Uhlalutyo lwegazi lwegazi luyindlela yokuvavanya igazi, esetyenziswa rhoqo kwiyeza, i-rheumatology, i-gastroenterology kunye nezinye iindawo zamachiza. Olu luhlalutyo lwebhubhoratri olubonisa ngokuchanekileyo imeko esebenzayo yeenkqubo kunye namalungu.
I-glucose kwigazi legazi
Malunga nomhla emva kokunikezelwa kwegazi, uya kufumana iziphumo ze-biochemistry. Baya kubonisa inani lemveliso yezinto ezahlukeneyo. Kunzima kumntu ongenayo imfundo yonyango ukuqonda ngokuzimeleyo iziphumo zohlalutyo. Kodwa namhlanje ukuchazwa kohlalutyo lwegazi lwe-biochemistry luhlala luqhotyoshelwe kumaziko empilo.
Umxholo weshukela egazini yinkcazo ye-carbohydrates metabolism. Ngokwemvelo ye-glucose akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwama-5,5 mmol / l kwaye ingekho ngaphantsi kwe-3.5 mmol / l. Ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwesi sixalathiso kudla ngokugqithisiweyo xa:
- I-Cushing's syndrome;
- isifo sikashukela;
- ukunyanzelisa ngokweqile umzimba;
- thyrotoxicosis;
- pheochromocytoma;
- izifo zeengqungquthela ze-endocrine.
Ukuba unesilinganiselo sezantsi se-glucose kwi-biochemistry epheleleyo yegazi, oku kubhaliweyo kuya kubonisa ukuba une-overdose ye-insulin, ukungaphumeleli kwe-gland okanye ubuthi obubi obuhamba kunye nomonakalo wesibindi.
Iimbindi kwi-biochemistry yegazi
Ekuqwalaseleni ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwi-biochemistry, inani le-pigment-bilirubin ye-ngqo kunye ne-bilirubin yexabiso lihlala liboniswa. Isiqhelo sesibalo se-bilirubin sinama-5-20 μmol / l. Utshintsho olubukhali kule nqondiso luphawu lwezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zesibindi (umzekelo, i-hepatitis kunye ne-cirrhosis), i-jaundice engumatshini, ubuthi, umhlaza wesibindi, i-cholelithiasis kunye nokungabikho kwe-vitamin B12.
Umgangatho we-bilirubin ngokuthe ngqo ngu-0-3.4 μmol / l. Ukuba ukwenzile igazi le-biochemistry kwaye le nqondiso iphezulu, ukuchithwa kwemifanekiso kunokubonisa ukuba unayo:
- i-syphilis;
- inetyhefu okanye i-viral hepatitis;
- cholecystitis ;
- isifo sesibindi esisulelayo;
- jaundice.
Amafutha ekuhlalutya kwegazi
Xa i-fatabolism ye-fatabolism iphukile egazini, umxholo we lipids kunye / okanye amaqhezu awo (i-cholesterol esters kunye ne-triglycerides) ihlala ikhula. Ukuchazwa kwezi zikhombisi kwiziphumo zegazi ze-biochemistry isayibaluleke kakhulu, kuba zibaluleke kakhulu ukuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo kwamagunya okusebenza ezintso kunye nesibindi kwizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka:
- i-cholesterol iyonke - 3,0-6,0 mmol / l;
- i-triglycerides 0.40-2.70 mmol / l (kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala).
Amanzi kunye namanzi amaminerali kwigazi le-biochemistry
Kwigazi lomntu kukho izinto ezahlukeneyo ezingafaniyo: i-potassium, i-folic acid, i-iron, i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-phosphorus, i-sodium, i-chlorine. Ukugqithiswa kwamanzi amaminerali amachiza enoba nayiphi na uhlobo kudlalwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwimizimba enesifo sikashukela, i- cirrhosis yesibindi kunye neengxaki zentliziyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, amanqanaba e-potassium kufuneka abe kwi-3.5-5.5 mmol / l. Ukuba kukho ukwanda kwenkxalabo yayo, ngoko ukucacisa i-biochemistry yegazi kubafazi kunye namadoda kuya kuboniswa ukuba le hyperkalemia. Le meko iyimpawu ye-hemolysis, ukunyanzelisa amanzi, ukungaphumeleli kwe-renal kunye nokungafezeki kwe-adrenal. Ukuncipha okuthe ngqo kumxholo we potassium kubizwa
Kuhlalutyo lohlalutyo lwegazi lwe-biochemistry, isiqhelo se-sodium siyi-136-145 mmol / l. Ukunyuka kwesi sibonakaliso kubonisa ukuba ukuphulwa komsebenzi we-correl okanye i-hypothalamus.
Isiqhelo se-klorine egazini li-98-107 mmol / l. Ukuba izalathisi zikhulu, umntu unokuthi aphelelwe amanzi, ukutyhefuza kwe-salicylate okanye ukungasebenzi komsebenzi. Kodwa ukwehla kwimixholo ye-chloride kuyabonwa ngokuhlanza, ukwanda okwenyukayo kumthamo okhulayo kunye nokugquma okukhulu.