U-Angina isilonda se-vascular, uhlobo lokubonakaliswa kwesifo senhliziyo kunye ne-atherosclerosis. Kwizigaba zokuqala, xa utshintsho kwiinqanawa zingabalulekanga, ukuxhamla kungabonakali. Kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe ii-angina pectoris iimpawu eziqwalaselwa kwinqaku, zikhumbuza ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye ukuhlaselwa kukuphazamisa ukuphumla. Ukungabikho kwonyango kunokukhokelela ekungeneni kwe-myocardial infarction.
I-Angina pectoris - iimpawu kunye neempawu
Ukuxhalabisa kunokunxulumana nokukhathazeka ngokwemvakalelo nangokwenyama, ukutshaya, ukutyhila ixesha elide kubanda. Impawu zokuqala ze-angina pectoris zintlungu kunye nokuphefumula okufutshane :
- Ubunzima buphawu oluphambili lwesifo kwaye lubonakalisa phantse kuwo onke amacala. Ukubonakala kwayo kubangelwa umonakalo entliziyweni.
- Ngenxa yokuphulwa kwamandla enkonzweni, umntu uqala ukufumana ukunqongophala komoya, okubonakaliswa kukuphefumula.
- Ngxeshanye kunye nale mibonakalo, kukho uvakalelo lokwesaba nokuxhalabisa. Esikhundleni esiphakamileyo, i-syndrome yintlungu iyanda. Ngoko ke, de kube sekupheleni kokuhlaselwa, bancomela ukuma.
Ziziphi ezinye iimpawu ze-angina?
Iimpawu ezidweliswe ngezantsi zingabonakali kuwo wonke umntu:
- intlungu ephazamisa intliziyo, ingahamba entanyeni, emagxeni, emhlathini, kunye nokunikezela ngakwesobunxele;
- Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuvakalelwa kwintliziyo okanye ubukho bezinto ezikude zidalwe kwisisu;
- ukuphulwa komyinge we-pulse (ngokukhawuleza okanye entliziyweni);
- abaninzi bakhononda ngokubonakala kwintliziyo yokubanjwa komzimba, ukubonakala kokukhupha okubandayo nokunyuka kwengcinezelo yegazi.
Ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa kukuphazamiseka ebusuku, bathetha ngenye indlela ye-angina engazange ivele ngenxa yokusebenza ngokomzimba.
Impawu ze-Uncharacteristic ze-angina pectoris
Kufuneka ukwazi ukuba ezi zimpawu ziphawu lwe-cholelithiasis kunye nezilonda zesisu. I-Stenocardia ayibonakaliswa yimpawu ezilandelayo:
- intlungu eqhubekayo;
- ixesha lokuhlaselwa lingaphezulu kwemizuzu engamashumi amabini;
- Ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitroglycerin akusiyi kukhulula intlungu yesifo;
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba akukuchaphazeli ukuba kwenzeke intlungu.
Ubukhulu bezinto ezi okanye ezinye izibonakaliso ziyahluka. Kubalulekile ukunyamekela ukubonakala komntu omtsha kunye noshintsho lwempawu zeemdala. Oku kungabonisa ukuphuhliswa kwe-angina engapheliyo ekhokelela ekuhlaselweni kwentliziyo.
Iimpawu ze-angina kubasetyhini
Ubume bekhosi yesi sifo kubameli besetyhini buyahlukahluka kancinane kwindlela yokubonisa isifo. Ngokomzekelo, endaweni yokuvakalelwa, umfazi uvakalelwa ukugwaza, ngamanye amaxesha ubuhlungu bubuhlungu. Izibonakaliso zamanqaku ziquka intlungu kwisisu naseseqhenqweni. Izibonakaliso ezinjalo ze-angina pectoris zibangela ukuba abasetyhini bahambe bengakhathazeki ngaphandle kokuqwalasela, kwaye musa ukubuyela kudokotela ngexesha.
I-Angina pectoris - ECG iimpawu
Ibakala elibalulekileyo ekuxilongweni kwesi sifo yi-ECG.
Ngethuba lovavanyo lokuphumla, i-ECG kwi-60% iyinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa amaxesha onke ama-Q ayabonwa, okubonisa ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, kwakunye neenguqu kwiqela leT kunye ne-ST.
Ukuchaneka ngakumbi ngophando olwenziwa ngexesha lokuhlaselwa. Kule meko, i-oblique ephahlayo okanye engapheliyo yecandelo le-ST ijongwa ngokuthe gqolo kwaye i-inversion ye-T-tooth ifunyenwe.
Ukuqhuba iimvavanyo zoxinzelelo kwi-veloergometer kuvumela ukulinganisa amathuba okuphuhlisa i- myocardial infarction nokufumanisa isifo senhliziyo. Xa kuhlolwa ngokunyuka kwandisa umthwalo, ukudala isidingo se-oksijeni ye-myocardium. Idata efunyenweyo ivumela ukuqikelela ubungqina be-ischemic.