Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abantwana beengqondo beye beva izikhalazo ezivela kubazali malunga nabantwana babo, abathi, ngokwemama noodade, abakwazi ukuhlala bemi. Abantwana banamhlanje bayalinganisa isigqi sobomi, baphuma zonke izibikezelo ezingenakucingekayo zabazali babo malunga nophuhliso lwabo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho iimeko xa umsebenzi ongeyena nje umntwana, kodwa isifo esibi kakhulu kwinkqubo yesantya: ingqalelo yokungabikho kwengxaki yokuxhatshazwa kwempilo (ADHD).
Unokukunceda njani umntwana ococekileyo?
Okokuqala, kufuneka uqonde ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna uncedo lwenzululwazi-mhlawumbi le nto yinto nje yengqondo.
Nayi impawu abazali abangakwazi ukuyiqonda i-ADHD:
- umntwana akasabela xa ephathwa;
- zihlala zihlakazekile, zingaqala kwaye zingagqiba isigwebo;
- soloko elahlekelwa izinto;
- uphazamiseka nayiphi na into enokwenzeka (ixesha elide kakhulu ligxininisa);
- Umntwana ongaxhamliyo akwaziyo ukwenza ntoni nemisebenzi efuna uxinzelelo olude kunye nengxaki yengqondo, ulahlekile;
- njengomthetho, uphazamisa wonke umntu ojikelezayo emsebenzini (xa usebenza kwisifundo);
- abantwana abane-ADHD abanomonde /
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuxilongwa okunjalo kumntwana wakho, kungcono ukubonisana neengcali, uya kukunceda wenze isigqibo sokuba uqale njani ukujongana nale ngxaki (nangaphambili, ngcono).
Indlela yokufundisa umntwana ococekileyo?
Okokuqala kufuneka ube nomonde, iingxaki zakho kwaye awuqhelanga uze ufumane isikolo. Ingxaki ebalulekileyo ebantwaneni abane-ADHD kukuba akubona bonke ootitshala esikolweni nakwizikhungo zokufunda zasesikolweni bazi indlela yokunxibelelana nomntwana onobuchopho. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukufundisa ngokujulile umntwana onje, zama ukugcina xa ehlala ekhululekile kakhulu, xa ekwazi ukugxininisa ixesha elide (okanye ugxininise konke). Emva koko qalisa ukwakhiwa kwemoya yosuku lomhla.
Nazi izicwangciso ezixhamlileyo kubazali bomntwana ococekileyo.
Ukuze ukwazi ukujamelana nomntwana onomdla, kufuneka uququzelele urhulumente womhla ngokucacileyo kunokwenzeka. Umntwana one-ADHD uhlala ehamba kwaye akakwazi ukuhlala ehleli okwesibini, umntwana akayi kukwazi ukusabela kwisicelo sokuba ahlale aze athule. Ngoko, usuku kufuneka lulandele njalo imeko ethile:
- vuka ulale embhedeni olwabiwo; ngaphambi kokuba ulale umntwana osweleyo, ulungiselele indebe yobisi olufudumele kunye nobusi, uqokelele umhlambi obushushu;
- kuzo zonke izenzo, ziza kunye nesithethe sakho (ibali lokulala, ukuhlamba izandla phambi kokutya, inkomishi yetiyi phambi kweeklasi, njl.), ngoko umntwana ongenakuchukumiseka akayi kuqinisekiswa, kuba isingqimba sayo kwaye akukho zibonakaliso zengozi;
- zonke izenzo kufuneka ziqinisekiswe ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ingqondo engaphelelwanga kwaye umntwana akanakuziva engathandekiyo. Xa
umntwana okhuseleyo uyazi ukuba uza kwenza ntoni kwiiyure zonke zomhla wakhe, inkqubo ye-nervous iqala ukusebenza "ngaphandle kokugqithisa", ngoko unokufumana uhlaziyo kunye nokukhusela ukuvutha komsindo.
Ukukhulisa umntwana ongenasifo kakubi kunzima njengoko ungacinga. Indlela yokujongana nomntwana ococekileyo ngokuchanekileyo:
- zama ukuqhuba iiklasi ngexesha elincinane elibiweyo, ngaphandle kokuguqula ngaphandle kwesizathu esibalulekileyo;
- Musa ukunika umtya omkhulu umthwalo, qalisa ngemizuzu embalwa, koko wongeze ixesha;
- phambi komsebenzi wonke kufuneka ulungiswe, ukuba uyayigcina isibini, ingqalelo yomntwana ilahlekile ngokukhawuleza;
- Musa ukuhlangabezana nendlela yokujongana nomntwana onobuhlungu xa engaqapheli. Mhlawumbi, kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha indlela yokufaka - cinga ngento enye ukuthatha umntwana wakho, ukuba uya kuthanda ngaphezulu.