Penicillin kwiipilisi

I-Penicillin yenye yezona zinambuzane ezidumileyo kwiimbali zoluntu. Ngokwenzululwazi ye-London Science Museum, ukufunyanwa kwe-penicillin kwindawo yesibini kwindawo yokubeka kwizinto ezifunyanwe kuzo. Ukufunyanwa kwalo kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-20, kwaye ukusetyenziswa okusemthethweni kwe-penicillin njengonyango kwaqalwa ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini.

I-Penicillin ngumkhiqizo wobomi besikhunta se-Penicillium mold. Impembelelo yayo yokunciphisa isondela kuwo onke ama-gram-positive kunye nezinye i-gram-negative bacteria (staphylococci, gonococci, spirochete, njl.).

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-penicillin

Ukunyamezeleka kakuhle kwe-penicillin kwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kwisikhulu esikhulu sezifo:

Kwizonyango zabantwana, unyango nge penicillin lunokumiselwa nge:

Iifomu zokukhululwa kwe-penicillin

I-Penicillin ivelisa ngohlobo lwe powder, leyo leyo phambi kokuba ijoyiji ihlanjululwe ngesisombululo esisodwa. Iilenki zingenziwa nge-intramuscularly, ngaphantsi, nge-intravenously. Isisombululo se-penicillin sinokusetyenziswa njenge-inhalation kunye namaconsi (ngeendlebe kunye namehlo).

Ukulungiswa kweqela le-penicillin

Ngenxa yesiphumo saso kwiiseli zebhaktheriya (ukuxhatshazwa kweendlela zamakhemikhali eziyimfuneko kubomi kunye nokuveliswa kweeseli ezinobungozi), iziyobisi zepenicillin zichongiwe kwiqela elihlukileyo. Amalungiselelo eqela lemvelo le-penicillin zibandakanya:

I-penicillin yemvelo iyabonakala kwimpembelelo enkulu kakhulu emzimbeni. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iibhaktheriya zazingqinelana neepenicillins zendalo kunye noshishino lokuxuba imveliso lwaqala ukuhlakulela i-penisillistic penicillin:

Imiphumo emibi yezidakamizwa zezilwanyana ezixubileyo zichazwe ngakumbi:

Okwangoku, isizukulwana sesine samalungiselelo aqukethe i-penicillin siphuhlisiwe.

Ukulungiswa kwe-penicillin, phantse zonke zichithelwa yi-acast acid kwaye zinganiki iziphumo ezifanelekileyo zokwelapha. Kodwa kukho iziyobisi eziqukethe i-penicillin, eziveliswe kumacwecwe. Ukubunjwa kwala mayeza kwongeze izinto ezinobungozi ezinciphisa umphumo weejusi zesisu. Ngokukodwa, ezi zi yobisi zisezixhobo ezihambelanayo:

Njengomthetho, ukumkelwa kwamalungiselelo e-penicillin kwiipilisi kwenziwa ngaphandle kokutya kweentsuku ezingama-5-10.

Ezinye iindlela zokukhululwa kwezilwanyana zeepenicillin

Ezinye iimpawu ze-penicillin kwiipilisi zifumaneka kwifom ye-granules yokulungiselela ukumiswa okanye iifomsile:

Ifom elolo hlobo ifanelekile ukuba unyango lwezifo zabantwana. ziyakwazi ukuchithwa kwiijisi, ubisi, itiye kunye nezinye izixhobo zamanzi.