Ngethuba lokusasa kwentwasahlobo, abalimi begadi baxhamla baya kusebenza ngakumbi, baqala ukusebenzela ukukhetha imbewu kunye nokulungiselela izityalo zokutshala kwiziqhamo zendlu. Phakathi kwemifuno edlalwa kwintsimi yemifuno, indawo enkulu ihlala kwiitata, i-anyanisi, izaqathe kunye neebhere. Kule nqaku siza kuqwalasela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeqathi kwaye sizame ukujonga ukuba zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zezizathu eza kuba zilungileyo.
Xa ukhetha imbewu yenqatyana yokutshala, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba kuya kulungiselelwa ntoni. Iintlobo zeenqathe zinokwahlukana kwiindidi ezilandelayo:
- ukhetho - lwangaphandle nolusemakhaya;
- ngokwemimiselo;
- umxholo we-carotene;
- mveliso;
- ubomi beshefu;
- umbala nokuma.
Ukukhetha phakathi kweentlobo zeenqholi zokukhethwa kwamanye amazwe nakwiikhaya, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukhetho lwangaphandle lugxininisa ukubonakala kweenqholi: ubungakanani kunye nokugqithisa kwezityalo zengcambu, ngelixa iimbonakalo zabo ziva ubunzima. Iintlobo zokhetho lwasekhaya zixhamla kumxholo we-carotene, ukunambitheka, impilo yokuhlala kunye nokuqina kweemeko zethu zemozulu.
Iintlobo zokuqala zeeqathe
Yenzelwe ukuvuna ngokukhawuleza (ngoMeyi-Julayi), ezingagcinwanga, kodwa zisebenza ngokukhawuleza ukutya. Iintlobo ezintle: Amsterdam, Lenochka, Intanda, iNantes, i-Orange Muscat, i-caroton yaseParis, i-Shantene 2461, i-Fairy; hybrids: Bangor, Yaya, News, Napoli.
Iintlobo zearrot
Ubomi besheluthi yohrothi ngqo kuxhomekeke kwisithuba sokukhula, njengoko isivuno siqokelelwa, ixesha elide kwaye ligcinwe. Iintlobo ezininzi ziquka u-Alenka, iBellikum Royal, iDoljanoku, iVolumn Autumn, uMlawuli, i-Red Giant (okanye uRote Rizen), u-Queen of Autumn, Morevna, Monastyrskaya, Olympus, Flacoro; kwiimveliso: uJobu, Canada, Cascade, Narbonne.
Iintlobo zeenqholi zokugcina ubusika obude
Ukugcinwa kwebusika ukhethe uhlobo olunjalo lweeqholi: i-Biryuchekutsk, i-Vitamin-6, i-Geranda, i-Gross, iKalinali, i-Queen Queen, i-Losinoostrovskaya 13, i-Moscow Winter, i-Nantes-4, uSamson, iFlacoro, i-Forto, i-Shantene 2461; Iimveliso zeF1: Altair, Aristo, Askania, Basel, Cascade, Nigel, Nelix.
Iintlobo ezintle kakhulu zeenqathe
Ezi ntlobo zinconywa ukutya kwabantwana, njengoko zinomxholo ophezulu we-carotene kunye noshukela. Iinqwelo ezinjalo zilungele abantu, imisebenzi yabo ehambelana nomsebenzi osisigxina kwikhompyutha. Iintlobo zeerrotti ezinomdaka ziquka iiswidi zezingane, uvuyo lwabantwana, umbusi, i-karotan, intombazana yoBumnandi, ethandekayo, uNastenu, isithandwa se-Orange.
Phakathi kweentlobo zeekroti ezimelelwe kwiimarike, zinomdla ngakumbi kulawo apho isivuno sesityalo sinombala ongaqhelekanga kunye nesimo:
- Iindidi ezahlukileyo - Iqholi elibomvu elibomvu kunye neziko le-orange;
- Iqothu emhlophe yaseBelgian White - White;
- Iinqatyambo ze-Yellowstone ze-Yellowstone;
- iintlobo zeNdlovukazi yaseAntumn, i-Joba, iDelicatessen, izaqathe zikaFaro ezibomvu;
- iintlobo zeCarothel yaseParisi, I-Round baby kunye neParmex - iinqwelo ezincinci ezijikelezayo.
Phakathi kweentlobo zeenqathe, unokwazi ukwahlula obomvu obuninzi ngaphandle kombindi, ongenasiphelo (okanye uLonge Rote) kunye neKarinka ngaphandle kwengundoqo.
Kwabo bantu abakhulayo bathengiswa kwaye banomdla kwisivuno esiphezulu, iintlobo ziya kuba nomdla: Izidlo ezininzi, iAgust Autumn, i-Red Giant, u-Queen of Autumn, iFlacoro, iLenochka, i-Red Corot, iRomosa; hybrids: Anastasia, Coupar, Nandrin, Nectar, Nelix.
Ngo-2011-2013, iintlobo ezininzi zeerotro zibonakala, phakathi kwazo ziphi ezilungileyo:
- U-Anastasia lixesha elide lokuvelisa isivuno esixubileyo kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-carotene, ongagcinwa kwiinyanga ezi-8. Iingcambu zayo izityalo ziluhlaza okwi-orange ukuya kwi-22 cm ubude kwaye zilingana ukuya kwi-160 g.
- Iindlunkulu zegolide zineendlela eziphakamileyo eziphakamileyo zokukhula kokuvuthwa kwexesha elide, ezinkulu kunye neengcambu zikhula zibe yi-27 cm ubude kwaye zilinganiselwa kwi-220 g.
- I-Lenochka yintsholongwane ephakamileyo yokuvuthwa kwendawo yonke, ingcambu ibe ne-150 g ubude obuphakathi kwe-cm 16 kunye nobude obude kwi-16 cm.
Xa ukhetha iintlobo ezintle zeekhrothi zokutyala, qiniseka ukuba ucinga uhlobo luni lomhlaba onalo kwisayithi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba unikezelwe le mifuno enomsoco kwaye unomdla kuwo wonke unyaka, kukulungele ukutyala iintlobo ezimbalwa zeeqathi zexesha lokuvuthwa.