Indlela yokuhlwaya iikomkom kwindawo yokutshisa-isiluleko esihle malunga nokuvuna okuhle

Ukwandisa, abanini beendawo zasemaphandleni bacinga ngendlela yokutshala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse. Emva koko, kwi-greenhouse efanelekileyo efanelekileyo eneendlela ezifanelekileyo, imifuno entsha ingakhula unyaka wonke. Kwaye i-taste and quality of home products will be better than the one. Ukuze ufumane isityalo, kuyimfuneko ukudala iimeko ezithile.

Ziziphi iikomkethi kufuneka zityalwe kwi-greenhouse?

Xa ukhetha ukuba yiziphi iintlobo zamakhukhamba kufuneka zityalwe ku-greenhouse, kucetyiswa ukuyeka kwi-subhenecic partisocarpic. Ziyifumene iintlobo zeentlobo zezilwanyana kwaye azidingi impova. Ababelethi babakhupha ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezidibeneyo. Iintlobo zeentlobo zingalinywa kwi-greenhouse, kodwa ziya kufuneka zidityaniswe ngokubhaliweyo ukuze zenze i-ovary. Iindidi ezintle zemifuno yezakhiwo ezivaliweyo:

1. Muraki F1. Ukukhupha, ukuvelisa, ukuvelisa. Ikwahluke kwiimpawu zongcamango, iziqhamo ukuya kwi-12 cm ngobukhulu.
2. Umfana onomunwe. Ngaphantsi, ukuxhathisa kwizifo. Imifuno 11 cm ifana ne-gherkins, ilungele ukukhethwa.
3. Annushka F1. Ukuzithobela impoli, kungekhona ngokukodwa kwintlobo yokulima. Unika iziqhamo eziqhelekileyo ezingama-125 amagremu, kunye ne-sweet tast taste, crispy.
4. Inzuzo F1. Ukuvuthwa kwangaphambili, iziqhamo zinobunzima obuyi-120 grams, ezingenabuhlungu.

Uyakutyala nini iikomkom kwi-greenhouse?

Njengomthetho, ukutyala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse kwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini:

1. Imbewu. Isikhathi, xa ufuna ukutshala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse, ngenxa yezixhobo zayo. Ipharamitha ephambili yokuphuhliswa kukushisa kwe-substrate, akufanele ibe ngaphantsi + kwi-15 ° C. Kwi-hotbeds, ukuhlwayela kuqhutywe kwiminyaka elishumi yokuqala kaFebruwari, ngaphandle kwayo-ekupheleni kuka-Epreli.
2. Izithombo. Iimbewu zihlwayelwa rhoqo emva ko-Apreli 20. Zihluma iintsuku ezingama-2 kwi-25 ° C, zuza amandla. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-25 (emva koMeyi 15) izithombo zingasuswa kumhlaba. Xa uhlakulela iikomkom kwiindawo zokushisa ezifudumeleyo kunyaka, kulula ukwenza ezintathu ukujika kwaye ube nemifuno emitsha ngokuqinisekileyo.

Indlela yokuhlwaya iikomkom kwindawo yokutshisa?

Ukuqokelela isivuno esihle, kubalulekile ukufunda indlela yokutshala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse. Ngexesha lokulima, ixesha lokulima liqwalaselwa, icebo lokuhlwayela, ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, lulungiswe, lukhutshelwe i-disinfected kunye nomhlaba otyalwa. Ukufakela igumbi le-hothouse udinga indawo eplethi engathintekiyo yimimoya yasentla. Ummandla onomthamo osenzantsi uphelele kulo ndawo. Amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba akufanele abe ngaphezu kwe-150-200 cm.

Iikhukhamba - ukulungiselela i-greenhouse yokutyala

Ngaphambi kokutyala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse, kufuneka ilungiswe. Iindonga zesakhiwo ziyaxiliswa ngohlobo lwentwasahlobo, ngenxa yokuba iinambuzane ezinobungozi zingabuthelela kuzo. Ukuchithwa kwe-disinfection, i-chlorine lime iyasebenza - 400 g / 10 ilitha amanzi. Ngomhla wokuhamba kwamanye amatsha, i-upper tier (5-7 cm) yomhlaba kufuneka iguqulwe ibe entsha. Kwakudala ziyizilwanyana zezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo kunye neentsholongwane ezichaphazela imbewu.

Ingozi ebalulekileyo kwisityalo iyabanda. Ubushushu kwisakhiwo ngaphambi kokuba kutyalwe + 20-25 ° C, ukuguquka kwamini nobusuku akufanele kube ngaphezu kwama-5-7 ° C. Ukwandisa, iibhedi zizaliswe nge-sawdust, umquba wokukhuphuka kwi-cm cm engama-50 cm. Kwiqonga "elifudumalayo", umgca we-substrate u-25 cm ubeka phezu kwe "fuel". Igumbi linika umthamo womswakama we-75-90%, kuba kungcono ukutshala iikomkom kwindawo yokuthambisa engenakuzaliswa ngomoya omile - inkcubeko ayinyamezeli. Xa ubushushu bushushu, i-scatterers yamanzi.

Indlela yokutyala izithombo zekhukhamba kwi-greenhouse?

Kulo mbuzo wendlela yokuhlwaya iikomkom kwi-greenhouse ngaphandle kwezityalo, abalimi bacebisa ukuba benze ngaphandle kokukhetha. Izimbiza ezikhethekileyo zifanelekile ukuhlwayela. Zizaliswe iqoqo le-humus, peat, turf (2: 1: 2). Kwinqanaba le-nitrophos (60 g / 10 kg) kunye neembali zegesi. I-granules ingcwatywe i-1 cm kumacandelo angama-1-2 kwisitya esincinci (5x5 cm), sihlanganiswe ngefilimu kwaye sino-25 ° C. Ngosuku lwesi-5, i-cellophane isuswe, ubushushu buyancitshiswa ukuya kwi-18 ° C, buxutywe ngamanzi afudumele ngamanzi (+ 26-28 ° C).

Indlela yokuhlwayela izithombo kwiikomkom kwindawo yokutshisa:

• emhlabathini ixhomekeke emva kweentsuku ezingama-25, kwinqanaba lamaqabunga ama-3-4;
• Amaqula ayinakukhutshazwa nge-permanganate ye-potassium (1 g ye-potassium permanganate kwibhakethi yamanzi) kwaye ehambelana namanzi afudumeleyo;
• Izithombo ezisuka kwizibonda zeplastiki zikhishwe ngenyameko, iitanki ze-peat kunye neenkqubo zengcambu zifakwa emhlabathini;
• ihluma ihlelwe ukuze i-com ihlale nge-1-2 cm ngaphantsi komgangatho womhlaba, kwaye intamo enkulu yayingazange ihlupheke ukuhamba phantsi ngexesha lokutshiza;
• ukuhlanjululwa kwezithombo kunye nengca eyomileyo, unokuphepha ukukhuphuka kwamanzi kunye nokubunjwa kwamanzi.

Indlela yokuhlwayela iikomkom kwi-greenhouse kunye nembewu?

Indlela yokucwangcisa kakuhle ukhukhamba kwi-greenhouse kunye nembewu:

• sebenzisa izityalo ezineminyaka engama-2-3 ubudala;
• uzifake emanzini anetyuwa (70 g / l), uthathe unxweme;
• Imbewu ikhulile kwi-1% isisombululo se-manganese esine-pink imizuzu engama-30;
• ukutshintshwa kwi-gauze ehlanjisiweyo usuku.

Ubunzulu bunjani obubeka iikomkom kwindawo yokugcina i-greenhouse?

Imbewu yeMbewu ifakwa ngephondo elityunjiweyo ukuya kwimigodi okanye imigodi. Ngaphambi koku, umhlaba uhambelana namanzi afudumele. Ubunzulu bokutshala iikomkom kwi imbewu kwi-greenhouse evaliweyo ngu-2-4 cm. Umqolo wesityalo okusanhlamvu akumele ube ngaphezu kwe-0.5 cm, ukuba ngaphezulu - iyanqatshwa. Kulo mgobo, imbewu emi-2 ifakwa kumgama we-4 cm omnye komnye (ke ushiye ihlumela elinamandla ngakumbi), ufafazwe umhlaba kwaye udibanise . Emva kokuhluma, ibhedi ihlanganiswe ne-polyethylene eguquguqukayo.

Kude kangakanani ukutshala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse?

Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela indlela ekude ukutyala ngayo iikomkom kwi-greenhouse, kuba ayithandi ukuqina. Isicwangciso sokuhlelwa: i-15-20 cm phakathi kweemifanekiso, kunye ne-50 cm-span yemiqolo. Ukulungiselela izityalo zezityalo ezikhanyisiweyo zicetyiswa kumzekelo wesibhengebhe. Emva kokusasazwa kufuneka kube yi-6 intshukumo nganye imitha yokusebenza. Amahlumela atholakala emva kweentsuku ezingama-4 emva kokuphuma.

Kwinqanaba lamaqabunga ama-2-3, ama-seedlings avunyelwa ukuba aphule ngaphandle ngaphandle kokukrazula, kodwa ngokukhawuleza aphule amahlumela angaphezulu. Phakathi kwendonga nganye, intambo ihlanganisiwe okanye umgca omncinci awukho ngaphantsi kwe-2 m phezulu. Kwinqanaba 8-9 lamaqabunga omnye kufuneka acinge ngokulungiswa kweehlumela kwi-trellises. Isityalo esakhulayo sikhupha umoya, siphumelele ngakumbi, sifumana ubushushu obuninzi.

Umhlaba ukutshala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse?

Ukutshala ngokufanelekileyo kwamakhukhamba kwi-greenhouse kwenziwa ngokukhanya, umhlaba ongenamdla wokuphendula. Ekwindla, umhlaba ususwe kwiingqimba zokuvuna emva kokuvuna, ezingasinakunqunyulwa kwisisombululo se-sulfate yethusi: 1 tbsp. l nge 10 litres zamanzi. Ngaphambi kokutyala iikomkom kwindawo yokutshisa, i-substrate kufuneka ifakelwe. Ngaphantsi kwe-dig in ekwindla, i-humus okanye i-compost ifakwe kwinani le-1 ibhakethi nganye kwi-1 m2 yommandla.

Ngentwasahlobo inyanga ngaphambi kokuhlwayela emhlabathini wongeza ii-2 tsp superphosphate kunye ne-2 tbsp. I-ash nge-1m ² icebo. Emva kokuba i-ridge ithululelwe intuthuko ye-biostimulator "Energene" (1 capsule / 10 ilitha amanzi) ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-2-3 ilitha nganye kwi-1m ² . Nangona isahlulo esincinane salesi sidakamizwa ngokuphawulekayo sandisa ukwanda komhlaba. Emva kokufaka izichumisi, indawo yokutyala yesikhathi esizayo ihlanjululwa kwaye i-podpushivayut yayo.

Ungayinisela njani iikomkom kwi-greenhouse emva kokutshala?

Bobabini ukugqithiseleka nokungabikho kwamanzi okukhokelela ekuphelelweni kwe-ovary, amaqabunga atshabalalisa, ukuchithwa kweziqhamo. Umhlaba kwikhenktha lokutshisa ikhukhamba kufuneka uhlambuluke, kwaye ungabi manzi. Ukukhupha iikomkom emva kokutshala kwi-greenhouse kubangelwa kwisigaba sokukhula kwabo. Ngaphambi kokuba ziqhume, zidibanise kumthamo we-6-8 ilitha, kwisigaba se-ovary molding - 8-10 liters, kwinqanaba le-fruiting - 14-18 ilitha nganye kwi-1m ² kabini ngeveki. Amanzi ayatshiswa, athulule ngaphantsi kweengcambu, kungekhona kumagqabi (ukuze kungabangela ukutshisa). Ngalinye ixesha emva kokumisa, umhlaba ukhululiwe ngokukhululekile, ufefa ngotshani obomileyo.

Ukongezwa kwamakhukhamba xa uthelwa kwindawo yokutsalwa

Xa uhlakulwa kwindawo yokuthambisa, utyando lwe-4-5 lucwangciswe. Amafomati xa utyala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse:

• Ukutya kokuqala emva kokungena emva kweentsuku ezi-2 kwinqanaba lamagqabi amabini angama-serrated: kwi-10 ilitha amanzi, i-0.5 ilitha ye-slurry ihlanganiswe;
• ukondla okwesibini kwisigaba 3-4 seemakhishithi ezikhuniweyo, ukuqala kwemifuno kuthatha i-1 ingxenye ye-potassium sulfate, i-superphosphate kunye ne-urea eziqhelekileyo ngeekitha ezili-10 zamanzi;
• kwinqanaba le-fruiting yenza i-nitrofoss yesondlo yesithathu (50 g / m ² ) kunye ne-2 tbsp. l we-"Gummi" ukulungiselela, uchithe iilitha ezingama-5 zokuqokelela nge-1 m²;
• Isondlo sesithathu senziwa emva kweveki kamva.

Yintoni endiyibeka ngayo iikomkom kwi-greenhouse?

Ukuba kukho ukunqongophala kwendawo kwisayithi, ungasebenzisa iindlela zokuxuba. Yintoni ongayifaka ecaleni kwamakhukhamba kwi-greenhouse:

• Iklabishi yaseBeijing, isardard, i-turnip - ingafakwa phakathi kwemigca, icebo lokutshala liya kuvelisa kunye nemifuno nezinye izityalo ezincedo;
• njengendlela yokukhetha, ukutshala iikomkom kwi-greenhouse ingasondela kwidill - iya kukukhusela kakuhle imifuno kwiipasites;
• ipepper, i-arubine - kuyimfuneko ukuyibeka eceleni ukwenzela ukuba isithunzi asiwele phezu kwamahlumela;
• I-anyanisi kunye negalikhi - ngokukhawuleza kubakho kunye namakhukhamba;
• Iifotjhe zeembotyi, ii-peas - kungcono ukubeka phakathi kweentsika, zenza umhlabathi ukhule.

Yintoni engasinakutyalela iikomkom kwi-greenhouse?

Kukho iinkcubeko ezilimaza ummandla. Indlela yokutshala ngokufanelekileyo ukhukhamba kwindawo yokutshisa, engathandekiyo ukudibanisa:

• utamatisi kunye namazambane: kufuphi kunye nabo ukhukhamba kubuna, kunye neetamatato zibola ngenxa yobumanzi obuphezulu;
• I-basil, i-coriander, i-hyssop, i-oregano kunye nemifuno eluhlaza ayiyi kukukholisa isivuno.