Enye yezona ndlela endala zokuphatha izifo zokuphefumula ukuphuza umphunga wamaphule atyathwa ngamachiza. Intuthuko yezokwelapha zanamhlanje ziye zenza ukuba inhalation iphumelele ngakumbi ngenxa yokuveliswa kwe-nebulizers. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezinjalo kuphephile nakubantwana abancinci.
Ukukhwehlela ngokukhawuleza - Izizathu
Zonke iintsholongwane ezithintekayo zendlela yokuphefumula zihamba kunye nesifo esichazwe. Kukho ezinye izizathu zokuba kukho ukukhwehlela owomileyo:
- ukutshaya ixesha elide;
- laryngitis ;
- i-asthma ye-bronchial ;
- i-tracheitis;
- ingress yezinto zangaphandle kunye nezinto kwiindawo zokuphefumula;
- izihlamba ezinobungozi kunye nezibi;
- ukuguquka;
- bronchitis ;
- ukukhwehlela;
- pleurisy;
- ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinto ezinobuthi;
- iimpendulo ezithintekayo;
- isifo esingenasifo sokuphefumula;
- pneumonia;
- isifo senhliziyo;
- cystic fibrosis;
- iziganeko eziqhubekayo kwixesha elide emva kokusebenza kunye nezinye izinto.
Ngaba ndiyakwenza inhalation ngomkhuhlane owomileyo?
Indlela echazwe ngayo yonyango inceda ukunciphisa imisipha yeentsundu zokuphefumula, ukuxubha iimbumba kunye nokukhutshiswa, kukhuthaza ukuhluthwa kwe-muscus ehambelayo. Ngaphambi kokuqhuba inkqubo kubalulekile ukubuza ugqirha weentsapho okanye ugqirha ukuba uphefumle ngokukhwehlela owomileyo kwimeko ethile. Iindlela ezinjalo zineenkcukacha ezingqinelanayo:
- ukuxhomekeka kwimiba yeempumlo;
- ukuvutha okukhulu;
- iinkqubo ezihlambulukileyo;
- izinga lokushisa lomzimba;
- emphysema yemiphunga;
- isifo sofuba;
- xi nzelelo;
- izifo ezinesifo senhliziyo.
Nangona iingxaki ezibhalwe apha zingabikho, kubalulekile ukubonisana neengcali malunga neziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukulungiselela umbane. Ikhuselekile kakhulu inhalation kunye nomkhuhlane owomileyo ngamanzi amaminerali okanye i-saline. Banikezela ngokukhawuleza kunye nokunciphisa iimbumba ze-mucous, ukuphelisa ukucaphukisa kunye nokuququzelela ukuphuma kwe-sputum, ukukhawuleza kwe-expectoration.
Ziziphi iimpembelelo ezenzayo nokukhwehlela omile?
Kukho iindlela ezi-2 zeenkqubo ezicetywayo. Ukufakelwa kweengxaki zokunyanga komzimba ekhaya kungenziwa ngexhobo ezikhethekileyo (nebulizer) okanye ngokusebenzisa umphunga wamanzi ashisayo. Indlela yokuqala yokunyanga yinkqubo ekhuselekile kakhulu kwaye ifanelekileyo unyango lwabantu abaneembrane ezinqabileyo ezinqabileyo, abantwana abasenkulisa kunye nabantwana.
Inhalation yi-nebulizer
Isixhobo sesimanje senza iqondo lokushisa likamanzi kunye neengqungquthela zonyango ngokusebenzisa umoya ocinezelweyo okanye i-ultrasound. Ezi zimbonakalo kunye nokukhwehlela oomileyo kungabandakanyi umngcipheko wokutshisa kunye nefuthe lokuphefumula. Ukuqhekeza isisombululo ngaphandle kokubilisa kunceda ukugcina zonke iimpawu zonyango zamalungiselelo, ezinokuthi zinyamalale okanye zinciphise emva kokufudumeza.
Isixhobo senza amafu asemachiza aqulethe amaqhekeza echithwa ngokukhawuleza, aqinisekisa ukuba ukungena kwawo ngokukhawuleza kuzo zonke iindawo zomphunga kunye ne-bronchi. Ukufakelwa kwesisu kunye ne-nebulizer eyomileyo kuqhutyelwa usebenzisa imaski okanye i-tube-mouthpiece. Ukuze unyango lweintsana, unokwenza nje ubeke umatshini osebenzayo ngexesha elifutshane emva komntwana.
Ukunyuswa kwamanzi
Ukwenza uhlobo oluchaziweyo lokuphatha kakubi alufunanga izixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Ukufudumala nokufudumala kwamanzi okukhwehlela kukubonisa ukufudumeza amanzi kwindawo ebilayo kwaye ungeze kuwo amayeza, ukunyuka kwamagciwane okanye amafutha abalulekileyo. Iinqununu zezilwanyana ezikhethiweyo zifakwe zii-molecule zamanzi kwaye zifake imiphunga kunye ne-bronchi ngokuphalaza. Ingqungquthela evezweyo yokufuthwa ngokukhwehlela owomileyo kulula ukwenza ngaphandle kwenkqubo nge-nebulizer, kodwa kubalulekile ukubeka iliso lokushisa kwesisombululo. Ukuba i-steam ishushu kakhulu, i-inhalation yayo inokubangela ukutshiswa kweembrane ezinqabileyo.
Yintoni enokuyenza inhalation kunye nomkhuhlane owomileyo?
Ukukhethwa kwamachiza kuxhomekeke kubunzima beempawu ezikulo mbuzo kunye nesibangeleko saso. Kucetyiswa ukuba ugqirha ucebise ukuba yintoni ukuyenza inhalation kunye nokukhwehlela owomileyo, ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zoviwo, i-laboratory okanye izixhobo ze-instrumental. Ukuzilawula ngokuzimela kwamachiza anamachiza, ngakumbi i-antibiotics kunye ne-horticone ye-corticosteroid, kunokukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi kunye nemiphumo emibi.
Ukulungiselela ukuphucula
Indlela ephakanyisiweyo yokwelapha isetyenziselwa ukuphucula i-sputum kwaye iququzelele ukususwa kwayo kwindlela yokuphefumula. Oku kuncedwa yi-bronchodilators ye-inhalation ne-nebulizer. Ukongezelela, banciphisa ukucaphukisa kwi-larynx, bayeke iinkqubo ezivuthayo kunye nokuyeka okwesikhashana intlungu yesifo. Iingcali zisoloko zichaza ukuvuthwa kwe-Berodualom kunye nomkhuhlane owomileyo, kodwa inokuthi ithatyathelwe ngamanye ama-bronchodilators:
- Salgim;
- Berotek;
- Trent;
- Ventolin ;
- Bering;
- Fortulen;
- Nebutamol;
- USalvobent;
- Zafiron
- Tussamag kunye nabanye.
Amayeza adwelisweyo ayimfuneko kwizifo ezinzulu zendlela yokuphefumula, ehamba kunye nokukhwehlela okubuhlungu kunye neenkqubo eziphazamisayo kwimiphunga okanye kwi-bronchi. Ukuba uphawu oluchazwe luvela kwimvelaphi yokugula okuphefumulayo okanye i-hypothermia (kubanda), kungcono ukumisa nje iimbumba ezinqabileyo. Ngenxa yoko, ukutyumba kwekhaya kunye nesisombululo saline kunconywa ukukhwehlela owomileyo okanye i-alkaline yamaminerali yamanzi, umzekelo, uBorjomi.
Iiseshoni zeBronchodilating zingadibaniswa neenkqubo eziqinisekisa ukukhawuleza kwe-expectoration kunye ne-excretion ye-sputum (imizuzu engama-20 emva kokuphathwa kokuqala). Ukufuthwa ngokutsha kunye neLazolvanom ukukhwehlela komzimba okanye iziyobisi ezifanayo:
- Ambrogen ;
- Fluimucil;
- Mukaltin;
- Pertussin;
- ATSTS kunye neempawu ezifanayo.
Kwiimeko ezinzima, ngokuchasene nokuhlaselwa kwesifo se-asthmatic okanye ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kweempendulo, ukusetyenziswa kwezicombululo nge-antihistamine kunye ne-glucocorticosteroids kunceda:
- Dexamethasone;
- Pulmicort;
- Cromohexal.
Ukuba iinkqubo ezinobungqingili bebhaktheriya ziyafunyaniswa, ukufakelwa okongezelelweyo kweempawu kunye ne-antimicrobial medication okanye i-antiseptics kuya kufuneka:
- Furacilin;
- Dioxydin;
- Miramistin;
- Gentamicin;
- Chlorophyllipt;
- Rotokan;
- Tonzylgon H;
- Malawi.
Xa i-bronchoconstriction eqinile iqala okanye i-edema ye-laryngeal iyakubonwa, kukho ukucetyiswa kwezinto eziphuculweyo, ezibandakanya ukuvuthwa kwe-decongestants kunye ne-vasodilators:
- Epinephrine;
- Naphthysine;
- Adrenaline.
Iifom zokutyumba
Izicatshulwa zendalo kunye ne-decoctions nazo zivelisa umphumo ochaziweyo, xa kuthelekiswa nezixazululo eziphathekayo ze-pharmacological. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, nayiphi na intsapho yokuphuza umphunga kunye nokukhwehlela owomileyo kubalulekile ukudibanisa nogqirha. Ukusetyenziswa ngokuzimeleyo kwezilwanyana zamakhelo ezikhethiweyo ezingafanelekanga kunokudambisa umsebenzi wendlela yokuphefumula.
Ukuququzelela ukukhwehlela owomileyo nokukhawuleza ukukhupha umxube, ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza okanye amalungiselelo amazinyo asetyenziswayo (2 iipunipoon nge-1 indebe yamanzi abilayo, ukumnika-imizuzu engama-20):
- eucalyptus;
- calendula;
- umthi utywala;
- sage;
- Wort St. John's wort;
- isinki;
- iqhosha;
- unina nomama;
- yarrow;
- iingcambu zelayisensi;
- i thyme;
- i thyme;
- thermopsis;
- i-anise;
- althea ingcambu;
- plantain;
- elderberry;
- gentian;
- sirrel;
- verbena.
Iifowuni zokufumba
Izilwanyana ezilinywayo zisetyenziselwa ngokubambisana namanzi ashushu ukuze i-steam egcweleyo efudumele ifakwe kwiphepha lokuphefumula. Ekuqaleni kuyimfuneko ukubuza umgqirha ukuba iziphi izifo ezingenziwa ngomkhuhlane owomileyo. Amanye amafutha anesifo esiqinileyo kwaye angabangela i-edema ye-laryngeal, aqinise ukuvuvukala, athukuthele iimbumba ezinqabileyo kwaye avuselele ukuma kwawo.
Izilwanyana eziphambili kunye ezikhuselekileyo (2-3 amanconsi nge-0.7-1 ilitha amanzi):
- umthi weti;
- iqhosha;
- eucalyptus;
- lavender;
- thuya;
- ipini;
- fir;
- msedare;
- peppermint;
- qhumiso;
- i cypress;
- umnyama omnyama;
- i-cardamom;
- rosemary;
- i-anise.
Amakhambi asekhaya asele
Ukuba awunayo amayeza akhethekileyo, iifom zokwelapha kunye neoli efunekayo, unako ukuphucula loo mveliso ngemveliso ethe xaxa elula ukuyifumana kwiikhikhishini. Inketho elula - ukuphuza iifatata ezinomkhuhlane omile. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokubilisa izibindi, kufuneka uphefumle i-steam ephakamileyo ngaphezu kwepen, igubungele intloko yakho ngehawula.
Omnye umrhumo wekhaya usulela ukutshatyalaliswa kwentsholongwane kunye nomkhuhlane owomileyo nge-saline okanye ngamaminerali. Xa ungeze kwi-1 litre yamanzi abilayo 3 tbsp. Iipuni ze-baking soda zivelisa i-alkaline liquid with properties. I-10 minute minute inhalation iyakunceda ukunciphisa iimbumba ezinamaqabunga, ukuphucula kunye nokuququzelela i-expectoration. Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo ziya kuqinisekisa ukukhutshwa okukhawulezileyo kunye ne-excretion ye-sputum eninzi.
Ukuchaneka ngokufanelekileyo ukuyenza inhalation?
Xa sele ukhethe amayeza afanelekileyo ekusebenzisweni, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yokuphunyezwa kwayo. Ukulandelelana kwezenzo kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yenkqubo kunye nokuxilongwa. Isisombululo sokufuthwa komkhuhlane owomileyo kunye nebulizer kufuneka sibe sebushushu bendima kunye nokuxilongo. Ukuba kufuneka uphefumle i-steam, kufuneka uhlolisise ukhuseleko lwayo (amanzi akufanele aphephe), ukwenzela ukuba ungaqhubi. Kukho iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo zonyango olubhekiselele kulo.
Indlela yokwenza inhalation yomoya?
Kwiiyure eziyi-1-1,5 ngaphambi kokuqala kokonyango, kungcono ukuphepha nokusela nasiphi na isiselo. Ixesha lokufuthwa kwe-soda kunye nokukhwehlela oomileyo yikota yeyure (ubuninzi), ngenxa yeendlela ezisele ezongezelelweyo zonyango - imizuzu emi-3-5. Emva kokusetyenziswa, musa:
- intetho;
- kukho;
- ukutshaya;
- ukusela itiye;
- uphuma waya kwisitalato;
- kucula;
- ukuhleka.
Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala zentsholongwane yesifo sokuphefumula, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze iinkqubo 4-5 ngosuku. Inhalation kunye nomkhuhlane owomileyo ongenayo ngaphandle kwe-expectoration, kunye nempawu ezibonakalayo zokukhupha umoya, kungcono ukuqhuba ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukuya kumaxesha angama-8-9 ngosuku. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuphelisa imeko, unokunciphisa inani leendlela.
Indlela yokwenza i-nebulizer ye-inhalation ekhaya?
Ukwenza iinkqubo ngoncedo lwefowuni ekhethekileyo kuncitshiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokufumaneka kwemigaqo ecacileyo kwisixhobo. Ukufakelwa komzimba kunye nomkhuhlane we-nebulizer owomileyo kunye ne-saline okanye ezinye izifo zonyango zenziwa rhoqo imihla, ukuya kuma-3 amaxesha ngosuku. Ixesha lokunyanzelisa lilinganiselwe ngumlinganiselo weziyobisi, ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokupheleleyo kubakho malunga nemizuzu eyi-8-10. Kubalulekile ukugcina ingqalelo imilinganiselo ephakanyisiweyo yamachiza akhethiweyo, ukuphefumula ngomlomo wakho, ngokunyanisekileyo nangakumbi.