Kulo lonke ixesha lokubeleka umntwana uya kukhula kwaye akhule. Utshintsho oluninzi olwenzeka emzimbeni wakhe, luhlala luchaphazela imeko yezempilo kunye nokubonakala komfazi okhulelweyo. Ngoko, iiveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa zingahamba kunye nokunyuka kokuqala kwamalungu omzimba ngamnye ngenxa yokwanda kwe-somatotropin.
Iiveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa - zezi zingaphi iinyanga?
Abafazi abakhulelweyo baqwalasela yonke imihla yesigxina ngokulindela ukuhlangana kunye nosana lwabo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, eli qela lisetyenziswe ngugqirha ngokusekelwe kwimihla. Ukuqala kokuqala ngumhla wokuqala wokukhutshwa kwenyanga. Efunyenwe ngenxa yezibalo, eli gama libizwa ngokuba yi-obstetric (ihluke kwi-weekly).
Ngokuqhelekileyo, oomama abalindayo bajonga ukukhulelwa kweenyanga. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kukho ubunzima ekuguquleleni iiveki ezichazwe ngugqirha kwiinyanga. Ngokwenza oko, ukuguqulwa kweeveki kwiinyanga zilula, ukwazi izixhobo ezisisiseko zezibalo. Oogqirha bahlala bethatha inyanga elilingana neveki ezi-4, kwaye inani leentsuku kulo li-30, kungakhathaliseki ukuba bangaphi inyanga kwikhalenda. Ngenxa yoko, kubakho iiveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa - iinyanga ezi-4 neveki ezi-3. Emva kweveki, iinyanga ezi-5 ziya kuqala kwaye ukuthobela kuya kufinyelela "kwi-equator".
Iiveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa - kwenzeka ntoni kumntwana?
Ingane kwiveki ye-19 yokukhulelwa ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Kukho utshintsho kwi-CNS - udibaniso phakathi kweeseli zesisombululo zenziwe, umthamo wengqondo ukhula. Ngenxa yoko, iimpendulo ze-reflex ziba nzima kakhulu, umsebenzi we-motor fetus uyanda: ihlala ihamba kunye neemilenze, isondeza isithupha sesandla. Oku kuqinisekiswa yi-ultrasound.
Kukho ukuphucula inkqubo yokutya. Kwimathumbu iqala ukuqokelela i-cal - meconium yasekuqaleni. Iqukethe i-amniotic fluid ehlanjulweyo, eguqula umntwana, kunye namaseli afile emathumbu. Ukuhlanganiswa kwenzeka kuze kube sekupheleni kokukhulelwa, kwaye ukukhutshwa ngaphandle kuya kugcinwa kuphela emva kokuvela komntwana ekukhanyeni. Iingongoku ngeli xesha zibanika umchamo owenziwe kumchamo we-amniotic fluid, apho uphelelwa yinkqubo yomnyoko kamama.
Ubude bomntwana kunye nobukhulu kwiiveki ezingama-19
I-fetus kwiveki ye-19 yokukhulelwa iyaqhubeka ikhula kwaye iyancipha. Isantya sale nkqubo kunye neempawu zezibonakaliso ze-anthropometric zixhomekeke kwixabiso lefa kunye nokutya komama ozayo. Kuboniswa ukuba ukungena kwamanqatha kunye nama-carbohydrate emzimbeni kubangela ukukhawuleza kweethamo zesiqhamo. Abaninzi abafazi abakhulelweyo abanogqirha ogqithiseleyo bancomela ukuba banamathele ekudleni.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukukhula kunye nesisindo se-fetus kuhambelana neempawu zomntu ngamnye zophuhliso. Nangona kunjalo, xa besenza i-ultrasound, oogqirha bawaqwalasela, bethelekisa ubungakanani bomntwana kunye nobude obulindelekileyo bokukhulelwa. Xa kukho iiveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa, ubude obude bomntwana buyi-22-25 cm. Ubunzima bomzimba beza kusasazeka kwaye ngeli xesha li malunga ne-300 g.
Ukukhulelwa kweeveki ezingama-19 - uphuhliso lomntwana
Xa ukhulelwe iiveki ezingama-19, umntwana uqala ukuqala kwisigaba esitsha. Isiganeko esikhulu saleveki kukugqitywa kwendlela yokwakhiwa kwepentecenta. Eli qumrhu liye lasebenza ixesha elide, kodwa ngeli xesha le ngqa ye-circulation of blood forming. Ukususela ngeli xesha, isithintelo se-placental sisebenza ngokupheleleyo, ukukhusela umntwana osuka kwimiphumo yezilwanyana.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-placenta yenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo, apho:
- Ukuphefumula - ukubonelela umntwana nge-oxygen.
- I-Trophic - izinto ezisebenzayo zihanjiswa kwi-fetus nge-placenta.
- Ukukhusela - uhlambulule igazi likaMama ngesithintelo se-hematoplacental.
- IHormonal - ibandakanyeka kwi-synthesis yehommone eziyimfuneko ukukhula komntwana kunye nokukhula kwayo.
Umntwana ubonakala njani kwiiveki ezingama-19?
Ulutsha kwiveki ye-19 yokukhulelwa litshintsha kancane. Isikhumba simbosa sisenomso obomvu, kodwa asinasiphako njengaphambili. Ngaphezulu, i-grease emancinci ibonakala kancane, engakhuseli kuphela isikhumba kwiimpembelelo ze-amniotic fluid, kodwa iphinde ikhuthaze intshukumo ye-fetal ngethuba lokuzalwa ngexesha lokubeletha. Nsuku zonke i-fat layer lay layer yanda. Ngeli xesha, ukuqokelela kwayo kwenzeka kwindawo yezintso, amabele. Uluhlu lwamanqwanqwa angaphantsi komhlaba luya kwanda phezu kwezihlathi, ngenxa yokuba umntwana ubonakala ngathi usana olutsha.
Iiveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa - ukuphazamisa
Iimvenge kwiveki ye-19 yokukhulelwa ziba nzima kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, akubona bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo abanokuvakalelwa ngeli xesha. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpawu ezifanayo kwiiveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa zibhaliswe ngabasetyhini, zithwele umntwana wesibini nolandelayo. Abanqabileyo baqaphela ukuhamba kokuqala komntwana emva kokuphela kweveki. Ngexesha elifanayo, bachaza iimvakalelo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: umntu uthelekisa ekukhanyeni kweentlanzi, umntu-kwi-butterfly.
Isibonakaliso esibalulekileyo sentlalo-ntle kunye nesimo se-fetus ngumlinganiselo wokuphazamiseka awenzayo. Oogqirha bancomela ukulungisa ixesha lomsebenzi ngexesha lomhla nokubala. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lolo lugxininiso lixesha eliphakathi kweeyure eziyi-9 ukuya kwe-19. Umntwana kwiveki ye-19 ngeli xesha kufuneka azive ubuncinane amaxesha angama-10. Ukunciphisa okanye ukunyuka kwesi sixalisi kukubonakaliswa ngokungqalileyo kokuphulwa okusemthethweni kwaye kudinga ukuxilongwa okongeziweyo.
19 Iveki yokukhulelwa - Yintoni eyenzeka kuMama?
Ukuthetha malunga naluphi utshintsho oluhambelana neveki ye-19 yokukhulelwa, kwenzeka ntoni kumzimba womama ozayo, oogqirha baqaphela ukwanda okwenyuka kwindleko. Esi sibonakaliso sincike kwiimeko ezininzi, ngoko kuyahluka. Ngokomyinge, ngeli xesha ubunzima bomzi bobhinqa elikhulelweyo bonyuka ngo-4-5 kg xa kuthelekiswa neyokuqala. Ukongeza, kunokwenzeka ukwandisa amalungu ngamnye omzimba womama ozayo.
Iiveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa zihamba kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza komntwana, okubangelwa ukwanda kwe-hormone ye-somatotropin. Kwakhona kufaka umzimba womama, ukukhawulezisa ukuhlanganiswa kweDNA kunye ne-RNA kwiiseli. Ngenxa yeenkqubo ezinjalo, ngabasetyhini ngabanye bayabona ukwanda kwenani lempumlo, indlebe, iminwe kwiengalo ngeveki ye-19 yokukhulelwa. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba emva kokuzalwa komntwana yonke into ibuyele ejwayelekile kwaye ithatha ubungakanani obufanayo.
Iiveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa - inzwa yowesifazane
Ngexesha lokukhulelwa kweeveki ezingama-19, ukuphuhliswa komntwana kunye nokuva komama olindelekileyo kuhambelana nokuhamba kokuqala komntwana. Ekuqaleni awanakuqonda, banamandla okuba neqondo elide kunye neenxeba, ngoko ke bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo abaziqaphele. Kwisithambiso se-uterine kusekho indawo enkulu yokukhululeka, umntwana usenokuhamba ngokulula kwaye ngokukhawuleza uthinte udonga lwesibindi ngesibambo okanye umlenze. Abafazi abakhulelweyo bayaqaphela ukuba ngeli xesha umntwana unayo i-biorhythms yakhe: ngexesha elithile lomhla usebenza ngamandla, kwelinye - ulala kakhulu.
UBelly ngeveki eyi-19 yokukhulelwa
Isibeleko kwiveki ye-19 yokukhulelwa, ngokuchanekileyo, isiseko sayo siphezulu kwi-18-19 cm ngaphezu kwegama elilodwa. Njengoko umntwana ekhula, umthamo womzimba ukwanda, ikakhulukazi phezulu. Ngeveki nganye, ukuphakama kokuma kwe-uterine fundus kuya kwanda ngo-1 cm. Ukuma kwesisu kuya kuhlala ku-ovoid, inamba iqala ukugxila ngokuthe ngcembe ngenxa yokwanda kwindinganiso.
Ngenxa yokunyuka kwesisu, i-center of gravity changes. Inkazana iqala ukuhamba, ixhomekeke. Ngelo xesha, umfazi wesisu okhulelwe uyaguquka: xa ehamba, ubunzima bonke bomzimba buhambisa umlenze oxhasayo. Ngaphandle, loo nto ibonakala ngodada, kwaye, xa sibona umfazi usuka ngasemva, sinokuthi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba uthwele umntwana.
Ulwabiwo kwiiveki ezingama-19 zesisu
Iveki yeshumi elinesibhozo yokukhulelwa ihamba kunye nokunyuka kwindleko yesisu sokukhulelwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo baninzi kwaye baninzi. Nangona kunjalo, umbala wabo awuguquki. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kulubala olubala okanye olumhlophe lwe-excretion, olungenasiphumo elimnandi (ngamanye amaxesha kukho i-tinge ebonakalayo ebonakalayo). Naluphina utshintsho olumalunga nombala, ukuhambelana, iphunga leemfihlo lifuna ukutyelela ugqirha. Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yokungakhuselekanga kwendawo yendawo, kunokubakho ukunyanzeliswa kwezifo ezingapheliyo ezithintela kakubi.
Ubuhlungu kwiveki ye-19 yokukhulelwa
Xa inyanga yesihlanu yokukhulelwa iphelile, ibhinqa liyakubona ukubonakala kwexesha eliqhelekileyo lokuvakalelwa kwintlungu esezantsi. Nangona kunjalo, azibalulekanga kwaye zifutshane kangangokuthi abaninzi abafazi abakhulelweyo abathinteli ukubaluleka kubo. Yiyo ndlela ukuqeqeshwa ngayo ukulwa . Bamele ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza kwi-myterrium ye-uterine, engakhokelela ekusebenzeni komsebenzi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le nto iphela yodwa xa isikhundla sokukhulelwa komzimba sitshintsha.
Ngokumalunga nokunyuka kwesisindo kunye nobukhulu bomntwana, umthwalo kwimilenze ukwanda. Xa iiveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa, abaninzi abafazi babona ubuhlungu obubuhlungu kwiimfumba zenyama, iinyawo ezomeleza ngokuhlwa, emva kohambo olude okanye umthwalo. Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yenguqulelo, intlungu emva kunye nezantsi iyakwazi. Ukunciphisa ubukhulu beembonakalo zabo, oogqirha bacebisa:
- Phumla ngokubeka umqulo okanye umqulu phantsi kweenyawo zakho, ubapha isikhundla esiphakamileyo.
- Gqoka izicathulo ngesantya esiphantsi, ushiye izithende.
Ukuhlola iiveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa
I-ultrasound yeeveki ezingama-19 zokukhulelwa isifundo sesibini esisigunyaziso (ngokupheleleyo, i-ultrasound yenziwa ubuncinane kathathu ngexesha lokugaya). Inceda ekufumaneni imeko yentsholongwane, iimpawu zophuhliso lwazo, indawo yendawo yokutya, uhlobo kunye nendawo yepentecenta. Ndiyabulela kule ndlela, oogqirha banokuxilonga ukuphazamiseka okunokwenzeka, ukuphuhliswa kophuhliso, ukungabikho komntwana. Ukongezelela, baqwalasela isondo somntwana. Iimiqathango zezikhombisi eziphambili zinikezelwa kwitheyibhile.
Ingozi kwiveki ye-19 yokukhulelwa
I-trimester yesibini idla ngokukhawuleza. Ukuphazamiseka kunye neengxaki ezinzima ngeli xesha azifaneki. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ixesha lokukhulelwa kweeveki ezingama-19 linokuhamba kunye ne-pathology ezifana nokukhulelwa. Ngeliphulo, kukho ukwanda okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ukwehla kwimisebenzi yemoto yengane ezayo, ekufuneka ibe sisizathu sokudibana nodokotela. Phakathi kwezinye iingozi ezi xesha:
- ukuphuma kwegazi;
- ukuphazamiseka kwamaplanga ;
- placenta previa.