Isipinashi, ukukhula kwinto eyaziwayo namhlanje, kwaziswa eSpain evela e-Asia Minor, kwaye kwangoko kwandiswa kwiYurophu. Esi sityalo esilungileyo sokuvuthwa kwentsapho yase-mare siyimveliso ebalulekileyo yokutya yemifuno. Isipinashi yongezwa kwiindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo zeesaladi , zidliwe njengezambatho ezinjengobomvu, njengesitya esisecaleni ukuya kwenyama okanye kwiitya zentlanzi, ngendlela yesobho , kwaye zomiswe njengevumba elimnandi. Amavithamini kuwo onke amaqela eyaziwayo kule sityalo mkhulu kunezinye iifuno. I-Carotene kuyo ifana nekarrot, kunye neprotheni ngu-34%. Isipinashi ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo semvelo, njengama-gram e-esitrasi ashiya ama-milligram esiliva angama-20. Kodwa ayikho i-acids kuyo, efanelekileyo kubantu abaneengxaki zesisu.
Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zesipinashi zi "Victoria", "Giant", "Virofly". Iyokuqala ibonakaliswa ngokukhula komva. Inokucocwa kungaphaya kweentsuku ezingama-35 emva kokutshala isipinashi. Loo sipinashi unendawo ye-rosette ecaleni komhlaba kunye namaqabunga ajikelezileyo. Ngokungafani ne "Victoria", "i-Giant" ehlukahlukeneyo - ukukhula kwasekuqaleni. Izityalo ziye zineziqhamo ezinama-oval, kunye ne-rosette yinto eqhelekileyo. Kwimmeli yeendidi "i-Virofly" i-rosette iphakanyisiwe kwaye iqukethe amaqabunga amakhulu e-ovate.
Ukukhula kwesipinashi
Esi sityalo sinjalo sezityalo ezinqabileyo ezibandayo, ngoko ke kulula ukumelana ne-4-5-degree degrees. I-teknoloji yokukhula kwesipinashi, ehlanganisa ukuhlwayela kwangoko, ikuvumela ukuba unikele ngetafile ngemifuno yokuqala ngo-Epreli. Ngendlela, isipinashi esona sisityebisayo nesondlo sitholakala ngexesha lokusasa kwentwasahlobo. Isipinachi ikhula kakuhle kwiqondo lokushisa lama-15 ukuya kuma-20 Celsius. Kwaye ukuba iqondo lokushisa liphakama xa izinga lokungcola liyehla, ngoko amaqabunga esi sityalo akhula amancinci, okukhokelela ekubanjweni kwangaphambili.
Ngoku malunga nendlela yokuhluma kakuhle isipinashi kwintsimi yakho ukuze udibanise itafile. Isipinachi ihlwayelwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngeetampu zintlanu okanye ezine kumgca we-20 centimeter. Phakathi kwala ma tepi kuyimfuneko ukushiya i-1.5 meter tracks. Kwimitha yesikwere sebhedi oyifunayo 6 amagremu weenbewu. Ngaphambi kokutshala isipinashi, umyezo uvunyiwe (humus, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer).
Inkqubo yokukhulisa isipinashi kunye nokunyamekela izityalo akuyona into elula. Ukuhlenga kunye nokusila kuya kukwanela. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana izityalo ezinamaqabunga amaninzi, amaqabunga amakhulu kunye namanzi amancinci, ngoko ke ngaphandle kokuthambisa okuninzi kunako ukwenza. Akuyimfuneko ukuthoba amahlumela amancinci. Izilwanyana ezisuka kwindawo ezininzi kakhulu kufuneka zisuswe kusasa, ngokukhawuleza ukuba zivele ziqabana ezintathu okanye ezine. Ngexesha leentyantyambo, zonke izityalo zendoda, iintlobo ezingapheliyo kunye nezifo kufuneka zihlambuluke. Kwaye ukucoceka ngokusisiseko ungaqhubeka kunye namaqabunga ama-6-7. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba iintolo zokuqala zivele, isityalo asisayi kubonakalisa ixabiso lokutya. Ukususela kumbhede wamitha, unokufumana iikhilogram enye kunye nesiqingatha sesipinashi.
Ukuba le miqathango yayinokwaneleyo, ke kwiintsuku ezingama-80 imbewu yokuhlwayelwa okulandelayo iya kuvuthwa. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba kuveliswe isivuno, imbewu ingavunwa. Bahlala behluma ixesha elide-ukuya kwiminyaka emine.
Izifo kunye nezinambuzane
Isipinashi isifo sinokusuleleka kwi-root rot and mildew. Emaqabini aphezulu uya kuphawula amabala aphuzi, kunye nakwinqanaba elisezantsi-luhlaza nge-purple hue. Iingambuzane, ininzi yazo yonke isipinashi ikhupha i-miner fly, ibeke phantsi kwamagqabi amaqanda. Izibungu zidla amaqabunga. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo, isipinashi sesityalo kude nemibhede, apho i-beet ikhula, ikhangele iimpukane ze-miner.