Ukuqalisa - yintoni efana nokuqala nokuphinda iqalisa?

Ukuze uvule ishishini lakho, akudingeki ukuba ube nenkunzi enkulu, kuba kukho isiqalo esitsha-ukuqala-up. Kwamazwe omanyano wabantu, ezo nkampani ziphela kuphela, kodwa kukho abantu abaye bakwazi ukuphakamisa iingcinga zabo kwaye bafumana imali eninzi kule nto.

Yintoni ukuqalisa?

Inkampani ezama ukuqonda ingcamango yayo engaqhelekanga kwaye inikeze iimveliso ezinomdla kuthiwa ukuqala. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi ziinkampani zincinci, kodwa zinokuvela kwishishini elikhoyo. Ukuqalisa kuyintlangano engadingi imali. Abaninzi bakholelwa ngephutha ukuba esi sikhokelo sisebenza kuphela kwi-IT sphere, ekubeni nayiphi na ingcinga efanelekileyo inokuzaliseka.

Ukuqalisa nokungafani kwezoshishino

Abanye abantu abanolwazi olungenangqiqo kwesi sihloko baqwalasela ukuqala kokuqala ukuba ibhizinisi elincinci , kodwa ngokwenene ezi ngcamango ezihluke ngokupheleleyo. Kukho iinkalo ezininzi ezahlukileyo ezikunceda ukuqonda intsingiselo yokuqalisa. Uphawu oluphambili oluhlukanisa ulwalathiso olutsha luyilo olutsha, oko, kubalulekile ukudala into entsha okanye ukuphucula okhoyo, kodwa ishishini elincinci kumaxesha amaninzi alunjalo. Ukuqonda ukuqala - oko kukuthi, kufuneka uqwalasele ezinye iimpawu

1. Scale . Amashishini amancinci anemida, ngelixa isalathiso esitsha sinekho, kwaye injongo yaso kukunyuka rhoqo.
2. Izinga lokukhula . Ukuqala, kubalulekile ukuphuhlisa kwisantya esiphezulu, ngelixa ushishino oluphambili luyinzuzo.
3. Ngeniso . Xa usebenzisa ingcamango entsha yokufumana inzuzo yokuqala, kunokuthatha inyanga, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iminyaka. Into eyona nto kukudala imveliso ekhethekileyo abathengi bayayithanda.
4. Te knoloji . Amashishini amancinane, ukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obukhethekileyo akudingekile, kodwa ukudala imveliso ekhethekileyo ngaphandle kwabo kuyimfuneko.
5. Umjikelo wobomi . Ngokwezibalo, i-92% yokuqalisa ivalwe kwiminyaka emithathu yokuqala, kunye namashishini amancinane, ixabiso li-32%.

Iintlobo zokuqala

Kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo apho ezinye iintlobo zeenkampani ezifanayo zivela. Ngokwezinga le-science-intensive kukho ukuqala-ups kusekelwe kwezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kunye nemibutho yemveli. Okokuqala kubandakanya ukhetho lwezentengiso olwakhiwe ngokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha ezenzululwazi, kodwa ezi zilandelayo azidingi ukudala ingcamango entsha. Kukho olunye uhlobo, ngoko ke iintlobo zokuqala ziyaziwa:

1. Umcimbi wobomi bonke . Abantu abaninzi baye balungiselela ishishini labo, basebenzisa njengesiseko sabo sokuzilibazisa, ekugqibeleni siqala ukuzisa imali.
2. Injongo kukucebisa . Kule meko, kwindawo yokuqala yikhokelo ethembisayo yeemarike, kungekhona imfuno yomnini. Injongo ephambili kukukhula ngokukhawuleza kweshishini.
3. Inkampani yentsapho . Imibutho enjalo imancinci kwaye ukungafani kwabo kubaluleke kakhulu. Oku kuquka, umzekelo, indawo yokutyela yentsapho okanye ihotele yangasese.
4. Amanyathelo omhlaba . Oku kuquka iinkalo ezikhokelayo kunye nabasebenzisi bokugubungela kwinqanaba lehlabathi.

Ungaqala njani ukuqala?

Ukuqonda ukuba ingaba imbono ecetywayo iya kuba yindleko nokuba ingaza kuzisa inzuzo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iinkcukacha ezininzi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuqala - oko kukuthi, kwaye kufuneka uqale ngokubonisa indlela ibhizinisi elenziwe ngayo eliza kukhangela emva kweminyaka emi-3-5, ingqalelo iimpawu eziphambili. Emva koko unako ukuqhubeka nokwakhiwa kwesicwangciso soshishino, esifanele sifake izigaba eziphambili zophuhliso lwenkampani: indalo, indawo, ukuphakanyiswa, abasebenzi, ukuphuhliswa kwemveliso nokusabalalisa, inzuzo enokubakho, ukulahleka okukhoyo, njalonjalo.

Ukuqalisa ukuxhaswa kwemali akubalulekanga njengengcamango engabonakaliyo okanye ebolekwe eNtshona. Sebenzisa zonke iinkcukacha ekudaleni ishishini elingafumaneka kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, eya kudala imveliso ekhethekileyo, kungekho ikopi yoshishino elikhoyo. Kukulungele ukufumana abahlobo, kodwa akufuneki kube ngaphezu kwembini. Ukuphumeza le ngcamango, ufuna imali-mali kwaye kukho iindlela ezininzi zokufumana utyalo-mali.

Ungaqala njani ukuqala?

Xa le ngcamango yaqaliswa, kufuneka ucinge ngendlela yokusasaza phakathi kwabathengi. Ukuqalisa ukuphumelela kunzima ukucinga ngaphandle kokukhuthazwa kwi-Intanethi, ngoko kuyafaneleka ukuqala. Ukuqala, kufuneka udale ii-akhawunti kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi omnxeba kwaye uqale ukukhuthaza amaphepha. Unokwenza ngokwakho, kodwa ukunciphisa ixesha odibanisa iinkampani ezikhethekileyo ezibonelela ngeenkonzo ezifanayo. Kukho ezinye iingcebiso eziza kunceda ukuqala ukuqala:

1. Ukubhalwa nokufakwa kwamanqaku okupapasha. Ukwenza oku kucetyiswa ngokuthe ngcembe, emva kokuphendula kunye nempendulo yabantu:
2. Ukuphakanyiswa kubalulekile ukukhetha umthombo ochanekileyo wezithuthi kwiziko.
3. Ukudala nokuvelisa ukukhangisa kweemeko.
4. Fumana abantu abaqhelana nabo kunye nabathengi.

Startups kunye notyalo mali

Ukuvula ibhizinisi lakho kwaye uqale ukwenza imali, akufuneki ukuba wenze utyalo-mali olukhulu. Ehlabathini, ungayifumana imimandla emininzi, xa ingcamango ekhethekileyo yaba sisiseko soshishino oludumileyo. Ukuqalisa ngaphandle kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kungavulwa ngumntu wonke, kubaluleke kakhulu, ukufumana isilathiso esifanelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-culinary sphere iyinto eqhelekileyo, baninzi baququzelela ukutya okugqithisileyo, iindawo zokutya kunye ne-confectioneries ekhitshini, ukwenza izitya zokuthumela ngaphandle. Ezinye iinketho zokuqala-ups kunye notyalo-mali obuncinci: iinkonzo ezibonakalayo kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezizodwa ngezandla zakho.

Utyalo-mali ekuqaleni

Ukukhangela umntu okanye inkampani eyenza utyalo-mali kwishishini lokuqalisa akulula. Kufuneka ukhethe umtyalomali ngengqondo, apho uya kuqwalasela imigaqo emininzi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhambelana nomntu, njengoko kuyimfuneko ukufumana umhlaba oqhelekileyo nomntu. Kubalulekile ukukhetha indlela yokuqhubela phambili, okokuba, ukuba utyalo-mali luya kuba linye ixesha okanye akunjalo, nokuba umtyalomali unelungelo lokuthatha inxaxheba ekulawuleni inkampani njalo njalo. Qinisekisa ukuba ubuze ukuba ngaba utyalo-mali unako ukwenza utyalo-mali ekuqaleni kokuqala, kwaye kukuphi. Kubalulekile ukuba igqwetha lithathe inxaxheba ekutyikityweni kwamaphepha.

Kuphi ukufumana umtyalomali ukuqala?

Kukho izikhokelo ezimbini eziphambili ekufuneni abantu abakulungele ukwenza utyalo-mali. Umthetho wokuqala ngumgaqo we-F (intsapho, abahlobo kunye namaziphukuphuku), oko kukuthi, ungabhekisela kwizihlobo, abahlobo kunye nezizatha. Isikhokelo sesibini kubandakanya ukukhangela abatyalo-mali ukuba baqale phakathi kwabo batyala imali kwiiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, inokuba ibhanki okanye iimali. Kubalulekile ukusondela kukhethwe ngumxhasi ngokucophelela, kuba akuxhomekeke kuphela ekuvelweni ngempumelelo kweshishini, kodwa nangomsebenzi oqhubekayo.

Iziqalo eziphambili kakhulu

Uqoqosho lwangoku lwelizwe luqwalasela impumelelo yeeprojekthi ezenziwe ukususela ekuqaleni. Kukho ezininzi zokuqalisa ezizisa izigidi zabaququzeleli babo:

1. Umzekelo ngu-Intanethi ye-taxi ye-taxi, eyenza inzuzo yeveki yezigidi ezingama-20.
2. I-startups enomdla kakhulu ixhamla ngokukhenketho, umzekelo, inkonzo ye- Airbnb inceda abantu ngokukhawuleza baqeshise indawo yokuhlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, abanikazi abanxibelelwano, kungekhona i-arhente.
3. Iindleko zale projekthi yi-$ 10 yezigidigidi. Omnye umzekelo wenkqubo yokugcina i- Dropbox ($ 10 billion).

Iincwadi zokuQala zokuQala

Ngelishwa, akusiyo yonke into esandula ukufumana ukufumana indawo kule ndawo kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi nokuba neengcamango ezikhethekileyo kubangela ukuhluleka. Oku kubangelwa kukuba abantu bambalwa kakhulu bayayiqonda indlela yokuqalisa - yintoni na, kwaye ukungabikho kwamava kunendima ebalulekileyo. Ukuze unciphise ubungozi, kucetyiswa ukuba ufumane ulwazi kunye nezakhono kule ndawo ngaphambi kokulungiswa kwenkampani yakho kwaye ngenxa yale ncwadi iincwadi ezinxulumene nokuqalisa azikwazi ukufaneleka.

1. Ukuqalisa i-G . Kawasaki . Umbhali ungomnye wabasunguli be-Apple. Incwadi ihlola iinkalo ezibalulekileyo zoshishino kunye nokuphathwa. Iibhunga zihlala zihlaziywa kwaye zixhaswa ngamaqiniso.
2. Ukuqalisa. Incwadi yenkcazelo yomsunguli S. Blank no B. Dorf . Umfundi unikezwa umyalelo wesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo malunga nendlela yokwenza ishishini eliphumelelayo. Iseluleko sabaqeqeshi abanolwazi luyakunceda ukuphepha iimpazamo.
3. Ukuqalisa ngaphandle kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali M. Mikalovits . Umbhali, kunye neengcebiso kunye nemizekelo yakhe, uqinisekisa abafundi ukuba ibonakaliswe yinkampani nayiphi na imeko kunye nayiphi na isabelomali. Ukuze uphumelele, ukholo olungagungqiyo kunye nomsebenzi onzima kubalulekile.