Ukushisa kweSwitzerland akuvuli nje izityalo, kodwa kubusika kuzo izibungu zezinambuzane kunye ne-spores zefungi. Ukungabonakaliyo ekuqaleni, baqala ukusebenza, kubangela ukulahlekelwa okupheleleyo okanye okuncinane kwintsimi. Ukulahla abamelwane abangamkelwayo, unyango olulungileyo lwama-strawberries entwasahlobo ezivela kwizifo kunye nezilwanyana ezinambuzane zibeka isiseko sokuvuna okuhle.
Ukunyangwa kwempuphu yee-strawberries ezivela kwiinyanyakazi nezifo
Ukucocwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo kufuneka kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza ukuba izityalo zihlanjululwe ikhephu kunye nesimo sezulu eshushu:
- Yonke into iqala ngokucoca - iibhedi kufuneka zihlanjululwe ngamagqabi awileyo, iindawo ezifa ze-strawberry bush, njl njl. Kodwa unokunqumla amagqabi omnyaka odlulileyo kuphela emva kokubonakala kwezinto ezintsha, uzama ukungonakali intliziyo yehlathi. Ukuqokelela udoti kutsha, kutshitshiswa ukuba kungabikho ukusabalalisa izifo ezibangelwa zizifo kunye nezilwanyana eziphazamisayo kwisayithi.
- Umhlaba kwisityalo se-strawberry, ukukhululwa kwinqabana lonyaka odlulileyo, ukhululiwe, ususe umqubhethi obekwe ngaphambili. Oku akuthi nje kunokufaka isandla ekutshiseni kwenkqubo yeengcambu kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweentlobo, kodwa kunceda ukukrazula isabelo seengonyama ezinambuzane ezinobungozi kunye nezifo eziphilayo ezikhetha ukonakala kunye nokutya okunomsoco kubusika.
- Ukutyala kutyiliswa kakuhle ngamanzi afudumele ahlambulukileyo, kwaye emva koko uphathwa ngekhambi elikhethiweyo ngokwemiyalelo. Ngonyango khetha usuku lokuzola, ungabi yimvula, kodwa aluyi kukhanya.
Yintoni yokutshiza ama-strawberries entwasahlobo evela kwiinyanyakazi?
I-strawberries-berry ediziwayo neyothambileyo ayithandi kuphela ngabantu, kodwa kunye neenambuzane ezinobungozi ezininzi: i-weevil beetle, i-drooling-penny, i-nematode, isicirpite . Abaninzi babo baqala imisebenzi yabo yokuphangazela ngokukhawuleza xa umhlaba womhlaba uhlahlela ukuya kwi-8 ° C kwaye ixesha lokuqala alinakuqhelaniswa nomgadi wegadi. Xa iziphumo "zesabatha" ziqala ukubamba isohlo, unyango lwama-strawberries entwasahlobo ezivela kwizifo kunye nezilwanyana ezinambuzane alusebenzi kakuhle - inambuzane inexesha lokufudukela kwizityalo ezingummelwane okanye ukuya kwinqanaba elincinci lokuphuhliswa.
Ama-berries ama-strawberry amancinci, akakwazi ukucoceka ngokupheleleyo izinto eziwa phantsi. Ukukhetha into yokuphatha i-strawberries kwiintlekele kukukhetha ukhetho oluninzi kunye nokukhuselekileyo kubantu kuthetha: urea, ammonia, iodine, i-peroxide, i-manganese. Nangona kubonakala kukuqala, ukusetyenziswa kwezi mphulo zasekhaya zoshishini-khemikhali kunika umphumo omuhle, ukutshabalalisa izibungu zamabhungane kunye nezibungu, i-spores zefungi.
Ukunyangwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo kunye ne-ammonia
Isichemisi esingabizi kakhulu seyeza, i-ammonia ifumane isicelo sayo kunye nemibhede ye-strawberries. Ukunyangwa kwama-strawberries kunye ne-ammonia kunceda ukujamelana nokuhlaselwa kwe-May beetle, i-nematode, ukunciphisa umsebenzi we-spores fungal kunye nokugqoka okulungileyo. Ukufumana isisombululo sokusebenza, kuyimfuneko ukuxuba enye i-ammonia (10% i-ammonia, 40 ml) kwi-10 ilitha amanzi. Thele iibhokhwe ukusuka ekutheni amanzi kunye nefafaza, uzama ukufumana isisombululo kwiqabunga ngalinye. Umhlaba emva kokuba unyango lwama-strawberries entwasahlobo ezivela kwizifo kunye neentlanzi zibhetele kangcono nge- mulch straw.
Ukucwangcisa ama-strawberries entwasahlobo kunye ne-urea
Ngethuba lokukhula okukhulayo kufuneka izitrogen. Gcwalisa ukusilela kwayo kwaye uqinise ukuchasene nokuhlaselwa okuhlukahlukeneyo kunceda ukutshiza ama-strawberries nge-urea . Umbane osebenzayo ulungiselelwe ukusuka kwipunipo 1 ye-urea kwibhakethi nganye yamanzi. Ukunyango kuqhutywe ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhlanjululwa kwentwasahlobo. Kubalulekile ukuba ngeli xesha ingozi yeqabunga ephindaphindiweyo idlulile, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa unyango lwe-strawberries entwasahlobo ezivela kwizifo kunye neentlobo, i-urea iya kukhokelela ekufeni kweentlobo ze-strawberry.
Ukunyangwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo kunye ne-iodine
Umtsalane ukuba athabathe amajikijolo amnandi, i-weevil beetle iqala umsebenzi wayo wokuhlambalaza uhlala ngaphakathi kweentyatyambo zeentyatyambo kwaye uyidle ngaphakathi. Khusela isivuno esizayo kuya kunceda unyango lwama-strawberries nge-iodine. Yenziwa ngamanqanaba amabini. Ekuqaleni, imibhede ihlambulukileyo yamagqabi endala kunye nezinye iindawo ezingcolileyo, kwaye amanzi amaninzi ahlambulukileyo, kwaye xa ixutywe ngokupheleleyo - amanzi kunye nokongezwa kwe-iodine (isiqingatha sepasipi nge 10 litres). Kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kwalokhu, ukupomfa ngesisombululo se-iodine-soap (0.5 ithisipuni ye-iodine, isepha encinane yokuhlamba, 10 ilitha amanzi).
Ukunyangwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo kunye ne-sulfate yethusi
Njengezinye izityalo ezininzi, ama-strawberries anelungelo lokufumana izifo ezifayo-i- gray gray , powdery isikhutha, isikhala. Ukujongana nale miphumo, unyango lwentwasahlobo lwe-strawberries kunye ne-sulfate yobhedu. Ekubeni loo nto inobundlobongela, inako ukutshisa amaqabunga, isetyenziselwa umxube nge-lime slaked (i-Bordeaux liquid). Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-vitriol ngokucophelela ngendlela ecocekileyo, ukuze ungalonakalisi i-strawberry imifino. Ukulungiselela isisombululo sokusebenza, nciphisa igramu ezili-100 zenkunkuma kwi-10 ilitha zamanzi uze ucofe ngenyameko nganye ihlathi.
Unyango lwama-strawberries kwi-permanganate ye-potassium
I-permanganate yePotassium, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-permanganate ye-potassium, ifumaneka kunaliphi ikhabhinethi yeyeza. Abagadi bezabizi-balimi bavavanya iipropati zabo zokubulala ii-disinfecting kwaye basebenzisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwemithi. Ukunyangwa kwama-strawberries kunye ne-potassium permanganate ikhusela izityalo ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane, ukwandisa ukuchasana kwabo kwiintsholongwane kunye nefungi, kwaye ikhuthaza umhlaba. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela isisombululo esipheleleyo se-potassium permanganate kwaye sibaphathise ngamaqabunga amancinci, ukuhlawula ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwingxenye yabo ephantsi.
Unyango lwama-strawberries kwi-spring Bordeaux
I-Bordeaux liquid isumxube we-copper sulfate kunye ne-hydrated lime. Ngenxa yoko, iiprojithali ze-vitriol zihlala zikhona, kodwa ulwaphulo lwayo luyancitshiswa kakhulu. Isisombululo sokusebenza silungiselelwe ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa (i-shelf life 4-5 hours). Unyango lwe-strawberry I-Bordeaux inkunkuma inokwenzeka kwiinguqulelo ezimbini: isisombululo se-1% sisetyenziselwa ukukhusela, kunye ne-4% yokulawula indawo kunye nokubola kwegrey.
Ukunyangwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo kunye ne-hydrogen peroxide
Esinye isilwanyana esivela kwisifuba samachiza ekhaya, i-hydrogen peroxide iyanceda kwakhona kwiibhedi ze-strawberries. Akukhuthazi kuphela ukukhula kweentlobo kunye nokubunjwa kwama-ovari, kodwa kuthintela ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ezithintekayo, ezinokuthi zivuthwe ngokuqhagamshelana ngqo kunye neerberberries zomhlaba. Ukucocwa kwama-strawberries nge-peroxide ye-hydrogen kungenziwa kwintwasahlobo kuphela, kodwa nangethuba lembali. Isisombululo sokutshiza sifakwe kwisilinganiso sepunipoon ye-1 yokulungiselela nganye ilitha yamanzi. Ngeempawu zomonakalo omkhulu wokubola, ukugxininiswa kwithayitha yamanzi kunokunyuka kwiipuni ezi-3 ze-peroxide.
Ukunyangwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo ngamanzi abilayo
Abaxhamli bezolimo bemihlaba baya kuba nomdla ekusebenzeni ama-strawberries ngamanzi abilayo. Le ndlela, engalimazi izityalo okanye umhlaba, ivumela ukuba singonakalisi nje iintlobo zezinambuzane ebusika ehlathini, kodwa kunye ne-spores ye-fungi enobungozi. Elixesha elifanelekileyo lokunyanga okutshisa ama-strawberries entwasahlobo ezivela kwizifo kunye neentlanzi kukuqala kuka-Epreli. Amanzi atyhulwa kwiqondo lokushisa lama-60-70 ° C kwaye ihlathi ngalinye lichithwa, lithatha amaqabunga kuphela, kodwa kunye nomhlaba ojikelezayo. Iinjongo azihluphekanga, kuba zikhuselekile ngokuqinisekileyo ngokungakhange zifudumise umhlaba.