Ukuze ugxininise ukungafani kwanoma yimuphi umkhiqizo okanye umkhiqizo, igama elithi "uphawu lokuthengisa" lusetyenziswa. Inceda ukuhlukanisa iinkonzo zabavelisi abahlukeneyo. Umnini walo mthethweni unokuba ngumntu onomthetho we-IP okanye iqumrhu elisemthethweni nalo naluphi na uhlobo olusemthethweni olubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yokurhweba.
Liliphi uphawu lokuthengisa?
Uphawu lokuthengisa luyimfuneko eyimfuneko yokwenziwa komntu ngamnye, iinkonzo zabathengi. Ilungelo kulo likhuselwe ngumthetho. Umnini wamanqaku angavumela abanye abantu ukuba basebenzise ngaphandle kwesivumelwano esandulelayo. Ukuba uphawu lokurhweba okanye uphawu olufana nalo lubekwe ngokungekho mthethweni kwileyibhile okanye ukupakishwa kwemveliso, ngoko iimveliso ezinjalo zibhekwa njengeqhinga kwaye kufuneka zitshabalalise.
Xa ibhaliswe uphawu, umnikazi walo ufumana isatifikethi esikhethekileyo. Ngokomthetho, ukutyunjwa komntu ngamnye kungabonakalisa imifanekiso, amagama kunye nezinye iindidi zemibala. Isimo esona sikhulu kukuba uphawu lunezinga elithile lokuqaphela kunye nokuhlukana phakathi kweempahla kunye neenkonzo ezifanayo.
Iimpawu zokuthengisa kunye neentengiso -hluko
Ingcamango yoshishino kunye nephawu lokuthengisa lichazwa ngokulinganayo. Akukho mahluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo. Kodwa ukuba uphawu lokuthengisa luqaliswa kwishishini kwinqanaba lezomthetho, ngoko uphawu lokuthengisa luguqulelo lwe-TM (uphawu lwezorhwebo). Akubhaliswanga ngabavelisi, kwaye isetyenziswe kuphela kwizinga lamazwe ngamazwe. Iphawu lokuthengisa linye yezinto eziphathekayo zentengiso, ebonisa ukuba umnini wayo unoxanduva lomgangatho weemveliso okanye iinkonzo zayo.
Imisebenzi yokuthengisa
Ixabiso ngalinye lenza imisebenzi emininzi:
- Hlu kileyo . Yona yipropati ephambili, njengoko isethi yamatshwayo kunye nemifanekiso ibonisa ukuba ngumntu ngamnye womenzi walo mveliso. Ukuthengisa ngempumelelo imveliso, uphawu kufuneka lube lukhuni kwaye lukhunjulwe.
- Ukuchonga okanye ulwazi . Kubalulekile ukuchonga izinto, ukuthembela kwiimpawu ezahlukileyo. Ndiyabulela i-logo, abathengi banokufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi impahla yabathengi.
- Ngomntu . Ugxininisa ukuba yiyiphi impahla kwiqela elithile lempahla kunye nomvelisi.
- Ukupapashwa . Ukuphakamisa kakuhle umqondiso, kuyimfuneko ukuyibeka ngokulula, ebonakalayo kwiipakethi. Ubhaliso oluchanekileyo lwentengiso lubalulekile. Kubathengi kufanele kubangele imibutho efanelekileyo.
- IWaranti . Lo msebenzi unyanzelekile ukuba usomashishini ahambelane nomgangatho ophezulu, ngaphandle koko uphawu lokuthengisa luya kukhishwa.
- Khu seleko . Kulo myalelo kukho ukhuseleko lomthetho lwarhwebo. Ngombulelo, umenzi unokukhusela impahla yakhe kwiifake. Ukuba omnye umnini ufuna ukusetyenziswa ngokungekho mthethweni, uzakuphula umthetho. Kuba oku kuya kuba noxanduva.
- Yengqondo . Lo msebenzi unxulumene ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokukhangisa. Ukuba umboleki wabona uphawu kumveliso owaye wazibonakalisa kakuhle, ngoko uya kukwazi ukuba lo mveliso ophezulu.
Iintlobo zeeMpawu zokuthengisa
Zonke iimpawu zoshishino ziyahlula zibe ziintlobo ngezinto, uhlobo lokubonakalisa, ubunikazi. Kwizinto zimbini iintlobo zeempawu: zenziwe ngegama kwaye zihambelana. Ubunini bempahla yabanini-mveliso bangaba kunye kunye ngamnye. Kukho olunye uhlobo oluthile - uphawu lokuthengisa oludibeneyo, oludibanisa izandi, amagama kunye nemifanekiso. Ngokwendlela yokubonakalisa, iimpawu ezihlukeneyo zeempahla zihlukaniswe zilandelayo:
- amazwi;
- ezintathu-ntathu;
- Zi lungile;
- isandi.
Ukubhaliswa kwezorhwebo
Ukuze ube ngumnini- mveliso , kufuneka ufumane amalungelo kuwo, ngaphambili udale igama elikhethiweyo. Ungabhalisa uphawu lokuthengisa ngokuqhagamshelana nabasemagunyeni karhulumente negunya. Umlingiswa unikezelwa kwiklasi ethile okanye kwiiklasi eziliqela. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimali yabo, indleko yenkqubo yokubhalisa iyahluka. Iiklasi ezininzi, ixabiso elininzi kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokuba unelungelo lobunikazi lokuthengisa, kufuneka uhlolisise ngokucacileyo ukuba yeyiphi imifanekiso kunye nemifanekiso enokuvunyelwa ukuqhuba ukubhaliswa. Kukho imiqondiso enqatshelwe ukungafani kwempahla, xa kunika ulwazi olungathembeki kumthengi, ukudukisa.
Ukukhuselwa kokuthengisa
Umnini uxanduva lokusetyenziswa kwephawu lokuthengisa, kunye nokuthengwa kwalo mthethweni. Ukukhusela uphawu olubhalisiweyo, i-"R" isetyenzisiweyo. Kuyinto yesiko ukuyibeka ngakwesobunxele ngaphezu kwe logo, kodwa ingafakwa kwenye indawo. Ukuba unaleta yesiLatin, unokuqiniseka ukuba uphawu lokuthengisa lubhaliswe kwaye isitifiketi esikhethekileyo sikhutshwe kuso.