Ukumiselwa kwe-ESR kumayeza emhlabeni jikelele kunyanzelekile ukuhlolwa kwegazi lwebhubhoratri. Esi sibonakaliso kubalulekile ekuxilongweni kwezifo ezininzi, ukuvavanya ubunzima bekhosi yabo kunye nokuphumelela kwonyango olumiselweyo. Ngenxa yokuba kukho imvelaphi eyahlukeneyo ye-ESR kwabasetyhini ngobudala, iitheyibhile zezikhombisi-zintsholongwane ziya kunceda ukuchonga ukwephulwa.
Yintoni i-ESR?
Isantya se-erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR), ngamanye amaxesha esibizwa ngokuba yi-erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR), sichaza umlinganiselo weengxube zeeplasini ze-protein. I-Erythrocytes ngamaseli obomvu aphethe i-oksijini emzimbeni. Zizona zixhobo eziphambili ze-plasma, kwaye ziphantsi kwefuthe lombutho wesantya kwi sampuli yegazi ekhethiweyo efakwe kwi-tube test, i-erythrocytes ngendlela yecandelo elincinci lombala obomvu ohlala phantsi, ngasezantsi. Izinga apho la maqhekeza egazi ahlala khona ngokuxhomekeka kakhulu kwizinga lokudibanisa kwabo, i E. ukukwazi ukubamba ndawonye.
Esi sibonakaliso somzimba sivame ukuhlolwa ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela esetyenziswa ngayo, isampula yegazi ingakhethwa:
- ukusuka kwi-vein - ngendlela yeVestergrena;
- ukusuka kumnwe - xa wenza uhlalutyo ngendlela yePanchenkov.
Ukufumana umphumo othembekileyo, kuyinqweneleka ukuhambelana nemithetho elandelayo:
- Ungadli iiyure ezingama-6 ngaphambi kokuba uthathe igazi;
- anike amafutha, asebenze nzima ukutya kunye notywala ngosuku ngaphambi kokufunda;
- Ukukhuphela ngaphandle ukufumana amayeza ngosuku ngaphambi kokuhlalutya (ukuba kuyimfuneko ukubonisana nogqirha).
Umlinganiselo wesitetyiti se-erythrocyte ngokweWesttergren
Ukumisela kwe-ESR nguWestergren yindlela eyaziwayo kwihlabathi jikelele, ebonisa ukuqonda, ukuchaneka nokukhawuleza kokuphunyezwa. I-biomaterial ekhethiweyo yokuhlalutya ixutywe kwinqanaba elithile kunye nenkunkuma yesenzo se-anticoagulant ne-sodium citrate kwi-tube ekhethekileyo enezinga eliphumelele kwi-200 mm. Emva koko isampuli ishiywe ngokukhawuleza ngexesha elithile (i-iriyure) ngexesha i-sedimentation ye-erythrocyte ibonwa. I-ESR ichongwa ngo-mm ngeyure eli-1 ukulinganisa ukuphakama kwecandelo elingaphezulu legazi ngaphandle kokuqwalasela i-sediment.
Isantya se-erythrocyte sedimentation ngokwePanchenkov
Ukusetyenziswa kwendlela yePanchenkov yokubala kwe-ESR egazini kuthathwa njengexesha elidlulileyo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo iyaqhubeka ifunyaniswa kwii-laboratories ezininzi zelizwe lethu. Igazi elikhethiweyo lixutywe kunye ne-anticoagulant citrate ye-sodium kwaye ibekwa kwi-capillary ekhethekileyo, iphumelele ngamaqela angama-100. Emva kweyure, isalathisi esingasentla se-plasma sisilinganiswa. Isantya se-erythrocyte sedimentation siya kuba ngumphumo kunye neyunithi yokulinganisa "mm".
Isilinganiso se-ESR kwigazi labasetyhini
Kucacisiwe ukuba izinga le-ESR egazini liyahluka kuye kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi:
- ngesondo lomntu;
- ubudala;
- ubukho beengxaki zempilo;
- iimpawu zomntu ngamnye;
- utshintsho lwamahomoni, njl
Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa izinga le-sedimentation ye-erythrocyte lihlalutyiweyo, ukuqhelekileyo kwabasetyhini kudlulileyo kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonakala kumadoda. Olu lathisi luyahluka kancinci ngemini, amaxabiso awo ahlukeneyo aphethwe kwisisu esingenalutho nangemva kokutya. Kwimizimba yabasetyhini, izinga le-ESR lihluka kakhulu kunye nemvelaphi eyahlukeneyo ye-hormonal, ehluke kunye nobudala kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba (ukuya esikhathini, ukukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa komyeni).
ESR - isiqhelo kubafazi ngokubudala
Ukufumana isiqhelo esifanelekileyo se-ESR kwabasetyhini abaneemeko zempilo eziqhelekileyo, iimviwo ezininzi zenziwa, ngesiseko apho ama-indices avareji afumaneka khona. I-ESR - isiqhelo kubasetyhini ngokudala, itafile ibonisa ezi zihlandlo zobomi ezilandelayo:
- umntwana;
- ukuzala;
- ixesha lokuyeka ukuphuma kwindoda.
Ubudala bomfazi | Imida yesiqhelo se-ESR, mm / h |
ukuya kwi-13 iminyaka | 4-12 |
13-18 ubudala | 3-18 |
18-30 ubudala | 2-15 |
30-40 ubudala | 2-20 |
40-60 ubudala | 0-26 |
emva kweminyaka engama-60 | 2-55 |
ESR ekukhulelweni
Ngethuba lokuzala umntwana, isantya se-sedimentation ye-erythrocyte sibonakaliso esibalulekileyo solu vavanyo lwesantya se-erythrocytes, okuqhelekileyo kuwo amabhinqa akhulelweyo ngokwemiqathango eyahlukeneyo malunga nokutshintsha kwinqanaba lama-hormone echaphazela ukubunjwa kwegazi kuyahluka. Ukongezelela, ubudlelwane beli khombisi kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nomgaqo-mzimba wabonakaliswa. Ngoko ke, itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa ukuba yiliphi izinga le-ESR kwabasetyhini alingekho ngokweminyaka yobudala, kodwa kuxhomekeka kwixesha lokunyamezela kunye nomzimba:
Uhlobo lomzimba wesifazane okhulelweyo | Isilinganiso se-ESR kwisiqingatha sokuqala sokukhulelwa, mm / h | Isilinganiso se-ESR kwisiqingatha sesibini sokukhulelwa, mm / h |
| igqibe | 18-48 | 30-70 |
mncinci | 21-62 | 40-65 |
Ukunyuka kwesantya se-erythrocyte kwanda - kuthini oku kuthetha ntoni?
Iqondo lokudibanisa i-erythrocytes kunye ne-ESR landa ngokunyuka kwimizimba yamaphrotheni yegazi, okwenza ukwanda kwee-particles. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi proteins ziyimpawu zenkqubo yokuvuvukala ebonakalayo egazini: i-fibrinogen, i-immunoglobulin, i-peruloplasmin, njl. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uhlalutyo lwe-ESR alucaci kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuseka uhlobo kunye nokwakhiwa kwenkqubo yokuvuvukala emzimbeni. Ukongezelela, i-ESR ngaphezu kwesiqhelo ichazwe ngamathambo athile angenalo ukuvuvukala.
I-ESR yanda - izizathu
Xa uguqulela iziphumo xa isantya se-erythrocyte sinyuka, ezinye izibalo zegazi kunye nezinye iindlela zokuxilonga ezithathwe ukuseka ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo ziqwalaselwa. Isantya se-erythrocyte sedimentation nguWestergren siphezulu kunezinye eziqhelekileyo kwiimeko ezilandelayo:
- izifo ezithathelwanayo nezivuzayo zebhakteria, i-virus, i-fungal nature (i-ARVI, i-pneumonia, isifo sofuba, i-sepsis, izifo zonyango, njl njl);
- izifo ezizimelayo ( vasculitis , systemic lupus, scleroderma);
- izihlamba ezibi;
- isifo sebindi, i-bile ducts, i-pancreas;
- izifo ze-endocrine (thyrotoxicosis, isifo sikashukela );
- ukukhathazeka, ukuphuka, iimeko emva kokuhlinzwa;
- i-myocardial infarction ;
- utywala kunye nezinto ezinobuthi;
- utshisa;
- i-anemia kunye nezinye izifo zegazi;
- isifo sohudo;
- kuphuma;
- iimpendulo ezithintekayo;
- ukuthatha amayeza athile, njl
I-ESR yanda - yintoni oyenzayo?
Ekubeni ukwanda kwe-ESR akukho kuzo zonke iziganeko ezibangelwa zizizathu zentsholongwane, okokuqala kuyimfuneko ukuphonononga zonke izinto ezinokubangela izifo, kungabandakanyi iimpazamo ezinokwenzeka ekuhlalutyweni. Xa sifuna isifo esibangele iiparitha eziqhelekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba unike inani leenzululwazi, ukubonisana kweengcali zonyango zeprofayili ezahlukeneyo. Unyango uzimisele ngokuhambelana nesifo esifumeneyo.