I-Cirrhosis yesibindi, iimpawu zazo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezingafaniyo, ziyisifo esingapheliyo. Ukugula kubangela ukutshintshwa kwezicubu ze-parenchymal nge-fibrous connective okanye i-stroma. Ukuba unyango olungalunganga okanye ukungawunaki lesi sifo lunokubulala.
Yintoni i-cirrhosis yesibindi?
Ngesi sifo, umonakalo omkhulu wesibindi uyabonwa. Itshabalalisa izicubu eziphilileyo kwaye ziyifake iifayili zefiber. Ubungqina bukhokelela ekwakheni amacandelo obuninzi obuhlukeneyo, obutshintsha isakhiwo sebhunga. I-cirrhosis yesibindi ayisoloko ibonakalisa iimpawu kwiinqanaba zokuqala, kodwa iinkqubo ezingenakwenzeka ezingekaqala kwiifom. Oku kuhamba kukukhokelela ekudakaleni komgangatho wobomi bomntu.
Yintoni i-cirrhosis eyaziwayo kwihlabathi. Ukuba ukholwa amanani, isifo minyaka yonke sithatha abantu abangaba ngu-300. Yintoni eyona nto iyingozi kukuba kukho ukwanda rhoqo kwinqanaba lokufa. Kwindoda, ukukhubazeka kufunyanwe rhoqo kunabesifazane. Iimpawu ze-Cirrhosis zinikeza ngexesha elihlukeneyo, kodwa njengomthetho, abantu bafumana isifo iminyaka engamashumi amane.
I-cirrhosis - izizathu
Iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zikhokelela kwisifo: iintsholongwane, ukuphazamiseka kwezidakamizwa, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala, izifo ezifa. Ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo oko kubangela ukuba i-cirrhosis - imbangela yesifo-ingaba yiphando lobugcisa kuphela. Iingxaki zi:
- Isifo sikaWilson ;
- ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi ze-hepatotoxic;
- Isifo se-Bad Chiari;
- utywala;
- ukungapheli kwentliziyo .
I-cirrhosis yobunxilisayo yesibindi
Uphuhliswa ngenxa yeziphumo ezinobungozi obuninzi botywala kwisibindi. Isiphumo setyhefu sinqunywe kuphela ngemali ye-ethyl yotywala kwiziphuzo ezidliwayo kwaye azixhomekeke kuhlobo lwazo. Iqondo apho i-cirrhosis yobunxilisayo ikhula ngokuxhomekeke kakhulu kwixesha lokusetyenziswa kotywala kunye nobuninzi balo. Endaweni yengozi ngabantu:
- thabatha utywala imihla ngemihla ixesha elide;
- unelungelo lokufa kwi-cirrhosis;
- angadli ngokungafanelekanga okanye ngokungalunganga.
I-cirrhosis yintsholongwane yesibindi
Ukusuka egameni ungacinga ukuba: i-cirrhosis yentsholongwane ibangelwa yiintsholongwane. Zonakalisa i-hepatocytes, ukuvuvukala kuqala, umzimba uthatha amaseli ezonakaliswe kumaqela angaphandle kwaye awahlasela. Ngenxa yoko, izicubu zomzimba ziyafa kwaye azikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yazo ngokufanelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpawu ze-cirrhosis zesibindi zibangelwa yi-virus ye-hepatitis. Ngaphantsi koko, isifo sibangelwa yi- cytomegalovirus , i-HIV, i-herpes virus okanye i-Epstein-Barr.
Olu hlobo lwe-cirrhosis lusasazwa ngegazi. Iziganeko zentsholongwane ye-intrauterine ziqabile kakhulu. Imiba yengozi echaphazela ukusuleleka kwi-cirrhosis yentsholongwane:
- ngesondo esingakhuselekanga;
- ukusetyenziswa kweesirringe ezingenabumba;
- ukudluliselwa kwegazi okungcolileyo ne-pathogenic microorganisms;
- ukungahambisani nemigangatho yokuqala yokucoceka kobuqu.
I-cirrhosis yenkqantosi yesibindi
Indlela yokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo iyafana nayo yonke iminye imihlobo yayo. Kutheni i-cirrhosis ye-hepatic ikhula? Izizathu zesifo, njengommiselo, ziba ziintshukumo ezinzima kwi-cardiovascular system. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu kwi-downena vena cava ene-pathology lukhokelela ekugqibeleni kweemithanjeni e-hepatic ngegazi. Ngenxa yoko - umzimba unwebe kakhulu, uqokelele ngaphakathi kwegazi, i-ischemia ikhula, ekhokelela kwi-necrosis ye-hepatocytes.
Kungenxa yoko iimpawu ze-cirrhosis zesibindi zingabanika:
- cardiosclerosis ;
- i-myxoma kwi-atrium efanelekileyo;
- intliziyo yepilmonari engapheliyo;
- pericarditis;
- Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kweetral okanye iigavus valves.
I-cirrhosis yeBiliary
Uphuhliso lwolu hlobo lwesifo lulandelwa kukutshatyalaliswa kwephepha lebhiliyari. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zesifo. I-cirrhosis yebhiliyari yeprayimari ibangela iinkqubo ze-autoimmune iinkqubo, okokuqala kuqhube uphuhliso lwe-cholestasis. Kwifom ye sibini kukhokelela ekuphulaphuleni kwe-bile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-cirrhosis ye-biliary ifa ngokwemvelo. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu ezikhoyo zesifo:
- cholelithiasis ;
- ii-cysts ze-bile ducts;
- cholangitis;
- iimvumba kunye neelymode;
- umsebenzi we-enterobacteria.
Iimpawu ze-cirrhosis zesibindi
Ubonakaliso obalulekileyo besifo sisifo sesisu kwindawo yomnquba we-hypochondrium, kodwa kukho ezinye iimpawu zesibindi se-cirrhosis. Ukongezelela, akuqhelekanga ukuba isifo senzeke ngaphandle kweempawu, kwaye isiguli asiqapheli ngokuxilongwa kwakhe. Ubunzima beempawu zichaphazeleka yimpawu ngamnye zomzimba, isigaba sesifo kunye nezinye izinto.
Imiqondiso yokuqala ye-cirrhosis yesibindi
Xa imeko ye-cirrhosis yesibindi, iimpawu zokuqala zingabonakali, kodwa ukuba eso sifo sibonakala, sinceda ngo:
- intlungu ebuhlungu kwisisu, eqiniswa emva kokudla amafutha, atywe, ahlambulule, atywala;
- Iziphazamiso zexesha lezondlo (kwezinye izigulana, ukutya okunzima kunzima, abanye bakhupha, isisongela, ukuhlanza, uhudo);
- ukucaphuka;
- ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza;
- unomdla (unwabu) emlonyeni;
- ukukhaphuka kwesikhumba, iimbumba ezinamaqabunga, iiprotheni zamehlo (zihlala ziqwalasela isifo xa zibona uphawu lokuqala lwesibindi se-cirrhosis).
Amanqanaba e-cirrhosis yesibindi
Esi sifo sikhula kwizigaba eziliqela. Ukuxakeka kwesi sifo kuncike kwiimpawu ezivela kwi-cirrhosis yesibindi. Izigaba eziphambili zilandelayo:
- Kwisigaba sokuqala, inkqubo ye-necrotic iqala ukuphuhlisa. Iimpawu ezibonakalayo kweli nqanaba - ubuthathaka, ukuphulwa kwesondlo, ukunciphisa ukuxinwa - izigulane ezininzi zikhohlisiwe kwi-beriberi, ukukhathala, ingqondo yengqondo.
- Icandelo lesibini libizwa ngokuba yinqanaba lokuxhaswa kwaye lihambelana nokubetheka, ukuluhlaza okwephumba kunye neembumba, i-fever, i-nausea, ukuva ubunzima esiswini. Esinye uphawu oluqhelekileyo lwe-cirrhosis luye lwaphawulwa ngokukhawuleza kokutya.
- Isigaba sesithathu senkokhelo sibonakaliswe yimeko enzima kakhulu. Iimpawu eziphambili kule meko - isifo sohudo, ukuhlanza rhoqo, umkhuhlane ophezulu, ukunciphisa ubukhulu obunzima, i-atrophy yemisipha yamagcekeni angaphezulu, ukungabi namandla. Ubungakanani bentlekele ekufeni kweli nqanaba le sifo liphezulu kakhulu.
- Xa i-cirrhosis yesibindi ifika isigaba sokugqibela, isigulane esele sinolawulo, siwela kwi-coma. Iqumrhu elichaphazelekayo litshintsha kakhulu kwaye linciphise ngobukhulu, ngelixa i-spleen iyanda.
Ama-Ascite kwi-cirrhosis yesibindi
Le ngenye yeengxaki eziqhelekileyo zesifo. Ama-Ascites aphuhlise ukuba iimpawu eziphambili ze-cirrhosis ziyanyanzelwa ixesha elide. Ngalo mqathango, umbane uqokelela ngaphakathi kwesisu esiswini, kwaye isisu sithandekile. Isibindi kunye neentso sele sekumangaliswe kakhulu kangangokuthi azikwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye asususe konke okugqithiseleyo emzimbeni.
Chaza i-ascites ingaba yimpawu zangaphandle. Ukuba akukho nxalenye yamanzi eqokelelweyo, kuphela ukuhlanganiswa okuncinci kummandla osondeleyo-buccal uhamba phambi kwamehlo. Kwimigangatho yesibini, isisu sisakhula, kwaye isigulane sihlala siva intlungu. Kwi-ascites, i-peritoneum iyanda kakhulu kangangokuba umfazi ogulayo angakwazi ukudideka ngokugqithisekileyo nomfazi okhulelweyo kwimimiselo yokugqibela. Abantu abaninzi banokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza baze bakhononde ngomkhuhlane.
I-cirrhosis yesibindi - unyango
Ngaphambi kokuba unyange i-cirrhosis yesibindi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba akunakwenzeka ukukrazula esi sifo, kodwa kwiimvavanyo zakuqala kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ukuphuhliswa kwayo. Kwizigulane zengxowankulu zengxowankulu zichanekileyo zonyango, kunye ne-ascites zinciphisa ityuwa. Ukuba iziphazamiso ezizimeleyo ziyabonwa, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uthathe i-glucocorticoids. I-cirrhosis yentsholongwane iphethwe ngeziyobisi zonyango. Ukomeleza isibindi, izigulane kufuneka zinike i-hepatoprotectors : Silymarin, Essentiale, ursodeoxycholic acid.
Ngamanye amaxesha uncedo lokuphaphazeleka lufuneka:
- Imisebenzi yokukhusela inceda ukudala iindlela ezintsha zokuhamba kwegazi;
- i-paracentesis yenzelwe ukususa umbane ukusuka kwi-peritoneum;
- Ukufakelwa kwesibindi kuyadingeka kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu.
Ukufezekisa ukuphucula, isiguli kufuneka sigweme ingcinezelo emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Ngeemeko eziyanelisayo, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ukuhamba ngendlela yokugulisa kunye ne-gymnastics. Konke, ngaphandle kokunye, izigulane kufuneka zihambelane nokutya. Ukukhusela ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane ebuthakathaka, nakwephi na ukungenelela abantu abane-cirrhosis banqunywe i-antibiotics ngenjongo yokukhusela.
Yidla ukutya kwe-cirrhosis yesibindi
Esi sifo kubandakanya ukugatya okupheleleyo okutya okuthosiweyo, okunamanci, okunyuwa, ukutya okuqukethe i-cholesterol enkulu. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuhlukana nokutya kunye neziqhamo ezintsha - zandisa i-bile excretion, ukuze i-cholesterol isebenzise kangcono. Izigulane ezitholakalayo ezine-cirrhosis zesibindi kufuneka zidle isidlo esishushu. Ukutya kufuneka kube rhoqo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukupheka ukutya, ukupheka kwisitya okanye kwi-oven.
Nge-cirrhosis, ungasebenzisa le mveliso:
- inyama ephantsi;
- iintlanzi ezityebileyo;
- ipayipi;
- imbotyi;
- macaroni;
- ukhilimu omuncu ophantsi;
- i-cottage cheese;
- i-cheesy cheeses;
- i juices;
- ama-berries angama-asidi;
- iisobho kwimhluzi yemifuno;
- isonka esomileyo;
- itiye ekhululekile;
- umhluzi.
Ukutya kwe-cirrhosis akubandakanyi oku kulandelayo:
- isonka esitsha kunye neminye imveliso yokutya;
- izithelo ezimuncu kunye namajikijolo;
- ikhofi eqinile kunye nehayi;
- sirrel;
- isiti;
- isipinashi;
- anyanisi eluhlaza;
- utywala.
I-cirrhosis yesibindi - isalathisi
Ukulindela ubomi kwiimeko ezinjalo kuxhomekeka kwiimeko ezininzi, ngoko ke ukutsho ngokuchanekileyo, ngokugula kwe-cirrhosis yesibindi zingaphi izigulane zihlala, zinzima okanye zinzima. Impembelelo:
- ubunzima besifo;
- ubukho beengxaki;
- ukuthobela ukutya;
- izizathu zesifo;
- ubudala kunye nesondo somguli;
- unyango olumiselweyo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba leengcali zezofo zinikeza iziganeko ezinjalo:
- Phantse i-50% yezigulane zihlala iminyaka engama-7 nangaphezulu.
- Ngesigaba esiyinkimbinkimbi yokwehliswa kwemali, ukulindela ubomi, njengomgaqo, awukho ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5.
- Kuphela i-20 - 30% yezigulane ezine-cirrhosis zesigaba sesithathu zihlala kwiminyaka eyi-3.
- Kwinqanaba lokugqibela lesi sifo, ukulinda komsebenzi akudluli konyaka.