I-pneumonia yinkqubo yokuvuvukala emiphakeni, kaninzi isiphumo okanye inkxalabo ye-bronchitis. Unyango lwe-pneumonia lwenziwe ngamayeza okubulala, ngenxa yokuba izigulana ezikhuselekileyo zesifo ziyi-bacteriological infections.
Iintlobo zezifo
Kukho i-pneumonia:
- Isibhedlele.
- Oluntu.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiprogram yezobugqirha, imirhumo eyahlukeneyo ye-antibiotics ikhethiweyo.
Imithetho yokumisela:
- Khetha i-antibiotic ebanzi. Le nto iya kuba yonyango lokuqala lonyango. Isizathu sesifo sithathwa ngokusekelwe kumbala we-sputum ohlukeneyo kwimiphunga kunye nobume bekhosi ye-pneumonia.
- Ukuqhuba uhlalutyo ukuchonga iintsholongwane ezibangele isifo, kunye nobuzwe babo kwiimithi zonyango.
- Ukulungiswa kwesikimu socwangco ngokwemiqathango yokuhlalutya kwe-sputum ukuhlukana.
Xa ukhetha ii-antibiotics ukuba uphuze kwi-bronchitis ephezulu kunye ne-pneumonia, kufuneka uqwalasele kwakhona:
- ubunzima besifo;
- ukuchasene;
- impembelelo enokwenzeka;
- yobuthi beziyobisi;
- ukutyekela kophuhliso lwebhaktheriya kwii-antibiotics;
- isantya sokungena kwesilwanyana kumanzi omzimba;
- isantya apho umlinganiselo wesifo sifumaneka kwi-foci ye-inflammation;
- umonakalo wezenzo zesilwayo.
Ukungaphumeleli kwe-antibiotics kwi-pneumonia
Iimeko ezinjalo azikho nto. Eyona nto ivela ngenxa yokuzithobela kwangaphambili isigulane ngoncedo lwe-bactericidal okanye i-bacteriostatic agents. Izizathu zokungahambi kakuhle kweziyobisi zingakho:
- ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kunye nokuguquka kwee-antibiotics;
- ukuphuhliswa koxhatshazo lwee-microorganism kwisiza esikhethiweyo;
- ukhetho olungalunganga lwesilinganiso kunye nobude bonyango.
Isisombululo sengxaki sigqithisa isilwanyana esinye, okanye ukudibanisa iziyobisi ezininzi.
Ziziphi i antibiotics zokunyanga i-pneumonia esibhedlele?
Uhlobo lwesibhedlele lwe-pneumonia luquka ukufumana rhoqo isigulane kwisibhedlele esibhedlele kunye nokunyangwa ngugqirha.
Umgca wokuqala. La machiza alandelayo asetyenziswa:
- Amoxicillin.
- Penicillin.
- Cefepime.
- Ceftazidime.
- Cefoperazone.
Xa ukunganyanzelwanga kwezi zixhobo ezichazwe apha ngasentla okanye ukuvela kweempembelelo zokuphazamiseka, kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa amanye amanxeba:
- Ticarcillin.
- Piperacillin.
- Cefotaxime.
- Ceftriaxone.
- Ciprofloxacin.
Kwezinye iimeko, udibaniso lwee-antibiotics luyadingeka ukuba uphucule ngokukhawuleza imeko yesigulane kwaye uphumelele ukuxinwa okufunekayo kwento esebenzayo emzimbeni.
Isiseko sokusetyenziswa kwayo:
- sisifo esibi sesifo;
- usulelo oluxubekileyo;
- ukuphuhliswa okukhawulezileyo kokumelana nokunciphisa i-microbial kwifomu enye ye-antibiotic;
- Inkqubo yokuvuvukala eyenzekayo kwimvelaphi yokhuseleko oluxinzelelekileyo;
- I-arhente yecala yokusuleleka yintlangano ye-microorganisms ezingangeni phantsi kweembonakalo zonyango.
Antibiotics esetyenziswa kunye:
- Cefuroxime kunye ne-gentamicin;
- Amoxicillin kunye ne-gentamicin.
- Lincomycin kunye ne-amoxicillin.
- Cephalosporin kunye ne-lincomycin.
- Cephalosporin kunye ne-metronidazole.
Umgca wesibini. Ukuba i-regimen yonyango yokuqala ingasebenzi okanye ngokuhambelana nokulungiswa ngokuhambelana neziphumo zohlalutyo lwe-pathogen:
- Cefepime.
- Ticarcillin.
- Fluoroquinolone.
- Imipenem.
- Meropenem.
Amayeza okulwa ne-anti-pneumonia
Kwisigaba esichukumisayo nesingqinelanayo nesifo, ezinjalo iziza-antibiotics zisetyenziswa:
- Clartromycin.
- Azithromycin.
- Fluoroquinolone.
- Doxycycline.
- Aminopenicillin.
- Benzylpenicillin.
Amagama e-antibiotics kwisigaba esinzima se-pneumonia:
- Cefotaxime.
- Ceftriaxone.
- Clarithromycin.
- Azithromycin.
- Fluoroquinolone.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezi ngonyango zingasetyenziswa.
Ukuze ukhethe i-antibiotic efanelekileyo kakhulu ye-pneumonia, ngokuqinisekileyo, kufuneka ugqirha. Oku kuya kuthintela ukugqithiswa kwekhosi yesi sifo kunye nokuvela kwamabhaktheriya anqandekile emzimbeni.