Isifo esinobungozi, esinganyangekiyo-sigaba se-immunodeficiency. Akuyena umphumo wezinto eziphilayo kunye nokubonakala buthathaka komzimba kunye nesistim somzimba. I-immunodeficiency immunology ye-Secondary ichaza nje ngokuba kukuphazamiseka kwengqondo emisebenzini yokhuselo lomzimba wethu.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuthathwa kwe-immunodeficiency?
Ukuba sicinga ngokubhekiselele kwi-immunodeficiency yesibini, yintoni na kubantu abadala, sinokunika inkcazo eyenziwe yicandelo leyeza eliqhelekileyo, eliphonononga iimpawu ezikhuselekileyo zomzimba kunye nokuchasana nezinto ezingaphandle - i-immunology. Ngoko, isistimoneli esisekondari (esifumanekayo) yinto engasebenzi kumsebenzi womzimba wokuzivikela, ongenanto inxulumene nemfuza. Iimeko ezinjalo zihambelana nezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezivuthayo kunye nezifo ezithintekayo, ezingenakulungeleka kakhulu unyango.
I-immunodeficiency secondary-classification
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokuhlelwa kwezi zizwe:
- ngesantya sophuhliso;
- u buninzi;
- kwinqanaba lokuchithwa;
- ngobunzima belizwe.
Ukwahlula kwe-CID yesibini ngokwezinga lokuqhubela phambili:
- esisisigxina (esibangelwa zizifo ezithintekayo, izifo ezinobungozi, ukulimala);
- engapheliyo (ibonakala kwimvelaphi yokungaphumeleli kokuzimela, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane, izigulane, njl.).
Ngokwahlulo:
- i-immunodeficiency yesibini ye-phagocyte;
- ukusilela kwenkqubo yokucedisa;
- i-T cell cell immunodeficiency;
- ukuphulwa kwe-immunity immunity;
- ukudibanisa.
Ukwahlula:
- I-IDS ngokukhawuleza-iyafana ne-immunodeficiency eyinqobo, kuba akukho nto ebangela ukuba kwenzeke;
- i-syndrome ye-immunodeficiency - eyona nto ibonakala.
Iiifom zonyango lwe-immunodeficiency
Ukongeza kwinqanaba elibhekiselweyo, iifomu ze-immunodeographics ezifunyenwe kwinqanaba le-spontaneous kunye nefom Ngokuqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka ukufumana iAIDS njengenye indlela yale mqathango, kodwa i-immunology yanamhlanje idla ngokubhekiselele kule syndrome njengesiphumo se-IDS efunyenweyo, i-agent causative ene-HIV (i-virus immunodeficiency virus). UGawulayo kunye nefomu yokuzibandakanya kunye nokunyanzeliswa kubumbene kwisigqibo esisodwa sekondari esifumanekayo.
Ifom ye-immunodeficiency
Ukungabikho kwe-etiology ecacileyo, ngokucacileyo kubonisa ukukhulelwa komzimba. Oku kwenza ukuba kufane neentlobo eziphambili, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubangelwa isenzo se-microbiota ye-pathogenic. Kubantu abadala, kunzima ukuphatha ukuvuvukala okungapheliyo kuchazwa njengezibonakaliso zekliniki ze-IDS yesibini. Izifo ezithandwa kakhulu zijongwa kwizitho kunye neenkqubo:
- amehlo;
- isikhumba;
- inkqubo yokuphefumula:
- izitho zendlela yokugaya;
- i-genito-urinary system.
I-immunodeficiency yesibini
Ukuxilongwa kwe-immunodeficiency kuyaphiliswa kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngoncedo lwonyango oluyinkimbinkimbi kunakho ukubuyisela ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa kwamalungu omzimba. Izona zizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuba kutheni ukukhutshwa kwamagciwane okufakwe kwinqanaba elenziwe yilezi zilandelayo:
- ukungenelela;
- nzakala kakhulu;
- i-pathology against diabetes, isifo sesibindi kunye nesifo sesifo;
- x-rays rhoqo.
Iimbangela ze-immunodeographical sections
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezibangela ukuba i-syndrome ye-immunodeficiency yesibini kunye nabaninzi babo abafundi abaqhelekileyo abayiqagela, kuba uninzi lwengcamango ye-IDS idibene nento ethile emhlabeni jikelele kwaye ingenakubuyiselwa, kodwa eqinisweni, iimeko ezinjalo zibuyiselwa xa zingekho malunga ne-virus amalungelo. Kodwa nangona sithetha nge-HIV, ngoko ke le ntsho longwane, abaninzi bahlala bebudala kakhulu.
Ngoko, izizathu zokubonakala kwezo zizwe zinokuthi:
- usulelo lwebhaktheriya (isifo sofuba, i-pneumococci, staphylococci, i-meningococci kunye njalo);
- i-helminths kunye ne-protozoal invasions (ascarids, toxoplasmosis, trichinosis, malaria);
- zemfundo.
- iingxaki ezizenzekelayo.
- Izifo zentsholongwane (i-smallpox, i-hepatitis, imasel, i-rubella, i-herpe, i-cytomegaly njalonjalo);
- utywala ( thyrotoxicosis , utyhefu);
- ukukhathazeka kanzima kwengqondo kunye nokwenyama, ukwenziwa komsebenzi okwenyuka;
- ukuphuma kwegazi, i- nephritis , ukutshisa;
- iziphumo zamachiza (iziyobisi, i-steroids, i-chemotherapy);
- imiba yemvelo (ubudala okanye umntwana, ixesha lokuzala umntwana);
- ukungabikho kwezinto ezibalulekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezininzi, iivithamini ngenxa yokungondleki.
I-immunodeficiency yesibini - iimpawu
Isalathiso sokuphanda ngokukhawuleza kwenkqubo yesigxina somzimba kungabonakalisa uphawu lweempawu. Iimpawu zendlela yokuzikhusela nge-immunodeficiency:
- i-meningitis ene-purulent kunye ne- sepsis ;
- izifo zebhaktheriya ezihlala rhoqo okanye eziqhubekayo;
- I-Constant ARVI kunye ne-stomatitis;
- herpes;
- izifungulu kunye nezifo ezihlaselekileyo;
- i-bronchitis engapheliyo;
- iingxaki rhoqo ngeziganeko ze-ENT;
- isifo se-bronchiectatic;
- pneumonia.
I-immunodeficiency secondary - unyango
Umbuzo wendlela yokuphatha i-immunodeficiency yesibili idinga ingqwalasela ecacileyo, kuba kungekhona nje impilo, kodwa, ngokuqhelekileyo, ubomi buxhomekeke kunyango. Ngezifo eziqhelekileyo ezichasene nemvelaphi ye-immunity ephantsi, kuyimfuneko ukukhawuleza ukubonisana nophando kwaye uphando. Ukuba isifo se-immunodeficiency sesibini sifunyenwe, ke akukho imfuneko ukulibaziseka ekuqaleni kwonyango.
Utyando lwe-ISD yesibini lubekwe ngoxhomekeke kwinqanaba elithintekayo. Ngethuba lokunyanga, amanyathelo okuqala athatyathwa ukuphelisa izizathu zesifo. Njengomthetho, ezi ziimpawu zokuzonwabisa ezichanekileyo emva kokusebenza, ukulimala, ukutshiswa, njl, njl., Ezenzekeyo. Ukuba umzimba usulelekile, ubukho bebhakteria, ii-virus kunye neefungi ziya kupheliswa ngoncedo lwamalungiselelo amayeza.
- Xa izifo zibangelwa yi-bacteria ye-pathogenic, i-antibiotics imiselwe (Abaktal, Amoxiclav, Vancomycin, Gentamicin, Oxacillin).
- Ukuba iifungi ze-pathogenic zifunyenwe, i-antifungal agents (Ecodax, Candid, Diflucan, Fungoterbine).
- Izidakamizwa ze-Anthelminthic zibekwe phambi kweempethu (Helminthox, Centel, Nemosol, Pirantel).
- Izidakamizwa ze-antiretroviral kunye ne-antiretroviral zinqunywe kwi-virus yomzimba (Amiksin, Arbidol, Abakavir, Phosphazid).
- Iilenki ze-Immunoglobulin zisetyenziselwa ngama-intravenously kwiziganeko xa umzimba womzimba we-immunoglobulins wehlisiwe (i-Human immunoglobulin, i-Hyperimmunoglobulin).
- Abaxhamli be-immunocorrectors banikezela izifo ezahlukeneyo ezimalunga nezifo ezingapheliyo (Cordizex, Roncoleukin, Yuvet, njl.).