Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ishishini lakho, wonke umntu oshishino angenakukhathazeka ukufunda, kodwa kungcono ukuhlolisisa ulawulo lwezemali. Ziziphi iinjongo zokulawulwa kwemali kwaye yintoni imisebenzi yokulawulwa kwemali-makhe sizame ukuyifumanisa.
Yintoni ulawulo lwezemali?
Wonke umphathi kufuneka azi ukuba ukuphathwa kwemali kukusetyenwe kweendlela ezithile kunye nezixhobo ezisebenzisayo iinkampani ukwenzela ukwandisa inzuzo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokungabikho. Umsebenzi walo oyintloko kukufumana inzuzo enkulu kunemisebenzi yeso sifundo kwiminqweno yabanini. Kuqhelekileyo ukubhekisa kwimisebenzi ephambili yolawulo lwenkunzi:
- ucwangciso lwemali lwangaphakathi;
- uqikelelo lwemeko yeemali;
- ukulawulwa kweempahla ezikhoyo, ukuthengiswa kwempahla;
- Ukulawulwa kweefowulini zotyalo-mali, isakhiwo semali;
- ukugqitywa kwezivumelwano kunye namaziko ebhanki, iimali kunye neengxoxo.
Ulawulo lwezemali lobuchule
Yazi izinto ezisiseko zokwakha ishishini alaneleyo. Iinkcukacha zidlala indima ebalulekileyo apha. Unokufumana isiphumo esiphezulu, kuphela ukucinga zonke iinkcukacha kunye nokwakha isicwangciso sekhonkrithi yezenzo ezizayo. Ukulawula yonke inkqubo kubalulekile kuzo zonke izicwangciso zoshishino . Ulawulo lotyalo-mali luyiqhinga lolawulo lwezemali, oluya kuthi:
- ukhetho lweendlela zokuthatha izigqibo zotyalo-mali;
- Uvavanyo lwezinto ezibonakalayo zeprojekthi;
- ukhetho lweyona ndlela eyamkelekileyo yotyalo-mali;
- qi niseka ngemithombo yotyalo-mali;
Ukuvavanya utyalo-mali ngenxa yeempendulo ezahlukeneyo. Kuyavunywa ukuba iimali zinenzuzo xa:
- iindleko ezingaphezulu;
- ukubuyela kwintalo-mali kuyadlula ukunyuka kwamaxabiso;
- inzuzo yeprojekthi ethile inkulu kunabo bonke.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqwalasela into enjalo ngethuba, ngenxa yokuhamba kwexesha, ixabiso lemali lingancipha, kwaye ixesha elide lotyalo-mali lide lide, ingozi. Ngenxa yoko, ezi ndlela zihlala zisetyenziswa:
- ukuhlawula imali ngeniso;
- ukuphuculwa kwenkunzi;
- iindlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko wezinto ezibonakalayo.
Yiyiphi intsingiselo yolawulo lwegolide lwelawulo lwemali?
Ukuthobela imithetho ephambili kwishishini ngalinye kuhlala kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono. Ushishino lwazo alukho. Abaphathi abaninzi kunye nalabo bafuna ukubamba iofisi ephezulu bayazi kakuhle umthetho wegolide wokulawulwa kwemali. Ezinye iingcali kule ntsimi ziqinisekisa ukuba akukho nanye, kodwa ubuncinane ezi zintlanu. Ukubambelela kubo, unokuphumelela impumelelo kwaye uzivakalise njengompro kunye nomncintiswano onamandla. Kukho imithetho emihlanu yabalawuli:
- Ngeke kwenzeke ukuba uphumelele ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwezemali . Uninzi lwezinto ezingaphumeleli kwishishini ziyimpembelelo yolawulo olubi, kwaye ezi ziyi-investments ezinganeleyo, namatyala kunye nokungabi naso kwiindleko kunye neengeniso.
- Awukwazi ukulawula oko akunako ukulinganiswa . Nangona i-intuition isoloko isinceda kumsebenzi wayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulinganisa ukusebenza, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuba uzenze isigqibo malunga noko ulinganise.
- Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iibangela kunye nemiphumo yazo . Ukulinganisa isiphumo sokugqibela asanele.
- Ekubeni zonke izinto zihambelana, kunengqiqo ukuthelekisa nokuthelekisa . Oku kuyadingeka ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezingcono. Ukuba inzuzo iye yanda, ishishini kufuneka liphuhlise.
- Musa ukoyika ubunzima . Esinye isizathu esinokwenzeka sokungaphumeleli komntu woshishino kungaba yimeko apho ulawulo lubonakala lunzima kwaye luyinkimbinkimbi.
Iintlobo zolawulo lwezemali
Kuyavunyelwa ukwahlula iintlobo zolawulo:
- Ulawulo oluvuthayo luquka ukufezekisa iinjongo ngexesha elifutshane kunokwenzeka kunye nokusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwezixhobo eziphathekayo. Ngexesha elifanayo, izingozi ziya kuba ziphezulu.
- I-Conservative yinto echaseneyo. Nantsi injongo ephambili kukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kophuhliso lwenkampani. Kule meko, ingozi iya kuba yinto encinci.
- Ixesha elincinci lingabizwa ngokuba ngumngcipheko ocacileyo phakathi kokuzimeleyo kunye nobudlova. Injongo ephambili yeso sikhokelo kukuqinisekisa ukufunwa kwemithombo yezemali kunye nokudalwa kwee-inshorensi.
Iinjongo kunye neenjongo zolawulo lwemali
Iinjongo zale mphathi zihambelana ngqo nale mi sebenzi elandelwa yinto ethile. Kuyinto yesiko ukukhawuleza ukuphakanyiswa kwexabiso lemarike yoshishini. Imisebenzi yolawulo lwezemali lulandelayo:
- Ukwenza inani eliyimfuneko lemithombo ngokuhambelana neenjongo zophuhliso lwenkampani.
- Ukulungiswa kunye nokulungiswa kwakhona kwezinto ezikhoyo zexabiso kunye nenkcitho.
- Ukuphuculwa komgangatho weengozi zempahla.
- Ukufumanisa zombini iifom kunye nezindlela zokufikelela umlinganiso, iziphumo ezibonakalayo ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yophuhliso.
- Ukulungiswa kwezigqibo kwisicwangciso-mali;
- Ukuphuculwa kwezibalo.
- Ukulawula urhulumente kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemithombo yolwazi.
- Sebenza kumfanekiso wenkampani.
Imigaqo yokulawulwa kwemali
Ulawulo lwenkampani lunokuba lusezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa oku kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho ethile. Imigaqo eyisiseko yolawulo lwezemali:
- ukuqhelaniswa nokusebenza kwimisebenzi yophuhliso;
- Ukudibanisa neenkqubo eziqhelekileyo zolawulo;
- ulwabiwo kulawulo lwezocwangciso zentengiso kunye nezisombululo;
- ukwakha nokunamathela kwisakhiwo esithile senkampani;
- Ulawulo oluhlukeneyo lwemali kunye nengeniso;
- inhlanganisela evumelekileyo yenzuzo yoshishino kunye nokwandiswa kobutyebi;
- ukwakheka okunzima kwezigqibo;
- ezinamandla eziphezulu zobunkokheli.
Izindlela zokulawulwa kwemali
Ingqiqo yolawulo lwemali kufuneka iqondwe kuyo yonke inkokheli kule ndawo okanye kuloo ndawo. Ngexesha elifanayo, kubalulekile nje ukuba ukwazi, kodwa nokusebenzisa iindlela zolawulo lwezemali ngokusebenza:
- ukubikezela;
- cwangciso;
- inkqubo yokuncedisa ngemali;
- inkqubo yokuhlaliswa;
- i khredithi;
- zokuthengiselana;
- qeshisa;
- qeshiso;
- imisebenzi yokuthembela;
- inkqubo yokukhuthaza.
Ulawulo lwezemali - iincwadi
Ukulawula ibhizinisi kunye nengqondo kuya kunceda wonke umphathi wencwadi ngokuphathwa kwemali. Uncwadi olunjalo luya kubakhuthaza bonke abasomashishini bokamva kwaye bancede baqonde indlela yokucwangcisa ngokufanelekileyo isicwangciso senkqubo ukwenzela ukuba ekugqibeleni bafumane ukubuyela okuphezulu kwinkunzi-mali. Phezulu kwimiqulu edume kakhulu:
- A. Sheremet "Iingcamango zoHlelo loHlolo" ;
- I-Fepps "Izalathisi zoshishino ze-Smart" ;
- D. Clayson "Indoda ecebile kakhulu eBhabhiloni . "