Imeko kunye nokwakheka kwegazi yinkqubo yezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Kwiimviwo zokukhusela kubantwana, ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele kuyimfuneko. Oku kuyimfuneko ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ezinzulu, iimpawu zokuqala ezinokuthi zitshintshe kuphela ukubunjwa kwegazi. Ukumisela ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubantwana kufuneka kwenziwe ngutitshala onolwazi, ukufumana izigqibo ngokuzimeleyo, ngokusekelwe kwidata ye-statistical. Ngamaqhekeza, ukungenelela ngonyango, unyango lwamachiza kunye nezinye izinto, iziphumo zokuvavanywa kwegazi kubantwana zingaba zichanekile, ngoko kukulungele ukucacisa imeko yodokotela oya kwiinkalo, ngokuqwalasela imeko ethile. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwegazi kubantwana alubonakali ukungafi ngokupheleleyo kweso sifo, kodwa kunceda ukwenza uvavanyo oluchanekileyo ngakumbi kwaye unqume indlela yokonyango. Iimpawu zokuvavanywa kwegazi kubantwana bubungakanani kunye nenani lezinto ezihlukeneyo ezenza ukwakheka kwayo, njenge-hemoglobin, i-erythrocytes, iiplatelets, i-leukocytes nabanye.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lwezonyango (ngokubanzi) kubantwana
Ukucacisa ukuhlalutya ngokubanzi kwegazi kubantwana kuvumela ukubonakalisa iinkqubo zokuvuvukala, i-anemia, i-helminthic invasions. Uhlalutyo lwezonyango luyenziwe ngenjongo yokukhusela, kunye nangenkcitho, ukubeka iliso nokulungisa inkqubo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukubona isimo sezinto zonke zegazi kubantwana, ukuhlolwa kwegazi olunzulu kunikwa.
Uhlalutyo lwegazi lwe-ESR kubantwana lubonisa izinga le-sedimentation ye-erythrocyte, kwaye lunceda ukufumanisa izifo eziphethwe yi-endocrine, isibindi kunye nesifo sezintso, izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lwezinto eziphilayo
Igazi lokuhlalutya lithathwa kwi-vein. Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe igazi, akufanele uthathe ukutya kunye ne-liquid (ngaphandle kwamanzi) ubuncinane ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-6, njengoko oku kunokuchaphazela iziphumo.
Ukucacisa ukuhlalutya kwegazi kumabantwana kukuvumela ukuba ugqibe isimo sezitho kunye neenkqubo zomzimba, ukuchonga iinkqubo ezivuthayo okanye i-rheumatic, izifo ezibangelwa ngumzimba. Kwakhona, oku kuhlalutya kunceda ukuqonda isigaba sesifo kunye nendlela yokonyango.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngenxa yezilwanyana ezingabantwana
Ukuba uthanda ukuphendula, kufuneka uqhube isifundo esiza kukunceda ukufumana izilwanyana. Ubomi bubangelwa yimibandela emininzi, ngoko awukwazi ukuzama ukumisa izizathu. Amaqhinga okunyango aya kuxhomekeka kwiziphumo zohlalutyo. Iimeko ziqhelekileyo apho oogqirha bazama ukukhuphela umphumo wezinto eziqhelekileyo ezingenazo iimvavanyo. Abazali bafanele baqonde ukuba izenzo ezinjalo azivunyelwanga kwaye zichaphazela kakubi umgangatho kunye nexesha lokunyanga.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwiintsana
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele kubantwana kwenziwa kwinyanga ezi-3 ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwe-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron, kwaye ukujonga imeko yezempilo ngaphambi kokugonywa kwesiganeko. Ukuba iziphumo zohlalutyo azihambelani, ukugonywa akufanele kwenziwe, kuba ngexesha lokugonywa umntwana kufuneka abe nempilo enhle. Kwiimeko apho kukho izikhalazo zesifo, iimvavanyo zenziwa phambi kweenyanga ezintathu, njengoko kuyimfuneko. Ukuba kukho imbali yentsapho yesifo esisasazekayo ngokwezityalo, ke uvavanyo lwemizimba lwegazi luya kufuneka. Kukholelwa ukuba i-sampuli yegazi yokuhlalutya ibangela ukunyanzeliswa komntwana omncinci kunobungozi kwimpilo, ngoko oogqirha bancomela ukuba abazali baphazamise umntwana kwaye bancede ukudala indawo yokuzola ngexesha le nkqubo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukuba emva kokufumana ifom kunye neziphumo zokuvavanya igazi kwintsana, abazali bayamjonga ngephithiphithi kwaye abakwazi ukuqonda ukuba yintoni na loo mifanekiso okanye amanye amanani afana negqabi. Njengoko sele kuthethwe ngaso, ugqirha kuphela uya kukwazi ukuhlalutya uhlalutyo, oluya kuthatha ingqalelo akukho nqondiso enye, kodwa yonke into esekho kwifom. Enyanisweni, abazali abanolwazi abanokukwazi ukulinda ukuba bafumane ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi luyinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa ukuthelekiswa kwamanani aqhelekileyo abonakaliswe kwifom neziphumo zeemvavanyo akufanelekanga, kuba zihlala zihambelana nezikhombisi zezigulane zabantu abadala kunye neentsana zikho imigaqo ngokoqobo kwiintsuku. Sincoma ukuba uqhelane netafile yeendlela zokwakheka kwegazi zamanqanaba ahlukeneyo.
Ngaphambi kokuba banike uvavanyo, abazali kufuneka baqhagamshelane nomgqirha, bafunde ngokucacileyo indlela yokulungiselela inkqubo, ingaba iindleko zokuvavanya igazi, zithini ukuba zithwalwe kunye nenkqubo kunye nokuba ziphi na iintsuku ezifanelekileyo ukuzisa umntwana. Ingqwalasela enkulu kufuneka ihlawulwe kwiimvavanyo zegazi ezikhuselweyo, njengoko ziyakwazi ukubona kunye nokuphilisa izifo ezininzi kwizigaba zokuqala ngexesha elifanelekileyo.