Intsholongwane kaZika yayisandul 'ingqalelo njengesifo esingavamile kakhulu, esichaphazela abemi baseAfrika kunye ne-mpuma ye-Asia. Kodwa ukuphuhliswa kwezokhenketho kuye kwabangela ukusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwezi sifo, okubangela ukuba uxhalabe kuluntu lwezonyango ngenxa yobungozi bhubhane.
Ukuhamba uhambo, kubalulekile ukufundisisa ngokucacileyo ukuba i-Zik ye fever ebonakalisa njani - iimpawu kwiziko eliphambili le-pathology kunye nesimo esilandelayo sekhosi ngexesha lokuqhubela phambili.
Impawu zokuqala zentsholongwane kaZika
Intsholongwane echazweyo, yintsapho yaseFlaviviridae, idluliselwa kumntu onokulunywa ngumlingo osulelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba kuqaphele ukuba iintlobo zezilwanyana kuphela ze-Aedes ziyingozi, zikhetha indawo yokuhlala kunye nesimo sezulu eshushu.
Emva kokubetha nokusuleleka kwiintsholongwane zentsholongwane, kudluliselwa ixesha lokuxubusha kuxhomekeke kwimeko yomzimba womntu kwaye ihluka kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya ku-12.
Isibonakaliso sokuqala sesi sifo sisifo sobuthakathaka kunye nesinyulu. Esi sibonakaliso ngokuqhelekileyo asidibaniswanga nomkhuhlane weZiko, ngoko isigulane asiyifuni nangoko uncedo lonyango.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba le pathology kwi-70% yamatyala kwenzeka ngaphandle kweempawu kwaye iyanyangeka iintsuku ezi-2-7. Ukuphuhliswa kweembonakaliso ezinzulu kwiinkliniki kunqabile kakhulu, kubantu abaneendlela ezikhuselekile zokukhusela umzimba okanye izifo ezingapheliyo.
Iimpawu eziphambili ze-zik fever
Ukuba eso sifo sisaphathelene nokubonakaliswa okukhulu kweklinikhi, ukuphuhliswa kwayo kudibaniswa nokunyuka kwentloko kunye ne-malaise, ukusilela, ukulala. Ukongezelela, izigulane ezineentsholongwane ze-Zik zivakalelwa intlungu yesifo kwiimisipha kunye namalungu, i-column ye-vertebral, imizila yezamehlo.
Ezinye iimpawu ezithile:
- umkhuhlane unomkhuhlane ukuya kuma-38.5 degrees;
- ukunyamezela kokukhanya okukhulu;
- ukuvuvukala kwe-conjunctiva;
- ukubomvu kweenqanawa zamehlo amancinci;
- ukuvuvukala kwamalungu.
Kwakhona kukho izibonakaliso ze-dermatological ye-virus - kuqala ebusweni buvela ephasini okanye e-macular ephasayo ngendlela encinci, iifuble ezibomvu ezinokubumba. Ngokukhawuleza basasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Ukuphazamiseka, njengomthetho, baninzi kwaye banamandla. Ukudibanisa kubangela ukucaphuka okukhulu, ubomvu besikhumba.
Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, umntu onentsholongwane unesifo esibuhlungu, njengesiqhwala, ukumbanjwa, okanye uhudo.
Ubude bexesha kunye nobukho beempawu ze-zik fever
Kucacisiwe kakade ukuba, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukugqithwa kwezilwanyana kubonwa ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yomsebenzi wokhuseleko lomzimba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isifo asihlali ngaphezu kweentsuku ezi-7.
Ama-macular amatsha okanye amanqaku asemaphandleni avela kwiiyure ezingama-72, emva koko ukubonakala kweempumlo kuphelile, kwaye ukugqithisa okukhoyo kuphele ngokukhawuleza. Intloko, umkhuhlane kunye nezinye izibonakaliso ezihambelana nesi sifo zingabakho kwiintsuku ezingama-5.
Utyando lwezonyango lubonisa ukuba iimpawu ezichazwe zifunyenwe kuphela kwi-1 yabantu aba-5 abanesifo sengculaza uZika.
Ukuxilongwa kwesi sifo kunokwenzeka kuphela emva kokuvavanywa kwegazi lebhubhoratri, ngexesha apho i-nucleic acid efunyanwa kwiintsholongwane. Kwezinye iimeko kuvunyelwe ukwenza uhlalutyo lomathe kunye nomchamo.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba uhlobo lokufundisa oluxhomekeke kwixesha ludlulileyo ukususela ekufumaneni iimpawu zomkhuhlane. Kucetyiswa ukuba uchithe kwiintsuku ezi-3-10 zokuqala ukususela kwesi sifo.