I-Beta-blockers - uludwe lwezilwanyana

I-Beta-blockers kuthiwa yiziyobisi ezinokubamba okwethutyana i-beta-adrenergic receptors. Ezi mali zihlala zenziwa xa:

• unyango lwe-cardiac arrhymia;
• isidingo sokuthintela i- infarction ephindaphindiweyo ye- myocardial ;
• unyango lwegazi.

Ziziphi i-beta-adrenergic receptors?

I-Beta-adrenergic receptors yi-receptors ezithatha i-hormones adrenaline kunye ne-noradrenaline kwaye ihlulwe ngamacandelo amathathu:

1. I-β1 - inkulu kakhulu kwindawo leyo, kwaye ngokuvuselela kwabo kukho ukunyuka kwamandla kunye nokuphindaphindiweyo kweentluko zentliziyo, ukunyuswa kwegazi kuphakama; Kwakhona i-β1-adrenergic receptors ikhona kwizintso kwaye isebenza njengamamkeli e-device-lobe;
2. β2 - receptors, ezifumaneka kwi-bronchioles kwaye zikhuthaza ukwandiswa nokuqedwa kwe-bronchospasm; Kwakhona nala ma-receptors asemaseli ase-hepatic, kwaye ukukhuthazwa kwabo ngama-hormone kukhuthaza ukucoca kwe-glycogen (i-reserve polysaccharide) kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-glucose egazini;
3. I-β3 - ekwabiwe kwindawo ye-adipose, phantsi kwefuthe lama-hormone kusebenze ukuhlenga kwamafutha, kubangele ukukhululwa kwamandla kunye nokuvelisa ukushisa kwemveliso.

Ukwahlula kunye uludwe lwezilwanyana-beta-blockers

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphi i-receptors ezichaphazelekayo yi-beta-blockers, kubangele ukuvimba kwabo, la mayeza ayahlula abe ngamaqela amabini amakhulu.

Ukukhetha (cardioselective) beta-blockers

Isenzo salezi ziyobisi sisetyenziswe kwaye sijoliswe ekukhutshweni kwe-β1-adrenergic receptors (ayichaphazeli i-β2-receptors), kunye nemiphumo ye-cardiac eyaphawula:

• kuncipha kumandla okwephulwa kwentliziyo;
• ukunciphisa izinga lentliziyo;
• ukukhutshwa kokuqhutyelwa kolawulo nge-node-ventricular node;
• ukunciphisa intliziyo.

Eli qela libandakanya ezo ziyobisi:

• I-Atenolol (i-Athenoben, i-Prinorm, i-Hypoten, i-Tenolol, njl.);
• Bisoprolol (Concor, Bizomor, Coronale, Bisogamma, njl);
• i-betaxolol (i-Glaoks, iKherlon, Lokren, iBetoptik, njl.);
• metoprolol (Vazocardin, Betaloc, Corvitol, Logimax, njl);
• Nebivolol (iBinelol, Nebilet, Nebivator);
• talinolol (iCordanum);
• esmolol (Breviblock).

I-beta-blockers abangakhethiyo

Ezi zi yobisi ziyakwazi ukukhusela zombini i-β1 kunye ne-β2-adrenoreceptors, zino-antihypertensive, anti-anger, antiarrhymic kunye ne-membrane-stabilizing action. Ezi zonyango zibangele ukwanda kwetoni ye-bronchi, ithoni ye-arterioles, ithoni ye-uterus, kunye nokukhula koxinzelelo lwe-vascular dispersion.

Oku kubandakanya izibisi ezilandelayo:

• propranolol (Anaprilin, Propamine, Noloten, Inderal, njl);
• bopindolol (Sandinorm);
• Levobunolol (Wistagen);
• nadolol (Korgard);
• Oxprenolol (Trazicor, Coretal);
• i-ovonol (iVistagan);
• i-pindolol (Vickin, Viscaldix);
• sotalol (Sotagexal, Sotalex).
• timolol (Okumed, Arutimol, Fotil, Glukomol, njl.).

I-Beta-blockers yesizukulwana esitsha

Ukulungiswa kweso sitsha, sesithathu, isizukulwana sibonakaliswe ngezakhiwo ezongezelelweyo ze-vasodilating ngenxa yokukhusela i-alpha-adrenergic receptors. Uludwe lwaba bethi-blockers banamhlanje lubandakanya:

• i-carvedilol (Acridilol, Vedicardol, Carvedigamma, Rekardium, njl);
• celiprolol (i-Tselipres);
• bucindolol.

Ukucacisa uluhlu lwezilwanyana ze-beta-blockers kunye ne-tachycardia, kuyafaneleka ukuphawula ukuba kule meko, iziyobisi ezichanekileyo ezikunceda ukunciphisa izinga lentliziyo, ziyimali esekelwe kwi-bisoprolol kunye nepropranolol.

Ukungqinelana nokusetyenziswa kwe-beta-blockers

Iingqinisiso eziphambili zezi zonyango zi:

• i-asthma ye-bronchial;
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi;
• isifo sobuthathaka kwesodi yesono;
• ukukhubazeka kwemithambo ye-peripheral;
• bradycardia;
• tshutshiswa kwemizimba ;
• ibhloko ye-atrioventricular yesibini okanye yesithathu degree.