Wonke umntu uyazi imifuno enjengamazambane, ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa "isonka sesibini". Namhlanje, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo zamazambane ezichongiweyo ezahlukileyo ngokwemimiselo kunye nokutyunjwa, i-tuber kunye nokunika amandla, ukuchasana nezifo kunye nezinambuzane.
Ziziphi iintlobo zamazambane?
I-assortment yehlabathi yamazambane namhlanje inezinkulungwane ezi-4 zeevenkile. Kunzima kakhulu ukuqhelanisa neentlobo ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke, abagadi begadi abanomdla bacebisa ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo zemifuno kule ndawo ekunikezelwa kuyo. Enye yezinto eziphambili ekuhlaleni iizambane kukukhula kwayo. Kuxhomekeke kuyo, iintlobo "zesibini isonka" zi:
- kusasa ;
- umyinge;
- kwexesha.
Ngokweenjongo zalo, iifatata ze-varietal zihlukaniswe zibe:
- Igumbi lokudlela. Iquka iintlobo eziqhelekileyo, ezinempawu ezibalaseleyo. Iifatata ezinjalo ziqulethe ngaphantsi kwe-18% yesitashi, inani elongezelelweyo levithamini C kunye neeprotheni.
- LobuGcisa. Umxholo wesitashi kwimifuno ufikelela kuma-16%. Ukususela kwiitatayi ezinjalo zivelisa isitashi kunye notywala.
- Yendalo. Kule mabakala, inani le-starch lihluka ukusuka kwi-16% ukuya kwi-18%.
- Aft. Ezi zinhlobo eziphakamileyo ezithengayo zinama-tubers amakhulu aqukethe iiprotheni ezininzi kunye nesitashi.
Olunye uhlobo oludumileyo lwama-potato uluhlu ngumbala wee-tubers zayo. Ezizona ziqhelekileyo ziintlobo:
- Mhlophe. Iipatata ezinama-tubers ziyanandi kwaye zibilisiwe.
- Ephuzi. Le mifuno iqukethe i-carotene.
- IiReds. Ezi zilimo eziyizigulane zigcinwe kakuhle, zininzi zi-antioxidants. Kwizithelo ezibomvu, kwenziwa i-solanine engaphantsi, oko kukuthi, ayiguquki.
- Multicolored. Okwangoku, iintlobo zamazambane ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-violet kunye nesikhumba esimnyama nenyama zidityanisiwe. Nangona kunjalo, basenayo indleko ephezulu.
Iintlobo zamazambane zakuqala
Ukuqokelela iifatata ezinjalo kuqala xa iziqwenga zezityalo zihlala ziluhlaza, kwaye isikhumba se-tubers sincinci kakhulu. Ukugcina loo mbatata akulindelekanga, kuba kwintsholongwane yasehlotsheni i-tubers ilahlekelwa ngumswakama ngokukhawuleza. Iintlobo zebhatate zakuqala ziza kuba:
- Ngethuba kakhulu - iibhubhu ziqala ukucoca emva kweentsuku ezingama-40-60 emva kokutyala. Ezi zixhobo ezinjenge-ultra-rugged include table types Timo, Ariel, Riviera kunye nabanye.
- Ekuqaleni- ukuvuna ezo mbatata ziqaliswe iintsuku ezingama-70 emva kokutyala. Le iindidi zeetayibhali Izora, Anosta, i-Red Scarlett, njl.
- I-Midrange - ukuvuna le mbatata emva kweentsuku ezingama 90 emva kokuhla. Iindidi zeebatata zi-Amorosa, uMarta, uOdysse kunye nabanye.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamazambane
Iifatata ezinjalo zifanelekile ukugcinwa, kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokutya ngqo ukusuka kwibhedi. Ukususela ngexesha lokuvuthwa kwamazambane aqala ukuhlakulela kunye ne-phytophthora, kungcono ukufumana iintlobo ezinjalo ezixhatshazwayo. Unokukhetha ezo ntlobo ze-potato eziphakathi kunye neyokugqibela.
- URamos - unobumba obuphuzi, unobomi obuphilileyo kwaye unxamnye nezifo.
- I-Lorkh - iipilisi ezijikelezileyo ezineemfumba ezimhlophe, amehlo amancinci, ukuchasana nokukhanya kwexesha elide.
- I-Lugovskaya - iindidi eziphakamileyo ezizahlulekayo ziyahlukahlukana nezigulana ezinkulu ezinamafutha ezinomzimba okhanyayo. Ukumelana nezifo kunye nezinambuzane.
Iintlobo zezityalo zamazambane
Ezi mifuno zivuthwa emva kweentsuku eziyi-115-120 emva kokutyala. Ezi ntlobo zivelisa ngakumbi. Izilimo zazo zezilimo ziqukethe umgangatho ophezulu weprotheni, iziqulatho kunye nesitashi, ezenza zibe mnandi ngakumbi. Le mbatata igcinwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ingasetyenziswa kulo lonke ubusika. Iintlobo ezinjalo zivame ukutsalwa kwimimandla esemzantsi. Iintlobo ezintle zeetatata ezidlulileyo zi:
- Izityalo ezicotyiweyo zeemeta kunye nomzimba ophuzi, isivuno esiphezulu kunye nokuchasana nezifo.
- I-syntheth - i-yellow mesh rind, inyama emhlophe yengcambu yomjikelezo.
- UMatveevsky - i-tuber ene-creamp pulp kunye nekhanda elimhlophe. Abachasene nomhlaza kunye nezinye izifo.
Iintlobo zezona zambatho ezihle kakhulu
Ukusuka kwiifatata, unokulungiselela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokutya, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhula kwisiza seentlobo zeetayibhile, eziquka:
- I-Bellarosa yintlobo yokuvuthwa kwasekuqaleni. Ixesha lesityalo liphuma kwiintsuku ezingama-45 ukuya kwezingama-60, ngoko ke kwimimandla esezantsi unako ukuvuna izilimo ezimbini zezi mifuno. Iibhubhu ezinobumba obomvu nenyama elula. Iindidi ezinokuthobeka, ukulwa nesomiso kunye nokuzivikela kumzimba ngezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo.
- Gala iindidi ezivuthiweyo. Ikhulile kuyo nayiphi na indawo yemozulu. Unesivuno esiphezulu kunye nokuchaswa kwezifo . Iinjongo ezinobumba beige kunye nomzimba ophuzi ophuzi zigcinwe ngokupheleleyo.
- I-Picasso yintlobo ehamba phambili, eyaziwayo ngokuvunya okuphezulu. I-tuber iluphuzi kwaye inobumba obushelelekileyo kunye nesikhumba esincinci.
Ukuvuna iintlobo zamazambane
Ukusuka kumbindi omnye wezambane kunokuthatha umyinge we-1 kg yezilimo eziyizigulane, iintlobo ezinobungakanani obu bungakanani obuya kufika kwi-3 kg. Nangona kunjalo, umntu makakhumbule ukuba ezininzi izimpande zityalo zingavuna kwiminyaka yokuqala 2-3, kwaye ke le ntlobo iqala ukuhlakala kwaye isivuno saso sihla. Abanye abalimi bakholelwa ukuba iindidi ezinobomi kakhulu kwizambatho ziyimifuno yokuzalisa i-Dutch, nangona kunjalo, iintlobo ezininzi zineentlobo eziphezulu. Phakathi kwabo, oku kulandelayo kuvela:
- I thamsanqa;
- Nevsky;
- Zhukovsky kusasa;
- Udder;
- Breeze nabanye abaninzi.
Iindidi zeepatato ezifanelekileyo
Ngamnye wethu unemibono yakhe malunga namazambane amahle. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba iindidi ezintle zeetayibhile zizobilisa ngokugqibeleleyo. Abanye bakhetha iifatata ezinokukrokra kwi-crust, kwaye okwesithathu, ibakala elihle lingafuneki ngononophelo olulodwa. Ngoko makhe sijonge iintlobo zeetatata ezintle ezibhekiselelwe kulezi zidilizo:
- Iifatata ezifudumele kungcono ukusebenzisa i-Sin-Eyes, I-Temp, i-Snow White, i-Asterix, i-Glow.
- Ukufrywa, iifatati, i-Sante, iNkokeli, i-Concord, ukunqoba, i-Filatovsky ifanelekile.
- Ngeemali, ungasebenzisa iintlobo zeAnushushka, Aladdin, iCarrera, iRumba, iSifra.
Iintlobo ezintsha zeetayibhile
Abalimi bahlala bequlunqa iintlobo ezintsha zeepatata, ezihlwayikayo kunye neengxaki zokuzikhusela izifo. Ukuba ufuna ukuzama enye yale mikhiqizo emitsha, kufuneka uqaphele oku:
- Levada . Olu luhlu lwezityalo zepatato zakudala kunye neentsuku zeentsuku ezili-105. Unesifo esibomvu se-pink kunye ne-pulp. Unokukhula kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo kwaye ube nezivuno ezilungileyo.
- Samara. Uhlobo lwetafile oluphakathi. Omkhulu ukuloba nokupheka. Ingabayiki ukushisa kunye nesomiso, inokugcina umgangatho omhle.
- Vitalot. Le mbatata enekhanda elimnyama nelinen ebomvu. Uluhlu lwexesha luphelile, ngoko lugcinwe ngokupheleleyo. Ivelisa i-purée ecocekileyo yombala wokuqala obomvu.