Angkor

• Idilesi: uCharles De Gaulle, Siem Reap, eCambodia
• Indawo: 200 metres square. km.
• Umhla wesiseko : 802 g. e.
• Umsunguli: Jayavarman II
• Iiyure zokuvula: 5.00-17.30
• Iindleko zokutyelela: ama-dollar angama-20 ngosuku, iintsuku ezingama-40 ukuya kwezi-3, 60-ngeveki

Abaninzi abahambahamba bajonga u-Angkor Wat ukuba abekhadi lokutyelela laseCambodia . Le ngqungquthela enkulu yamaHindu ethempelini, ngokwe-classification ye-UNESCO ibonwa njengepropati ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko yoluntu. Kodwa akuyena wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba le nxalenye yendawo yomlando yasendulo ye-Angkor, eyayiyinkokheli yolawulo lwaseKhmer. Kwakukho kwiiklasi ze-IX-XV.

Igama lommandla, njengoko abaphandi bakholelwa, livela kwiSanskrit igama elithi "nagara", elithetha "isixeko esingcwele". Isikhathi sokuchuma kwe-Angkor eCambodia saqala ngo-802, xa umlawuli waseKhmer Jayavarman II wamemezela ubungqina bakhe nobunzima obungenamkhawulo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo wathutha inkunzi yelizwe apha.

Iyintoni idolophu yase-Angkor yasendulo?

Ngethuba lethu elihlala kwindawo yakudala lifana nomzi weklasi, kodwa indawo yetempile-dolophu. Oku kuchazwa yinto yokuba ngexesha lolawulo lweKhmer cishe yonke indawo yokuhlala kunye nezakhiwo zikawonkewonke zakhiwa ngokusebenzisa ukhuni, kwaye zonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza kwisimo sezulu eshushu kunye nomswakama ophezulu. Amanxuwa asethempelini zendawo aphile kakhulu, kuba ayemisiwe kwi-sandstone. Iindonga zenkqantosi zakhiwa nge-tuff.

Ngoku amanxuwa e tempile yase-Angkor azungeze ihlathi elishushu kunye namazwe ezolimo. Zihlala ngasentla kweLake Tonle Sap kunye naseningizimu - ukusuka kwi-Plateau yase-Kulen, kufuphi ne-metropolis ye-Siem Reap kwiphondo elifanayo. Umgama ukusuka kwisixeko sendawo ukuya kwizakhiwo zasendulo malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-5.

Ubungakanani bomuzi wee-tempile zase-Angkor buyinkxalabo: ubude bayo ukusuka enyakatho ukuya eningizimu buyi-8 km, kwaye ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma-24 km. Abaqhagamshelisi bexesha elidluleyo baya kumangaliswa kukuba zonke izakhiwo ezikwakhe zakhiwa ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwesamente okanye ezinye izinto ezibophelelayo. Iibhloko ezenziwe ngamatye kuzo zidibaniswa ngohlobo lokukhiya. Ngethuba kwietempile zendawo kunye nobuxoki: ukuba ubheka kwinqwelo-moya ukuya kwintlanzi evela phezulu, kuyacaca ukuba indawo yeetempile ihambelana nesimo seenkwenkwezi kwi-constellation ye-Dragon ngelilanga le-equinox yangomso ngo-10500 BC. Lo mhla uhambelana nokujikeleza okujikelezayo kweNdawo yaseNyakatho yaseNtshonalanga ephakathi kwenkqantosi, kodwa ukubaluleka kwelo lungiso lwezakhiwo zeKhmers zakudala aluqondwa ngokupheleleyo.

Ingcono kakhulu ukuhlolisisa itempile?

Ukuze uqhelane nazo zonke izinto ze-Angkor, ngolunye usuku awuyi kuba neleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ulinganiselwe ngexesha, unako ukulandela ityelelo malunga neNqwelwana encinci ukubona iindawo ezingcwele. Ubude bendlela buya kuba malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-20. Ukuba ukhetha ukucwilisa ngokupheleleyo kwimbali yaseCambodia kwaye uhlanganiswe nenkcubeko yayo, hlala apha ezinye iintsuku ezimbini. Ngosuku lwesibini uya kufunda malunga nokubonakala kwethempeliti ezinkulu kwi-template ezihlakazekile kwi-25 metres square. km., kwaye ngosuku lwesithathu lunokunikezelwa ekuhlolweni kwezikhumbuzo ezikude zezakhiwo zamandulo.

Umrhumo wokungena kwendawo yokukhangwa yi-$ 20 ngosuku, i-R40 kwiintsuku ezintathu kunye ne-60 yeeveki. Amathikiti awavumelekanga ukutyelela iintempile zaseBang Meala, iKoh Kehr kunye nePnom Kulen, ngokungena kuyo okuya kufuneka uhlawule ngokulandelanayo ngokulandelanayo, ama-5 kunye nama-dollar angama-20. Uhamba nesithombe sakho senziwe ngokufanelekileyo kwindawo, ekungeneni kwetempile. Ungabathengela nabo emnyango wesibini, apho abaqhubi beendlela ezikhokelela eBanteay Srey kunye ne-moya yesikhululo esiya kwisixeko "esifa".

Uluhlu lwee-Angkor zithengiswa eCambodia

Kwisikwere, xa uhlala kwisixeko saseKymer, kwaye ngoku unokubona amanxuwa ahleliweyo aseHindu naseBuddhist. Phakathi kwabo sinokuhlukanisa izixhobo ezinjalo:

1. Iintempile zeAngkor Wat. Olu bunzima bezakhiwo lubonwa njengowona mkhulu kwi-Hindu ingcwele eyanikezelwa kunkulunkulu uVishnu. Uluhlu oluphambili lwethempelini lukhona kuwo amanqanaba amathathu, kuba luqukethe izithuba eziliqela ezigxininisiweyo, ezibandakanya ii-galleries ezintathu. Badibaniselana ngabanye ngemigangatho yemigangatho ngendlela yesiphambano kunye nokuphakama ngaphezulu kweminye, ukwenza i-pyramid yesithathu.
2. Phnom-Bakheng. Le ngenye yeetempile zokuqala ezakhiwe apha kwii-9-10 zeenkulungwane. Ingqungquthela emihlanu, ehlotshiswe ngeendonga ezininzi.
3. Angkor Thom (ekuguquleleni "idolophu enkulu"). Le yona ibaluleke kakhulu kwisixeko kunye nesikhungo setempile. Ngendawo engcwele ungabona ithala leendlovu, i-pyramid ye-three-tier i-Bayon, iSango lokuNqoba, i-terra-roof roof, amabhuloho amatye, njl njl.
4. Ithempeli laseBayon , lelinye lezinto ezinomdla kakhulu kwintlanzi ye-Angkor e-Cambodia sibonga kwisisombululo sokuqala sakhiwo. Isakhiwo esisezingeni lesithathu esineziqweliso zendawo eziphakamileyo zeendawo eziphakamileyo, kwicala ngalinye apho ubuso bomatye buBuddha bubonakala khona.
5. I-monastery ye-Pre-Kan, equka iintempile zikaTa-Som kunye ne-Nik-Pin (i-XII leminyaka).
6. Banteil-Kdei .
7. Ta-Prom, engazange ilahlekelwe yinyaniso yayo kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo.
8. Bakong, babonwa njengento yokuqala yokwakha itempile.
9. UBanteay-Srey , odumileyo ngenxa yeendlela zakhe ezinqabileyo ezisezantsi.
10. Phnom Kulen.
11. Koh Ker.
12. Beng Meala.
13. Chau Sei Tevoda.
14. Thomannon.
15. Ta Keo.
16. EPrasat Kravan.
17. East Mebon.
18. Pre Rup.
19. Lo Som.
20. Neak Pean .
21. Preah Kahn.

Iintlanu zokugqibela zetempileni zingezantsi kwi-Great Circle, ewe. zibandakanyiwe kwindlela ethile yokutyelela, okubandakanya, ngokuqinisekileyo, zonke iindawo ezingcwele zeCandelo elincinci.

Indlela yokufikelela eAngkor?

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale, kuyafaneleka ukufumanisa apho i-Angkor ikhona khona. Isixeko siphezu kweekhilomitha ezili-6 kumntla we-Siem Reap kunye neekhilomitha ezili-240 ukusuka entshonalanga yeFnom Penh. Indlela elula ukuqesha imoto okanye i-tuk-tuk ngokuthe ngqo kwihotele, eya kukuthabatha ngqo ekungeneni kwintlanzi, kwaye ngesivumelwano kwaye iya kukwazi ukuqhuba ummandla wayo. Ukuqeshisa i-tuk-tuk kuya kukubiza i-dollar ezili-10 ukuya kwe-20, kwi-$ 25 ngosuku. Ngelo xesha, uya kujongela ithuba lokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo isicwangciso sokubona, kwaye ungaxhomeki, umzekelo, kwishedyuli yebhasi.

Iingcebiso eziNcedo

Xa u tyelela idolophu yasendulo elahlekileyo ehlathini, umntu makayithobele la macebiso alandelayo:

1. Qinisekisa ukuthatha imephu kunye nezikhokelo zokuphepha ukulahleka. Ummandla wetempile unkulu kakhulu kangangokuthi ngaphandle kwesikhokelo ubeka ingozi ekugungxeleni ngaphandle kweeyure eziliqela.
2. Ukuthengwa kwezilwanyana ezinokuthi zithuthuke kwiintshukumo ukuze zithuthuzele ngakumbi nakusiphi na imini okanye ubusuku ngexesha lohambo.
3. Ephantse kweetempile ungathenga ukutya, iziphuzo, i-ayisikrimu kunye nobhiya, kodwa akukho moya. Ngoko, kwisitokethi kwiikhilogram zokutya, xa uceba uhambo, akufanelekanga.
4. Gqoka iingubo ezenziwe ngethambo elikhanyayo kunye nefuthe, kunye neentambo zokukhwela. Emva kwakho konke, kufuneka ukhuphuke isakhiwo esinye phantsi kweemvula zelanga elitshisayo. Musa ukuphazamisa kunye nezibuko zelanga, umkhwa ofana nesitya somthi kunye ne-raincoat xa kunjalo.