I-hemoglobin ephantsi-izizathu

Inqanaba elinciphile le-hemoglobin yimeko apho inani lamaseli obomvu (i-erythrocyte) linciphisa egazini. I-Hemoglobin ineprotheyini ene-iron ekhoyo kwi-erythrocytes, inika i-oksijini ebophayo kunye nezothutho zayo kwiifom, kunye negalelo lombala obomvu.

Iimpawu zokunciphisa izinga le-hemoglobin

Inqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-hemoglobin yabasetyhini li-120-150 g / mol, kuba amadoda - 130-170 g / i-mole.

Ukuba, nangaliphi na isizathu, izinga le-hemoglobin liwela ngaphantsi komda osezantsi wezinto eziqhelekileyo, izitho kunye neenkqubo zilahlekelwa yi-oksijeni, kwaye ngenxa yoko, kubonakala inani leempawu ezibonakalisa.

Kwi-hemoglobin ephantsi ingabonwa:

• ubuthathaka jikelele kunye nobuhlungu;
• ukhathala okwandisiweyo;
• kulala;
• utywala kunye nokuphelelwa amandla;
• ukuphefumula okufutshane ;
• iintliziyo zentliziyo kunye nemisindo entliziyweni;
• i-blanching yesikhumba kunye neembrane zamanzi;
• Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa kweengcambu (iingalo okanye isandla kunye nemilenze okanye i-cooling time froze);
• ukubonakala kwezinto ezikhethiweyo ezikhethiweyo (mhlawumbi, umzekelo, kukho utywala ukudweba).

Yintoni ebangela amaqondo aphantsi e-hemoglobin?

Ukunqongophala kweensimbi

Isizathu esona siqhelekileyo nesikhuselekileyo sezinga eliphantsi le-hemoglobin, njengoko lihlawulwa ngokukhawuleza ngokusetyenziswa kwemveliso ethile kunye nokutya kwezidakamizwa ezinezinyithi.

Ukulahleka kwegazi

I-anemia ebangelwa ukulahleka kwegazi ingabonwa emva kwamanxeba kunye nokulimala ngegazi elininzi, isilonda esisiswini esiswini okanye esiswini, isisu esingasigxina. Esinye isizathu esivakalayo sokuba abesifazane banakho i-hemoglobin ephantsi yindlela yokukhubazeka kwimijikelezo yokuya esikhathini (ixesha elide elinokuphuma igazi elininzi). Kwimeko yezinto ezenza ixesha elincinane (ukusebenza, inyanga zonke, umniki-mali), izinga le-hemoglobin libuyiselwa lula. Ukuba ukulahleka kwegazi kuphazamiseka zizifo, ke unyango luya kunzima ngakumbi kwaye luhlale luhlala njalo.

Ukukhulelwa

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukwehla kwinqanaba le-hemoglobin kubonakala kwinani labasetyhini, kuba umzimba kufuneka unikeze zonke izinto eziyimfuneko, kungekhona kuphela umama, kodwa kunye nomntwana. Lo mqathango uhlengahlengiso ngokuqhelekileyo ngokutya okuchanekileyo, kwaye kuphela kwiimeko ezibuhlungu kunamayeza.

Kwakhona, ukunciphisa izinga le-hemoglobin egazini lichaphazelekayo:

• Izifo ezivuthayo zendlela yokugaya inyama (isifo esingumdlavuza esingapheliyo, i-enteritis engapheliyo);
• Izifo ezithathelwanayo zexesha elide (i-hepatitis, ukuvuvukala okukhulu kweentso, isifo sofuba, isifo se-gastroenterocolitis, njl);
• i-leukemia kunye nezihlamba ezibi zamalungu angaphakathi.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinga le-hemoglobin liyehla ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kunokumiswa kumanyathelo okuqala. Isizathu sokunciphisa okubukhali kunye neqondo eliphantsi kakhulu le-hemoglobin ngokuqhelekileyo likhonza ukuphuma kwamanzi okanye izinto ezimbi.

I-ESR ephezulu kwi-hemoglobin ephantsi

I-ESR (izinga lokutywiliswa kwe-erythrocytes okanye impendulo ye-sedimentation ye-erythrocyte) - isibonakaliso esingekho esithile sebhoratri esibonisa umlinganiselo weeqhezu ezahlukeneyo zamaprotheni aseplasma. Ukunyuka kwesi sixalathiso ngokuqhelekileyo kubhekiselele ekubeni khona kwenkqubo ye-pathological (inflammatory) emzimbeni. Nge-anemia, esi sibonakaliso ngamanye amaxesha sisetyenziswe njengomncedisi ekuqaliseni imbangela yokuphazamiseka kwegazi.

Ukuba imbangela yesimo esincinane se-hemoglobin yintsilelo yensimbi, ukuphuma kwexesha ngexesha lokuya esikhathini okanye ukukhulelwa, inkcazo ye-ESR iphakama ngokukodwa (ngo-20-30 mm / h). Izizathu apho i-ESR ephezulu (ngaphezulu kwama-60) kunye ne-hemoglobin ephantsi ibonwa, ingaba nezifo ezithathelwanayo kunye neenkqubo ezimbi (umhlaza, i-leukemia).