I-Amyloidosis yeentso i-pathology engaqhelekanga, ebonakaliswa ukuphulwa kweprotheni-carbohydrate metabolism kunye nokwakheka kwiifom zeentso zezinto ezithile-i-amyloid. I-Amyloid iprotein-polysaccharide eyinkimbinkimbi, efana nesitashi, engaqhelekanga kumzimba kwaye iphazamise umsebenzi wezintso.
Iifom ze-amyloidosis zeentso
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-amyloidosis:
- I-amyloidosis ephambili yeengso isifo esizimeleyo, ukuphuhliswa kwayo okungahambelani nezinye izifo ezinokubangela ukubunjwa kweprotheni engaqhelekanga;
- I-amyloidosis yesibini yeentso-ifomu eqhelekileyo, yiphumo lesifo esingapheliyo;
- i-amyloidosis enxulumene ne-hemodialysis yindlela yesifo esiya kwizigulane eziye zaphindwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo nge-dialysis ye-renal;
- I-amyloidosis yokuzalwa yintlobo yesifo esinqununuweyo;
- i-senile amyloidosis yindlela yesifo esenzeka ngokudala (emva kweminyaka engama-80).
Iimbangela ze-amyloidosis yeentso
Kwezinye iimeko, izizathu zokuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana zihlala zingaziwa (i-amyloidosis ephambili). Phakathi kwezizathu eziyaziwayo ze-amyloidosis, izifo ezilandelayo ziyakwazi ukwahlukana:
- isifo sofuba ;
- malariya;
- i-syphilis ;
- osteomyelitis;
- i-rheumatoid arthritis;
- lymphogranulomatosis;
- myeloma, njl
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elide kwiintsholongwane ezingapheliyo kunokukhokelela ekutshintsheni okungavumelekanga kwiprotheni emzimbeni. Isiphumo salokhu kukubunjwa kweeprotheni ze-antigen - izinto zangaphandle, apho izixhobo zokulwa nezifo ziqala ukuveliswa.
Iimpawu zeengso zamayloidosis
I-Amyloidosis yeentso iqhubeka kwizigaba ezintathu, ngasinye sibonakaliso sayo:
- Kwinqanaba lokuqala (kwangaphambili) - ngeli xesha akukho ukubonakaliswa okuphawulekayo kwesi sifo, kubakho ukuhla kwezemisebenzi, ubuthathaka jikelele. Umchamo ufumana inani elincinane leprotheni (proteinuria), kwi-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi. Imisebenzi yeentso ayinakuguqulwa kwinqanaba.
- I-ointment (nephrotic) isigaba-esichazwe ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo kwe-edema, isifo se-sclerosis kunye ne-amyloidosis yomnxeba we-renal, uphuhliso lwe-nephrotic syndrome. Kukho iproteinuria ephawulekayo, i-hypercholesterolemia, i-hypoproteinemia, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha - isifo somfutho wegazi. Iinjongo zandiswe kwaye zihlanganiswe, ziba ngumbala obomvu obomvana.
- Isigaba sokugcina sihambelana nokuphuhliswa kwesifo esingapheliyo. Kukho i-edema eqhubekayo, i-uremia, ukugqithwa ngokubanzi komzimba, i-amyloidosis ixakeke kakhulu ngentsholongwane yeemvini ze-renal kunye ne-anuria kunye nesifo se-syndrome.
Ukuxilongwa kwengqondo ye-amyloidosis
Kwinqanaba lokuqala, isifo sinzima kakhulu ukuxilonga. Ukukhankanya ukuba uphuhliso lwe-amyloidosis lunokubangelwa yimvavanyo yebhubhoratri - ukuhlalutya kwegazi kunye nomchamo. Ukuqhuba i-coprogram ingabonakalisa.
I-electrocardiogram yentliziyo ingabonisa amanqanaba amancinci ombane oshukumisayo kunye neempawu zobuxoki zesifo senhliziyo. Iiln ultrasound ingasetyenziswa ukuhlola ubungakanani bayo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, i-kidney biopsy isetyenziswe (ukuphononongwa kwe-organ morphology), eyenza kube lula ukubona ubukho be-amyloid.
Unyango lwe-amyloidosis yeentso
Unyango lwe-amyloidosis lusebenza kuphela kwisigaba sokuqala sophuhliso lwayo. Kujoliswe ekupheliseni izinto ezibangela ukubunjwa kwe-amyloid, kunye nokumiswa kokuveliswa kwesi silwanyana.
Nge-amyloidosis yesibini, unyango lujoliswe ekupheliseni intsholongwane ebangela isifo. Kule ndlela, kusetyenziswe iindlela ezigulisayo kunye nokucoca.
Inendima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni unyango lwe-amyloidosis unikezelwa ekudleni okumiselweyo kuxhomekeke kwisigaba sesifo kunye nezibonakaliso zeemvavanyo. Njengomthetho, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweetyuwa, iiprotheyini, ukwanda kwindleko yokutya okunothambile kwi-vitamin C kunye neeratassium.
Ukunyangwa kweziyobisi zamayloidosis zeentso kubandakanya ukutyunjwa kweziyobisi ezahlukeneyo - i-antihistamines, inqabileyo-ukuvuvukala, i-diuretic, njl.