Ukuba umntu wazibuza ukuba ngubani lowo okhutshiwe, mhlawumbi wadibana nale gama xa ezama ukufumana umsebenzi phesheya . Ubume be "expat" kumntu ofuna ukufumana umsebenzi kwilizwe lasemzini libhekwa ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuba "uhambo" oluqhelekileyo kuninzi.
Ngubani okhuphayo?
Igama elithi "expat" lithathwe kwigama elifanayo lesiNgesi njengeli "lizwe". Umahluko kukuba umntu ophumayo ngumntu ozinikela ngokuzithandela washiya ilizwe lakhe ngenxa yemvuzo, kwaye umntu ovela kwelinye izwe uyanqunyulwa ukuba ashiye ilizwe lakhe kunye nomsebenzi wokuzimela kwelinye ilizwe. Ngokugqithiseleyo igama elithi "expatriate" lisetyenziswe ekutyunjweni kwabantu abathunjiweyo kunye nabanamalungelo okuba ngabemi.
Ekuqaleni intsingiselo yegama elithi "expat" nelithi "expatriate" yayisondele kakhulu. Kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, isimo sokuqala saqala ukusetyenziswa ekubhekiseni abantu abanezemfundo ephezulu kunye noqeqesho oluhle, benethuba lokufumana umsebenzi ngaphandle kwelinye indawo, kwaye babuyele ezweni labo. Kubabathunywa belizwe, iimeko "ze-expat" zikhethwa ngakumbi kunokuba "zizwe". Ngokuqhelekileyo yamkelwa ukuba owokuqala ngumqeqeshi ofanelekileyo onikwe iinkampani ezinkulu, kwaye okwesibini ngumntu onokuzimela kuphela kwimisebenzi ehlawulwa phantsi.
Inkokheli ye-expat igosa kunye nezakhono ezikhethekileyo eziqhelekanga zingabonakali phakathi kwabafakizicelo kwisithuba kubahlali bendawo. Nangona kunjalo, umntu onjalo kwindawo yomsebenzi kufuneka abhekane nobunzima obuninzi:
- Umqobo weelwimi - nokwazi kolwimi kwinqanaba eliphakamileyo, kukho iingxaki ngeengcamango zokuqonda, imiqathango ekhethekileyo;
- iingqondo - ummeli welizwe elinye unokubona ukuba ezilungileyo iimpawu ezingenanto zendawo, kwaye ngokufanayo;
- ubunzima bokubhaliswa kwawo onke amaxwebhu-esi sizathu siba sisizathu sokwenqaba kwisithuba esivumelekileyo.
Ukukhulisa abantwana
Phantse njalo i-expat ngumntu omncinane, onomdla. Kwaye akukho nto ingaqhelekanga kukuba kwelinye ilizwe unentsapho kunye nabantwana. Phinda ukhulise abantwana luhlobo oluthile lenkcubeko, eyakhiwe ngokudideka kweempawu zelizwe elivela kuyo kunye nelizwe lokuhlala. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantwana bekcubeko lesithathu (njengoko kuthiwa abantwana abazalwe kwiintsapho ezidlulileyo) ba bonise izinto ezinjalo:
- Ukuthetha lula nabanye abantu, qhelana nabo, bafunde iilwimi zangaphandle ngokuphumelela ngakumbi;
- Kukho iingxaki ngokuchonga, kuba Abakwazi ukuzijonga njengabahlali belizwe looyise okanye njengabahlali belizwe elihlala kuyo.
Yintoni ephuma ngaphandle?
Ukuthunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe kukugxothwa komntu ovela kwilizwe elinokuthi libe lisesigxina okanye lihlale linomphela. Kwada kwaphakathi kwekhulu lama-20, ukuxoshwa kwabahlali kwaxhatshazwa kakhulu yilizwe elinombuso wobumbano. Ngexesha langoku, ukuthunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe kungenziwa ngokuthanda komntu ngokwakhe. Amazwe amaninzi aseNtshona awanikezela ngokufudukela kwamanye amazwe amalungelo abo. Abafaki baseFransi, umzekelo, banelungelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba kokhetho lonyulo lukazwelonke. Kwamanye amazwe, umzekelo - eSaudi Arabia, abafudukayo baphoqeleke ukuba baphile ngokwahlukileyo kubemi basekuhlaleni.
Ukufuduka kunye nokukhishwa kwenkcitho
Amagama athi "ukuthunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe" kunye "nokukhishwa kwezinto" zivame ukuqondwa ngabantu njengento efanayo, kodwa oku akunjalo. Xa befuduka umntu, baxoshwa ezweni ngaphandle kwemiphumo. Ukongezwa kukugqithiswa ngumbuso womntu osolwa ngokulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho okanye othotyelwe. Ngokwemiqathango yelizwe elikhoyo, kuphela abantu abenzile ubugebengu obunzulu basuswa kwiindawo zabo kwiiMerika ezingabonakaliyo. Akunqunywanga ukukhupha abantu abacela ukukhuselwa kobupolitika.
Amadolophu ekudlulileyo
Akunabo bonke amazwe abamkela ngokuzithandela abameli bezinye iinjongo, kodwa kwezinye iindawo, i-expat okanye i-expatriate inokufumana lula umsebenzi ongekho ngaphandle kweengxaki. Nalu uluhlu lwezona zixeko ezinobubele:
- EBeijing . KwiNtloko yaseChina, iingcali zangezinye izizwe ziyavuya ukufumana, izindleko zezindlu zifaniswa nabaseMoscow, kodwa umvuzo uphakamileyo.
- Bangkok . Inkunzi enkulu yaseThailand inikeza ithuba kuye nawuphi na umntu ovela ngaphandle ukuba avule ishishini, nangona kunjalo, ubuncinane iinkampani zendawo zintlanu kufuneka zisebenzele omnye umntu wesinye isizwe.
- Vancouver . ICanada yenye yezona zizwe ezithule kakhulu, apho iingcali ezininzi zaseRashiya naseYurophu sele zishiye. Isizathu solu thando luyinkqubo ekhangayo yokufuduka.
- ESydney . I-Australia iyakhanga kakhulu iingcali zangaphandle, ingakumbi amagqwetha kunye noogqirha banesidingo.
- ETokyo . EJapan, ixabiso liza kuvula amathuba amaninzi, ngokukodwa kukho imfuneko yeengcali ze-IT, abathengisi, abaphathi. Ubunzima kuphela yinjongo ekhethekileyo yabemi bendawo.