Uhlalutya kwiimpawu ezivakalayo kubantwana - ubugcisa be-laboratory obuvumela ukuba ufumene i-substance apho umzimba uphatha kakubi. Ukwanda komzwelo akunakwenzeka nje ukudala ukungahambi kakuhle, ukugqithisa umgangatho wobomi, kodwa kukhokelela ekufeni. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukuvavanywa kwamanzi kubaluleke kakhulu. Inika ulwazi olupheleleyo malunga nesistim somzimba somntwana.
Ndingazi njani ukuba i-allergies ingumntwana?
Ukukrokrela ukuba inyama yentsana iphendula ngokungalunganga kwizinto ezithile, abazali bangakwazi nokuba ngaphambi kokutyelela ugqirha. Ukugweba ukwehluleka kuya kunceda iimpawu ezinjalo:
- ukukrazula ;
- ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosa yamanzi;
- impumlo ye-runny (imfihlelo enobuninzi isabelwe kakhulu);
- ukugqithisa isikhumba;
- izindebe ezivuvuzayo;
- iinyembezi emehlweni;
- ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokutya;
- ukubetha;
- ukuvuvukala kweebhokhwe;
- ukucima.
Zonke ezi zimpawu zisebenza njenge-alarm alarm. Simele sihambe kwangoko kwinqanaba labantwana, oya kuthi, emva kokuhlolisisa umntwana, uya kunikezela ukuthunyelwa kwi-allergenist. Le ngcali iza kunika iimvavanyo zebhoratri eziyimfuneko. Uyazi ngokucacileyo indlela yokufumanisa ukuba ingxaki engakanani kumntwana , kunye nendlela yokumisa ukuphendula okunjalo kwenyama. Zininzi iintlobo zophando:
- iimvavanyo zegazi;
- iimvavanyo zesikhumba;
- ukuxilongwa kwe-inhalation;
- vavanyo;
- i-nasal allergodiagnosis;
- indlela yokubhala.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngenxa yezilwanyana ezingabantwana
Isifundo esinjalo sininzi. Iqala ngokunikezelwa kokuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele. Kuthathwa kwisisu esingenalutho. Ekubeni kwindlela eyenziwa ngumzimba womzimba, isiphumo sibonisa inani elongeziweyo le-eosinophil (ngaphezulu kwama-5%). Nangona kunjalo, izibonakaliso ezifanayo ziyakubonwa ukuba umntwana unesifo se-parasitic. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo lwenziwe ukufumanisa i-allergen kubantwana. Kule sifundo, inani le-immunoglobulin lichongiwe.
Le ndlela isekelwe kwinto yokuba emva kokungena kwe-allergen emzimbeni, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sisisombululo. Kulo xesha, iiprotheyini ezikhethekileyo, i-immunoglobulins, zenziwe ngokugqithiseleyo. Injongo zala ma-agent kubona izinto zangaphandle kwaye ziyabatshabalalisa. Ukuba umzimba uphendule ngokukhawuleza, i-hemostasis yovavanyo lwezilwanyana ziya kubonisa ukuba khona kwe-IgE immunoglobulin. Xa iimpendulo zenzeka emva kweeyure ezimbalwa okanye ngosuku, iiproteni ze-IgG4 zifunyanwa kwigazi lomntwana.
Izikhumba zesikhumba
Ezi vavanyo zibhekwa njengendlela efikelelekileyo, ekhuselekileyo neyochanekileyo yokuchonga izinto ezikhuselekileyo. Iimpawu zokuziphatha kwazo:
- krokrelwa utywala ;
- ukuba esinye sezihlobo sibhekene novelwano olunjalo;
- I-Allergoproby yezidakamizwa zenziwe ngaphambi kokuba kuqeshwe iyeza elitsha.
Ngaphambi kokuqhuba izilwanyana kubantwana, ugqirha uya kuqwalasela ezi zinto zilandelayo:
- yobudala bomntwana;
- ingaba zikhona izilwanyana;
- Ngaba ingcinezelo kunye nenjabulo akuzange kulandelelanise ukuqala kokuphendula?
- zingaphi iimpawu ezibonakalayo (zonyaka okanye zonyaka);
- apho imeko ibuhlungu (ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle).
Ziza njani izilwanyana kubantwana?
Zonke iimvavanyo ze-immunological ziyakwazi ukwahlukana ngokwemimiselo ngamaqela alandelayo:
- Ukuchaneka - i-allergen isetyenziselwa isikhumba esikhanyisiweyo. Ngokusekelwe kwisiphumo, isiphetho sithatyathwa malunga nokuba yiphi into echanekileyo eyenza ukuphendulwa komzimba.
- Ukuziphatha okukhuthazayo xa iziphumo zeemvavanyo ezichanekileyo kunye neempawu ezihambelanayo azihambisani.
- Ngengqiqo - umntwana ujojowe ngaphantsi komntu onomsindo, kwaye emva koko - i-serum, evumela ukubonakalisa ubukhulu bokubaluleka komzimba kule ndawo. Ukuphendula kuthintela ukuba kuyingozi kangakanani imeko.
Ukwazi indlela yokwenza izifo, kunye nokuqwalasela ubuncinane bomntwana, ugqirha uya kubeka uviwo olufanelekileyo. Ngexesha elifanayo uya kubaxelela abazali ngentsana inzuzo kunye nokungalunganga kweemvavanyo. Iimvavanyo zesikhumba zithathwa njengoluphando oluchanekileyo nolwazi olufikelelekayo Ukungahambi kwabo kubandakanya ukuxhatshazwa kunye nobude bexesha lokufunda. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuthatha ixesha elingaphantsi. Ukongezelela, umntwana akaqhagamshelani ngqo ne-allergen. Ukungalunganga kwile ndlela yindleko ephezulu.
I-Allergoproobs - ukususela ngaphi?
Xa ukhethwa uviwo, ugqirha uyayicinga ukuba uninzi kangakanani iminyaka epheleleyo. Xa besenza izigqibo, zikhokelwa yizincomo ezinjalo:
- Ukuvavanywa kweemvavanyo zokuqala - ukususela kwiminyaka emihlanu;
- hematost - ukususela ekuzalweni.
Ukulungiselela ukuhlalutya kwizinto ezivakalayo kumntwana
Kuloluphando kuyimfuneko ukufikelela ngokufanelekileyo.
Abazali kubalulekile kusengaphambili ukulungiselela umntwana kwinkqubo, equka:
- Khusela umntwana iintsuku ezintathu phambi kokuvavanya ukunyamezela ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
- Iveki ngaphambi kokuba isifundo esicetywayo siyeke ukuthabatha ama- antihistamines .
- Uhlalutyo lwezilwanyana kumntwana unyaka kwaye abo badala bayenziwa kwisisu esingenalutho. Ukuba uvavanyo lwesikhumba luyenziwa, umntwana kufuneka atywe phambi kwenkqubo.
Ukuthabatha uvavanyo lwezilwanyana
Uvavanyo olulolo hlobo lwenziwa esibhedlele, apho uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo lunokunikwa xa luyimfuneko. Ezi mvavanyo ezichanekileyo zokufumana izifo kubantwana zenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Ulusu luphathwa ngotywala, emva koko luvunyelwe ukuba lume.
- Yenza uphawu lokumakisha nomnxeba okhethekileyo we-hypoallergenic.
- Faka isicelo kwizinto zokulawula isikhumba (i-antihistamine kunye ne-saline solutions).
- Ngokutsho kwamakishi, i-allergen ehla.
- Khangela isikhumba okanye wenze i-puncture.
- Emva kwemizuzu engama-20 ugqirha uvavanya imeko yeesampuli kwaye wenza isigqibo sakhe.
- Uhlalutyo oluphindaphindiweyo lwezilwelo luyenziwa emva kweeyure ezingama-24-48.
Ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi lwenziwa, igazi lithathwa kwi-vein. Thatha kufika kwi-15 ml ye-liquid. Inkqubo ibonakala njengale:
- I-tourniquet isetyenziswe.
- Isiza sokutshitshiswa siyacinywa ngotywala.
- Igazi lisetyenziswe.
- Kwisayithi yokugqithisa isetyenzisiwe uboya bekotoni obunxiliswe ngotywala.
- Khubaza i-tourniquet.
- Ingalo iya kugcinwa kwi-elbow enye imizuzu emihlanu.
Inkcazo yezilwanyana
Emva kweziphumo ze-hematologic ziya kuba zilungele iintsuku ezi-3-7. Ukumisela ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngenxa yezilwanyana ezivuthwayo kubantwana kuqhutyelwa ingqalelo kwi-standard standard of immunoglobulins:
- ukususela ekuzaleni ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-3 - 0-2 IU / ml;
- ukususela kwiinyanga ezine ukuya kwezi-6 - 3-10 IU / ml;
- ukususela kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kunyaka - 8-20 IU / ml;
- ukususela kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwe-4-10-20 IU / ml;
- ukususela kwiminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwe-6-15-60 IU / ml.
Uhlalutyo lohlalutyo lwezilwanyana ezifakwe kwindlela echanekileyo liqikelelwa ngale ndlela:
- ezimbi;
- ngathandabuzo;
- buthathaka;
- ezilungileyo;
- ngokuchanekileyo;
- kakhulu kakhulu.
Uluhlu lwezixhobo zokuvavanya abantwana
Zonke izinto-abacekisi bangabelana ngokwahlukileyo ngamaqela:
- Ukutya ukutya - izilwanyana , izilwanyana zasemanzini, ubisi, inyama kunye njalo njalo. Okokuqala, uhlalutyo lwenziwe ngezinto ezisuka kwiqela lokutya eliphambili (malunga ne-90). Ukuba isiphumo sagqithiselwa ukuba singenalo ulwazi oluncinane, ugqirha ucebisa ukuhlolwa kwe-hematologic.
- Izilwanyana zezilwanyana ezivela kwimvelaphi yezilwanyana - i-fluff, i-saliva, i-wool, ikhava ye-chitin kunye nokutya kwezilwanyana.
- Amachiza - ngokuphindaphindiweyo impendulo ibonakaliswe kumayeza okubulala kunye ne-insulin. Nangona kunjalo, simele sikhumbule ukuba nayiphi na imithi ingayikhupha. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuhlolwa kweemvavanyo zonyango kwi-anesthetics zenziwa ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe inkqubo yokutyanda.
- Abacebisi bemvelaphi yezityalo - i-pollen, i-fluff.
- Iikiti, iifungulu, iimvavanyo zothuli - izilwanyana zasendlini kubantwana zikunceda ukufumanisa ukuvelisa ukwanda komzimba kubo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uvavanyo olude luqhutywa.