Ngokuqhelekileyo kwingxoxo yabantu onokuyiva "Hayi kunye noBushushu!" Okanye "Khangela, oku kukukrakra kwangempela!". Ukususela kumxholo wengxoxo kucacile ukuba ngolu ngcaciso abantu bahlala bebiza abo bafazi abathi, ngokunyaniseka, banokubhubhisa yonke into endleleni yabo, kubandakanywa nemingcipheko eyahlukeneyo, kwaye kungcono ukuba bangabi phantsi kwesandla sabo esishisayo ngexesha elinjalo.
AmaFury - ngubani lo?
Uthikazikazi, owaziwa ngumququzeleli ogqithisiweyo, ukuthukuthela okungenakuphikiswa - nguwuphi na ulaka. Incazelo yegama yenza ukuba kucace ukuba ivela kwi-Latin Furiae, i-furire, oku kuthetha "ukutshatyalaliswa, umsindo." Ngako oko kucacile ukuba ngentsingiselo yomntu abantu bathetha ububi, beyikrakra ngomsindo wabo nokuziphindisela kwabasetyhini - emva koko, bekuyizidalwa zowesifazana, kwaye kungengowesilisa wesini, oye wabonakalisa isijeziso esibi ngenxa yezono ezenzileyo.
Amafriji kwiingoma
Ezi zidalwa zafika kuthi zivela kwiintsomi zamaRoma zakudala, kwaye amaRoma awaboleka kumaGrike, awabiza ngokuba ngumsindo u-Erinium, kwaye kamva i-Eumenides. Kwaye, ukuba amaRoma amaninzi - oothixokazi beempindezelo, ngoko inguqulelo yesiGrike inikeza inkcazelo eyahlukileyo kakhulu - inhlonipho, inceba. Zaziphi na ukungafani kwale nkcazo?
AmaFury kwiimbali zamaRoma
Ubundlobongela, igazi, unganeliseki, ungalokothi uphumule izidalwa ezinobungozi obujongene negazi, usoloko uphishekela umntu owenze isenzo esingenakuthethelelwa - nguwuphi na ubushushu kwiimbali zamaRoma. Ekubeni amaRoma aboleka yonke i-gods of gods evela kwiiGrike ngokusondeleyo, ngokukodwa ngaphandle kokungena kwizinto ezintle kunye neenkcazo zeenkcukacha kunye neenkcazo, amafriji anikwe imisebenzi efanayo kunye neempawu zabalinganiswa abaza kuGrike. Kamva behlekisa abantu abangakholelwa kuThixo abangama-Fury, kunye nabahlali bethu, bathiwa ngabasetyhini ababalekayo.
AmaFury kwiingoma zamaGrike
Kodwa phakathi kwamaGrike asendulo, i-Erinnia engavumiyo iphendukela kwi-eumenides, ebeka inkundla enobulungisa kwaye ingakhethi. Ngokutsho kwembali yamaGrisi, oothixokazi beempindezelo bazalwa ngexesha lolwaphulo-mthetho bokuqala boothixo - xa uKronos, owathi wagqiba ukumbamba amandla, wabulala u-Uranus uyise, ephuma emanzini egazi, kwaye i-eumenides yabonakala. Ekuqaleni, amaGrike ayekholelwa ukuba baninzi kubo - ukuya kumawaka angamashumi amathathu, kodwa uAeschylus kwiintlekele zakhe waletha kuphela abathathu - iTisiphon (engakhathali ukuphindiselela), uAlekto (ongenako ukuxolela) kunye noMeger (ububi).
Oothixokazi, abasoloko benxanelwe ukuphindezela ukubulala - ezi ziindawo zasemaGrisi aseMandulo. UPallas Athena wancenga u-Erinius ukuba ahlale ngonaphakade kwiGrisi yaseMandulo, eqinisekisa ukuba abemi baya kubahlonela, njengokuba omnye wabafazikazi abahlonishwayo kakhulu, kunye no-Erynia bavuma. Kamva baqukumbela ukulingwa ngokungathandekiyo nokungakhethi kwabo bakrokre kwizenzo ezimbi kwaye babizwa ngokuthi i-eumenides (inhlonipho, inceba). U-Aeschylus ngokuqhelekileyo wazichazela kunye noMoira, unkulunkulukazi wexesha elizayo.
Zibukeka njani amafure?
Eyoyikisayo ibhinqa elidala kunye neenwele ngendlela yeenyoka, amazinyo ahlambulukileyo kwaye isetyenziselwa umgwebi ngezandla ezityinwe - yilokho amafure abonakala ngathi kwimbali yamandulo yamaGrisi, kwaye ngokwenene, impindezelo kunye nokunxanela ukubulala akunakubukeka kubonakale, ibhinqa elikhweleyo alilona lincinci kwaye lifazi, ngoko ke le mifanekiso iyabuyisa, ivuselele ukwesaba nokunyaniseka. Xa bethetha ukuba umntu uziphatha njengomsindo, ebomini bemihla ngemihla, abantu abaxhomekeke ekunikeni lo mfanekiso.
Umfazi onomsindo, njengomthetho, umntu ongazi ukuba aziphathe njani ezandleni, ehlisa zonke iimvakalelo zakhe eziphazamisayo kulabo abakujikelezile, ebhubhisa yonke into endleleni yakhe ngokungakhethiyo. Enyanisweni, ekuqondeni kwethu kwangoku, oku kuhlaziywa. Kwaye ingxaki yokugula ingqondo, kwaye amaGrike kunye namaRoma asendulo ayazi malunga nalo. UPlato wabiza i-hysteria "izilwanyana zesisu." Kubonakala ngathi la mabhinqa ayamthandi kakhulu, njengoko kubonakaliswe ngentsingiselo yamaphiko "ngokukhawuleza yaba ngumsindo", xa umfazi okhulayo wangaphandle waphazamisa inqwelomoya yakhe.