Umfula waseKiey Pochayna ufihla iimfihlelo zangempela zobhaptizo lukaRus, okungekho mntu ukhumbula ixesha elide ...
Kwimbali yamasiko amaninzi amandulo, umntu unokufumana izinto ezizodwa zemvelo, ezilahlekile kwimephu kunye nexesha. Enye yale ndawo yayingumlambo waseKychen iPochayna - i-Rightbutton ye-Dnieper, apho, ngokutsho kweengxelo zembali, ukubhaptizwa kweRus kwenzeka. Ekhoyo ngokwenene, yachithwa kwiimephu kunye nememori yabantu, kodwa yavuka kwakhona.
Imbali yePochaina
Iincwadi zeSikolo zithi kwi-Dnieper, i-Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavovich ngo-988, yabamba iqela lokuqala lokubhaptizwa kwabemi baseKiev. Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba lo mzuzwana wawungowokuqala kwe-Orthodoxy kwimimandla yaseKivan Rus, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu abantu abanomdla kwiinkcukacha. Indawo ecacileyo ye-sakramente yayiyiPochayna okanye iSmorodina, njengoko ibizwa kwiindawo ezithile. Ngomthendeleko we-Epiphany, emva kokuguqulwa ebuKristwini kule ndawo, ukulungiswa Kakhulu kwamanzi kwakulungiswa, ngaphambi kokuba ulungelelaniso lwenkolo luhlelwe unyaka ngamnye. Oku kubonakaliswa yinkoliso yamandulo yamandulo kunye neencwadi zezifundo zeSoviet ngexesha apho iimbali-mlando zanamhlanje ziye zanyamekela le nyaniso.
Ukukhethwa kwendawo yokubhaptizwa kwakuzuzisa kuzo zonke iimbono. Okokuqala, umlambo wawuthetha ukuba abantu baseKievali bangaphaya kweDnieper ngokwayo. Okwesibini, ininzi yoluntu kunye nezibonelelo ezisisiseko zesixeko zazingaselunxwemeni lwazo. Kwaye okwesithathu, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, isizathu sokubhabhadiswa ePochayna kwakuyiibhanki ezingabonakaliyo zeDnieper ezinamahluma enameva, ukuba ziqhutywe apho kungekho mntu wayefuna.
Ubhaptizwa njani?
Kwi-pre-Orthodox epicic kunye neenganekwane, uPochayna naye wakwazi ukushiya uphawu. Kwakujongwa njengomfanekiso wesiGrike saseSyria, apho abafileyo babethunyelwa kwilizwe elizayo. Kwakuhlala kuyo inyoka uNobhen Gorynych kunye neentloko ezintathu kunye nomsila onamabini, apho amaqhawe uDobrynya Nikitich, uAlyosha Popovich no-Ilya Muromets bathetha ngayo. Lapha, phambi koBhapathizo, isithixo seVeles - ingcwele yontlanzi yezilwanyana, abahwebi kunye nabalumbi, okwesibini emva kwePerun ebaluleke kakhulu kwi-pantheon yoothixo, yachithwa. Olunye ubungqina, eqinisekisa indima yePochayna ekuthotyelweni kwe-Orthodoxy: ngowe-1975 abavubukuli bafumanisa apha i-oki engcwele ePerun naseVeles, eyayiyindawo yokukhonza yonqulo.
Emva kokutshatyalaliswa kweetempile zabaninzi boothixo, uNkosana Vladimir wabiza abantu ukuba babhaptizwe baze babuyele kwiCawa laseConstantinople. Ngethuba lo mthendeleko bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kuloo mbhiyozo banikezwa umthandazo:
"UThixo omkhulu, wadala izulu nomhlaba! Khangela abantu abatsha, ubaphe, Nkosi, kuwe, uThixo oyinyaniso, njengoko ndikulethele kwilizwe lamaKristu, ndibe nokholo kubo ngokufanelekileyo nangenasiphelo, uze uncede, Nkosi, nxamnye nomchasi, ndikuthembele wena namandla akho, Vula izicwangciso zakhe! "
Amandla angachazwanga omlambo ongcwele
Okumangalisa kukuba, njengokholo lwabantu kwiinjongo zonqulo abazitholayo, ubutyebi baqala ukuhamba nabo. Ekuqaleni "wafihla" umthombo wakhe: bonke ababhali-mlando bahlukana baba ngamaqela amabini, bephikisana nokuba ingaba yiJordan okanye iChilollovsky. Uhlalutyo lweembali kunye neengxelo zembali zexesha elidlulileyo aluniki naluphi na ukucaca: umlambo njengokungathi "wanyamalala" ukubonakala kwabantu abantu amashumi eminyaka. Ngexesha elide, kwaneqela leembali-mlando, liqinisekile "kwi-Independent" yePochayny ukusuka kwiDnieper, yabonakala.
Umqhubi nomphenyi wembali yomlambo wamandulo u-Annabel Morina ukholelwa ukuba iimbali-mlando zikwazi ukuza kudibanisa:
"Amanzi amaninzi aphuma kummandla osentshona ukusuka entshona, kungekhona empumalanga, apho iDnieper ihamba khona. Le ngxelo yomlambo iVoditsa, ithathwa njengelungelo lokuqala elifanelekileyo lePochayna. Lo ngumsila, i-Linnet, i-Chicken Brod, i-Zapadinka, ii-Syrets. Ngendlela, kwimaphu ka-1695 elungiselelwe nguLieutenant-Colonel Ushakov ngesicelo sikaPetros I, kubonakala indlela i-Syrets ihamba ngayo kwiLake Dolgoe (iKirillovskoe), apho iPochayna yayixhunyiwe khona. Kwindawo yomda we-Khreshchatyk wemvelo, kwindawo esecaleni kwikholam yeMthetho waseMagdeburg, unokubona isibhengezo lesikhumbuzo ngamagama athi ngo-988 uRub wabhaptizwa kwi-confluence ye-Dnieper ne-Pochaina. "
Kwaye emva koko iPochayna kunye nabo bonke babonakala bekhetha ukunyamalala emehlweni abantu. Kwankulungwane yeXIX kwakungesiqithi esikhulu, sahlula kwiDnieper long oblique. Ngesinye isikhathi ekufikeleleni kwayo ephezulu kwakukho iinqanawa elidala lasendulo, eliye laphuculwa ngakumbi ngoncedo lwenkqubo yomsele. Olu hlobo lokugqibela lubekwe ngo-1712 ukulungiselela ukufikelela kwiinqanawa ezisemhlabeni.
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lemashumi amabini, xa ukholo lwabantu kumagunya aphezulu luwa, iPochayna yaqala ukuba yintlanzi. Ukwakhiwa kweNqanawa yoMlambo waseNyakatho yaqala, unqumla umlambo oqhelekileyo ovela kwichweba. Ngama-70s, amasebe aseleyo omlambo aqala ukulala, nangona kubhikishi lwabahlali bendawo. Ukusuka emlanjeni kwakukho kuphela iLake Opechen - kwaye ke, ngenxa yodonga olubekwe kakuhle. I-Pochayna "ishiye" phantsi komhlaba, ibe yinkqubo yamachibi aphantsi komhlaba, apho kuphuma khona umlambo omncinci kummandla weMoscow Avenue. Abantu ekugqibeleni bacaphukisa umlambo omkhulu, bewunikela isimo "seendawo zobuchwepheshe."
Kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, abaphuhlisi baseKiev baqala ukugxininisa ukuba kwakungekho iPhochayny. U-Annabelle waqokelela abasebenzayo ukuba bavimbe indlela endleleni yomlambo wemvelo. Amavolontiya ayenze uPochayny angene kwiirejista kunye neemephu, kunye nokukhusela ekubhujisweni. UAnnabel ubeka isenzo sakhe ngolu hlobo:
"Akufuneki sibe sisizukulwana esiya kugqiba umlambo."
Ngokucacileyo, ngokubulela kulo mlambo wambonisa ngo-2017 ummangaliso omtsha, malunga nentombazana sele ixelele ngayo umshicileli:
"Ngomthendeleko wokubhaptizwa, ngobusuku ngoJanuwari 18-19, amanzi azingcweliswa emlanjeni wasePochayna kunye nelibi laseJordan, elisebhedeni layo elidala. Ngethuba lokuqala kwiminyaka emininzi yokuthotyelwa. Ndaye ndaza ndahlamba. Kwakunomvakalelo ongaqhelekanga, onamandla kwaye oqaqambileyo. Kwaye ngengomso sibona indlela yangoku iguqulwa ngayo ePochayne ... Izimangaliso zisondele, zifanelekile ukuphawula, kwaye ihlabathi liguqulelwe ngokukhawuleza. "