Ukuba uza kutyala i-cherries kwiimbewu zentwasahlobo, ngoko ulungiselela lo mcimbi kufuneka ulungele. Imithi eneebomvu ezibomvu ziyakwazi ukuvelisa endaweni enye iminyaka engaphezu kwemashumi amabini, ngoko ke xa ukhetha indawo okanye indawo yokutyala akufuneki ukwenza iimpazamo ezingathandekiyo.
Indlela yokutshala i-cherries entwasahlobo?
Abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba ukutshala i-cherry entwasahlobo kunye namathambo kunokuvelisa iziphumo ezingalindelekanga. Ukuba awuyena umfuyi kwaye unqwenela ukukhula umthi wezityalo ngexesha elifutshane kunye neziqhamo ezimnandi, ngoko kunengqiqo kule njongo ukufumana umgangatho we-varietal seedling kwi-nursery eqinisekisiwe. Kukho iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo kwiiparitha eziphambili zokukhetha izinto zokutyala:
- Inkcenkceshelo yempompo.
- Intamo yengcambu ayinakonakaliswa.
- Kwi-trunk akukho zikhetho.
- Ubukho bezintso eziphilileyo.
- Kwizityalo ezilungileyo kwindawo yokuhlambulula, i-cortex iluhlaza kwaye ilumanzi.
- Ukunqunyulwa kwezimbewu eziphilayo kwiingcambu zimanzi kwaye zimhlophe.
- Ukuphakama okuphakanyisiweyo kwenzalo yonyaka malunga ne-70 cm, umthi oneminyaka emibili ubudala unemizuzu eyi-1.
- Kungcono ukutyala i-cherry entwasahlobo kwimifuno yaminyaka yonke okanye imithi emibini ubudala.
Kuphi na ukulungele ukutyala i-cherry kwisiza?
Kunconywa ukuba ukhethe umhlaba olungele ukutyala ii cherry ngezinga elimkelekileyo le-asidi. I-pH enkulu yale nkcubeko ngu-6.7-7.1. Umhlaba onobuthakathaka u-limidi (400 g / m 2 ), kwaye umhlaba ogqityiweyo unqatshelwe ngokusemthethweni nge-ammonium sulfate (40 g / m 2 ). Ukutyala okungathandekiyo kwee cherries kwiintlobo zentwasahlobo kwiindawo ezineendawo eziphezulu zamanzi aphantsi komhlaba, ngoko kungcono ukuphepha iindawo ze-peat-bog. Ngokuzaliswa ngokuchanekileyo komgodi kunye nokusondeza ngezihlandlo, esi sivuno sivelisa izivuno ezamkelekileyo kwihlabathi le-loess kunye nehlabathi elisihlabathi.
Isikhathi sokutshala i-cherry entwasahlobo
Abasemasimini abatyala ngelokwindla, kodwa kumgca ophakathi kunye nomntla kukulungele ukukhetha imihla yokutyala i-cherry entwasahlobo, ukuze ngokuqhelekileyo kungene ebusika ngexesha lokubanda. Ukuze ugweme uxinzelelo olunzima, zama ukubamba esi siganeko ngokuqala kokushisa, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba umthi ushiye ilizwe lokuphumla. Ukutyala, khetha iintsuku ezingapheliyo kunye nezingenangomoya ezinsukwini zokuqala zika-Apreli, de kube kuqhume ukuhamba kwe-sap uqalise iinkqubo zokukhula ezintso.
Ukutyala kwama-cherries ngexesha lokutyala entwasahlobo
Thabatha ingqalelo kwiingcambu zee-young cherry seedlings. Nakuphi ukuvuvukala okanye isebe ezineempawu zesifo ngokukhawuleza zisuswe. Ukutyala kwama-cherry ngethuba lokutyala entwasahlobo kuthinta iingcambu ezinqabileyo eziqingqiweyo, iingcebiso eziphawulweyo kunye nezonakaliswe ngexesha lokutsalwa. "Abanikezeli bokutya" abanikezeli ii-cherries kunye nezondlo, bavame ukubola baze batheleleke ngosuleleko. Senza i-disinferensi ngamacandelo emi-5 nge-1% ye-sulphate yethusi. Emva koko sukuma isistim kwinkqubo ngamanzi uze uyiphakamise kwisibhakabhaka sobumba ngaphambi kokutshala.
Indlela yokutshala i-cherry entwasahlobo?
Imithetho yokutyala i-cherries entwasahlobo iquka ukulungiselela umyezo okhethekileyo wezityalo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho womhlaba okhoyo kwisiza. Esi sityalo sithanda umswakama, kodwa ukuba amanzi angaphantsi asondela, ibangela i-oksijini yindlala, ipholile kunye nokubola kwe-rootlets, ukuqhuba kwama-berries rhoqo. Ukuba awukwazi ukumba umsele wamanzi uze uwukhuphe, kuyacetyiswa ukuba utyale entwasahlobo kwiinduli ezibonakalayo ukuya kwi-0.8 m high.
Sitshala iitriyiti kwilungiselelo lomthombo weentsuku
Isiqalo sokuqala segadi kufuneka siqonde ukuba ukulungiswa komgodi wokutshala i-cherry ngqo kukuchaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwembewu ngexesha lokuqala, isivuno kunye nesantya sokungena kwi-fruiting. Lo ngumsebenzi olula, kodwa kunqweneleka ukuwenza ngokuchanekileyo, ukusebenzisa iiluleko ngabagadi balwazi abanamava. Okokuqala, sinquma indawo yokulima umthi wezityalo ezizayo:
- Zama isithombo ukukhetha indawo esigxina, le nkcubeko ayithandi ukutshintshwa.
- I Cherry ikhula kakuhle kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo kwimimoya eqinile.
- Inqaba yokuhlala yocingo, apha ebusika inqwaba yekhephu iqokelela.
- Kuyinto engathandekiyo ukuba i-cherries ikhethe iitrogram, indawo enomdaka kunye nommandla wamanzi.
- Kungcono ukutyala ukuhamba kwindawo elalibheke kakuhle, ukuphakama, isantla kunye nezantsi-ntshona-ntshona, kuvaliwe kwimimoya yasentla, kuya kwenza.
- Ukuba umthi we-apula utsalwe kufuphi, kuyinqweneleka ukubeka umgodi womngcwabo entwasahlobo ngasecaleni lommelwane ophakamileyo.
- Kwi-cherumbra cherries ivelisa iziqhamo, kodwa ukungabikho kokukhanya kukukhokelela ekusweleni kwaye kuthintela isivuno.
Silungiselela umgodi wokutyala izithombo ze-cherry:
- Ububanzi bomngxuma we-landing ufike kuma-80 cm.
- Ubunzulu bomgodi we-cherry entwasahlobo i malunga ne-50-60 cm.
- Uluhlu oluphantsi nolusentla lomhlaba aluxube kwaye siwubeka emacaleni ahlukeneyo.
- Emsebenzini kuyinqweneleka ukusebenzisa umkhonkwane wokufika.
- Ngezantsi, siwuthululela umhlaba ukusuka kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ukuxuba kunye nezichumisi ezilungiselelwe.
- Ubuninzi bomhlaba ocebileyo ngaphantsi komngxuma lufikelela ku-8 cm.
- Umlinganiselo osasazo wokusinda uboniswa yizimbewu, ezifakwe entwasahlobo ngexesha lokutsalwa kwebhodi kumquba kunye nodongwe.
- Sifaka isithombo kwizantsi kwaye silungele iingcambu.
- Sifihla inkqubo yeengcambu kunye nomhlaba oseleyo.
- Sizama ukususa isigxina kwisithambiso ngomoya, sizalise ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye ngokukhawuleza sinqande umhlaba.
- Kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa umhlaba ngokucophelela, ukuze ungabandakanyi umonakalo kwiingcambu.
- Kwingqungquthela ye-trunk, yakha umgodi, ucime nge-platen encinane yomhlaba.
- Ngexesha lokunisela kokuqala sisebenzisa iibhakethi zamanzi ezimbini zokutya ezimbini.
- Lindela kude kube yinxalenye yokuqala yelwelo, kwaye uthele ibhakethi yesibini.
- Kunconywa ukuba ugayize ingqungquthela yesithintelo , ukukhusela umhlaba ukuba uphume.
- Sibopha imbewu ye-cherry kwi-peg.
Indlela yokufaka umquba umquba ngexesha lokutshala?
Amafomati ekutsalweni kwama-cherries asele ancedisa entwasahlobo yokuqala ukuvuselela iinkqubo zokukhula, kwintsimi embi le nkqubo inyanzelekile. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukudibanisa nomphezulu kunye nobuncwane obuqhekezayo bomhlaba obunokulungiswa kwendawo. Ukuba kukho i-humus, akuyimfuneko ukuthenga isichumisi esikhethekileyo se-nitrogen. Nantsi iresiphi elula yokuzalisa umgodi wokungena:
- Sinikela kwi-15 kg ye-humus.
- Superphosphate - 40 g.
- I-potash fertilizer - 30 g.
- I-ash ash - 0,5 kg.
Ukutsalwa kwezilwanyana ze-cherry emva kokutyala
Lo msebenzi unceda ukulinganisela umqhele ongenhla-mhlaba womthi ozayo kunye nenxalenye yawo engaphantsi komhlaba. Ukutsalwa emva kokutshala kwenziwa ngokulandela imiqathango elandelayo:
- Susa ukukhula okuphantsi ukuphakama kwe-30-50 cm.
- Amasebe athuthukisiwe kwisixa se-3-4 amaqhekeza ashiywe (kuba iqela lenza amaqhekeza angama-10), kodwa lifutshane ngo-1/3.
- Cima amahlumela aqondiswe ngaphakathi kwisithsaba.
- Ukunciphisa umqhubi ophakathi kwenziwa ngethemba lokuba umgca ophezulu ngaphezu kwegatsha eliphezulu le-cherry ngu-15-30 cm.
Ixesha lini le nto iqala ukuzala izithelo emva kokutshala?
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, ukuveliswa komthi we-cherry emva kokutyala kwenzeka kumaxesha ahlukeneyo. Qiniseka ukuba ubhale phantsi igama le-seedling ukuze ukwazi malunga nokuba ungalindela amajikijolo okuqala. Ngokomzekelo, u-2-year old sapling waseLibubskaya uhlala ujabulisa ngeentyantyambo ezisekhona kwii-nursery. Isiqhamo sokuqala seentlobo zeeTrocolate, iDessert Morozova okanye i-Dawn ye-Volga esifundeni sibonakala ngonyaka wesithathu weentlobo. E-Cherry Corn cherry cherry kunye ne Cherry-cherry cherry fruiting inqabileyo iyenzeka ngaphambi kokuba ineminyaka emine.