I-Ogorodniku kuyinqweneleka ukuzimisela ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi wasentwasahlobo, imbewu yeentlobo zezityalo zeetamatyiti iya kulungelelanisa isicwangciso sakhe. Ukufumana isivuno sokuqala emhlabathini ovulekileyo, njengommiselo, sebenzisa iintlobo zetamatato ezahlukahlukeneyo: yiyiphi le nto kufuneka uyiqonde ukuze uphephe iimpazamo ekucwangciseni ukutyala.
Ukuzimisela kunye nokungapheliyo - ukuthini oku kuthetha ntoni?
Xa sithenga imbewu yeetamatato, ngoko kwiphakheji ibonisiwe - uhlobo olumiselweyo (okanye olungagqibekanga). Ziziphi iitamatayi ezimiselweyo kwaye ezingenakunyulwa kwaye yintoni umehluko phakathi kwabo:
- Iintlobo zeetamatato ezinqumlekileyo. Ukuphakama kwesiqithi kufikele kwi-110 cm, ukukhula kwayo kuyayeka emva kokubopha iziqhumane ezintathu. Ezi ntlobo zinika isivuno kwangaphambili (iintsuku ezingama-80-90 emva kokutyala, ubukhulu obuphakathi - emva kweentsuku eziyi-100-110). Iintlobo zisoloko zineengxaki zokumelana nezifo.
- Iintlobo zeetamatato ezizimeleyo. Ekukhuleni akukhawulelwanga, ngoko ke ihlathi lifuna i-garter enyanzelekileyo kwiinkxaso. Yenza ukukhula komva kamva, kuba ibrashi yokuqala ibunjwa kuphela emva kwephepha lesibhozo leshumi. Kwiindawo ezivulekileyo iintlobo ezinjalo zilungele ukukhula kwimimandla esezantsi. Ukumelana nokuphakama kwezifo zetamatato. Xa ikhulile kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo ezinokutshatyalaliswa ziyakwazi ukuvelisa iziqhamo unyaka wonke. Iibhasi zidinga ukusekwa rhoqo.
Iintlobo zentamatato ezithatyathwayo zohlaza
Izidingo ezithile zifakwe kwiintlobo zentamatyambo ezinqamlekileyo, ezikhulayo kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo, apho kunzima ukukhusela ukukhupha okuphezulu kunye noshintsho olushushu. Izimo zeHhousehouse ziyakuthanda ukuphuhliswa kwefungal nezinye izifo zetamatato. Ngako oko, i-hybrid evumela i-tomato ekhethekileyo ye-greenhouse, engaxhatshazwa kwi-phytophthora , ukubola kunye nezinye izifo,
- Bourgeois F1;
- Openwork F1;
- I doll yeF1.
Ngokudabukisayo, akunakwenzeka ukufumana izixhobo zembewu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zetamatato. Ngoko ukuba uceba ukuzibonelela ngokwakho imbewu, kungcono ukuqala ngokuqhelekileyo, kunokuba i-hybrid, iintlobo:
- Alsou;
- Seagull;
- Le ntombi.
Iitamatisi ezizimiselayo ezivulekileyo
Iitamatisi eziqingqiweyo zomhlaba ovulekileyo zibonakaliswe kakuhle:
- Volgogradsky 323;
- ITarpan F1;
- Utamatisi Bobcat F1;
- I-Red Red Riding Hood.
Iintlobo zezona zityalo ezinokubaluleka kakhulu
U-Ogorodniki uzama ukuzama ukufumana iintlobo zeetamatato ezifanelekileyo kakhulu, ukwenzela ukuba i-palatability iphakamileyo, kwaye isivuno sininzi - eqinisweni, iziza zomhlaba ezabiwe izityalo zegadi, njengesiqhelo, ubuncinane. Ezona ziqhamo zininzi ziyakuthiwa:
- Anastasia;
- Uhlaziyo;
- I-rapberry giant
Indlela yokukhulisa utamatisi othe ngqo kwi-greenhouse?
Ukunyuka utamatisi oqingqiweyo kwi-greenhouse, nangona kufuna umzamo, kodwa kungekhona umsebenzi ongenakwenzeka. Into eyona nto ayikuthi utyalwe ukutshala, uyenze ngokuqinisekileyo isiqithi kwaye ubophe ngokuqinisekileyo amagatsha etamatato kwizixhaso, ungavumeli ukuba isihlathi siwele phantsi kwesisindo sesiqhamo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuphepha ukunyusa okucuthayo, ukusebenzisa i- drip irrigation okanye iibhotile zeplastiki ezinzulu emhlabathini kunye nemingxuma eyenziwe, amanzi apho aya kuhlutha umhlaba kwiingcambu, angaphumi emanzini.
Ukunyamekela utamatisi othe ngqo
Naliphi na itekisi idinga ukunakekelwa rhoqo. Iitamatisi ezizimiselayo azikho nto, ukunyamekela kwazo kuyimfuneko kuzo zonke iinkqubo zityalo. Iquka amanyathelo alandelayo:
- Ngaphambi kokutyala izithombo kunye nenkqubo yokukhula kwezityalo, ulwe nezilwanyana. Umonakalo omkhulu kwizityalo unokwenza ibhere , i-wireworm, ifowuni, i-whitefly.
- Ukuqhuba ngokuchumisa rhoqo kunye nezichumisi kunye nama-microelements.
- Ukuphelisa usongelo lwe-phytophthora, umoya kufuneka udlule ngokukhululekile phakathi kwezityalo. Ukubopha izibonda kunye nezikhulu ezinkulu kwiifxaso. Oku kuya kunciphisa umthwalo kwisitshixo kwaye kuphephe ukuhlukana okanye ukuchithwa.
- Ukuqhuba ukugqoka okuqhelekileyo kweetamatato kunye nezichumisi ezine-microelements.
- Ukunisela kuqhutyelwa kude kuse ngokuhlwa, kodwa ukuze umswakama emagqabini anziwe ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga.
- Ngethuba lokuvuthwa kwesibrashi, sisusa amagqabi phantsi kwalo (1-2 iziqwenga ngeveki, ingabi ngaphezulu). Kuphela ngaphandle kobuxhatshazi: kwisityalo kufuneka kuhlale ubuncinci beeshicilelo ezi-15-20, ingakumbi kwishushu eshushu. Amaqabunga awanqabambi izandla zakho, kodwa usike ukuze ungalimazi isiqu.
- Ukuvimbela ukukhula kokhula, ingcambu yehlabathi ayizange ichithe kwaye iyancipha yahlala emhlabathini, i- mulch umhlaba ujikeleze izityalo.
Ukubunjwa kwamatamatisi athile
Ukuba unenjongo yokuvuna isityalo esihle se-tomato ekhethiweyo, akwanele ukuba ucinge ukuba kuthini ukuba ukwazi ukubeka utamatisi othe ngqo kwi-greenhouse kunye nomhlaba ovulekile. Sekudlule ngaphambi kokutyala kwiimbewu zichonga ukuba ngaba uya kwenza ihlathi njengento enye okanye emibini okanye emithathu-oku kubeka umgama omele ushiywe phakathi kweentsiba xa utyalo (ngaphantsi kwintlambo yeziqu, unokutshala ungatshala utamatisi).
Iibhokhwe zentamatyambo zakuqala kunye ezingaphezu kwamandla omzimba zixutywa ngaphambi kokuba kukhule kwaye zingenakho ukubunjwa. Ifom ephakamileyo kwesinye isiqhelo, ngokuqhekeza rhoqo amanyathelo. Ngama-middle-age engaphantsi kwebhokisi yokuqala yeentyatyambo ephuma kwinqanaba lokudala i-tomato "kwiimpawu ezimbini." Xa wenza "kwiimpawu ezintathu" nge-1-2 inflorescences, shiya enye enye inzala. Ama-stepson asele asusiweyo ade afinyelele kubukhulu be-3 cm. Xa uhlakulela utamatisi kwindawo yokubamba ukushisa, isiqithi sakhiwa sibe zimbini okanye ezintathu, zishiya izihluma ezisixhenxe kwi sityalo.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwindawo ekutsalwe ngayo utamatisi (evaliweyo okanye evulekile), ukusuka kwiinyanga oceba ukuvuna ngazo, ngaba unako ukubandakanya ukubunjwa kwezihlahla, kwaye xa ukhetha ukukhetha - khetha uhlobo oluthile olungagqibekanga okanye oluthile lweetamatato: yintoni na - uyayazi kwaye awuvumelani namanyathelo angalunganga, ukhulile isivuno esikhulu seetamatato.