Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lomntu luyiparameter ebaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni ukuzimela komzimba wangaphakathi. Uxinzelelo lwegazi luqinisekisa izinga elifanelekileyo lokunikezelwa kwegazi kuzo zonke izitho, kwaye xa kukho utshintsho kwiiparameters eziqhelekileyo, kukho ingozi kuphela kwimpilo, kodwa nakubomi. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukulawula ubukhulu bayo.
Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo kumntu ngeminyaka
Uxinzelelo lwegazi lubonisa amandla apho ukuphuma kwegazi kuthintela iindonga zemithambo yegazi. Ukubaluleka kwalo kuhambelana nokuphindaphinda kunye namandla okulwa neentliziyo, kunye nomlinganiselo wegazi apho intliziyo inokudlula ngokwayo kwiyunithi yexesha. Ngomntu ngamnye, uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo luxabiso lunye, oluxhomekeke kubuhedeni, isimo se-cardiovascular system, indlela yokuphila kunye nezinye izinto. Ukongeza, iiparitha zeparameter ziyahluka ngexesha lemini, ezichaphazelekayo ngokutya, ukuxilongwa, ukuxininisa njalo njalo.
Oogqirha bamisela iiparitha eziphambili zengcinezelo yegazi, ekubhaliseni apho uninzi lwabantu lufumanisa ukuba lusebenza kakuhle kakhulu emzimbeni nasentlalweni. Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo kumntu omdala luxhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala, ngenxa yokuba ixesha elingaphezu kwexesha, uxinzelelo lwegazi lukhula kancane kancane. Kule nkalo, itafile yexabiso elithintekayo lokunyanzeliswa ngunyaka luye lwaphuhliswa. Imilinganiselo eyamkelweyo ivumela ukuvavanya impilo yezigulane, ukukrokra ubukho bezinto ezithile.
Wonke umntu kufuneka aqonde ukuba yiyiphi ingcinezelo eqhelekileyo umntu kufuneka abe nayo, kwaye luhlobo luni loxinzelelo olunokuthi luqwalaselwe ngokufanelekileyo kwimeko ethile.
Kufuneka ikhunjulwe ukuba ingcinezelo kufuneka ilinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo, ngeemeko ezilandelayo:
- Kunqweneleka ukubeka iliso ngexesha elifanayo lomhla.
- Isiqingatha seyure ngaphambi kokulinganisa, awukwazi ukusela iziphuzo ze-caffeinated, udle okanye umsi.
- Ngaphambi kokulinganisa, kufuneka ugcine ukuphumla okupheleleyo kwemizuzu emi-5.
- Umlinganiselo wenziwa kwisithuba sokuhlala, ukubeka isandla kwitafile kwinqanaba lentliziyo, ngelixa ungekwazi ukuthetha nokuhamba.
Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lomntu ngeminyaka (iminyaka) -tafile:
Ubudala bomntu, iminyaka | Umlinganiselo wexinzelelo, mm Hg. Ubugcisa. |
16-20 | 110 / 70-120 / 80 |
20-40 | 120 / 70-130 / 80 |
40-60 | ukuya kuma-140/90 |
ngaphezu kwama-60 | ukuya kwi 150/90 |
Uxinzelelo lwe-Systolic -
Xa ulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, amanani amabini aqoshiwe, ahlulwe yiqhekeza. Inombolo yokuqala - uxinzelelo lwe-systolic, yesibini - diastolic. Cinga ukuba yintoni uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic, obizwa ngokuba ngumphezulu okanye intliziyo. Ubungakanani bayo bubonakalisa uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngexesha le-systole - ukutyunjwa kwesisu senhliziyo. Ukuba isibonakaliso singasesikweni (kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi-engama-120 mm Hg), oku kuthetha ukuba intliziyo ibetha ngamandla kunye nokuvama, kwaye ukuxhatshazwa kweendonga ze-vascular kwanele.
Uxinzelelo lwe-Diastolic luqhelekileyo
Uxinzelelo lwe-Diastolic lugxininiso oluncinci lokuhamba kwegazi kwimibhobho, ejoliswe ngokuphumla okupheleleyo kwintliziyo yesisu, oko kukuthi, ngexesha le-diastole. Amanye amagama kulolu lathisi aphantsi, iisetyhula. Kubantu abaneminyaka enempilo eneminyaka ephakathi, uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-diastolic lusondele kwi-80 mm Hg. Ubugcisa. Esi sibonakaliso sibonisa ukumelana neesetyhula.
Uxinzelelo olungaphezulu nangaphantsi, umehluko luqhelekileyo
Kuphela kubalulekile ukubaluleka kweengcombolo eziphezulu kunye nezantsi. Oogqirha babiza eli xabiso i-index index, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo akufanele kudlule i-30-50 mm Hg. Ubugcisa. Ukuba izinga lokunyuka kwamagalelo landa, amathuba okuphucula i-cardiovascular pathology kumntu uphakeme. Kubandakanya oku ngezinye iinkalo kubonisa ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo okanye ukuhlaselwa. Ukongezelela, xa uxinzelelo lwegazi luyalinganiswa, phezulu nangaphantsi, umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwamanani ungabonakalisa umonakalo kwizitho zokutya, kwisifo sofuba.
Ngentlupheko enciphise phakathi kwexabiso loxinzelelo olungaphezulu nangaphantsi, kwakhona, i-pathologies eyingozi yenkqubo ye-cardiovascular is fixed, ekhokelela ku-hypoxia, ukuphefumula ukuphefumula, utshintsho olwenziwe ngqondweni, ukuboshwa kwentliziyo, njalonjalo. Ngamanye amaxesha kuphawulwa kwizigulane ezinezityalo ze-vegetovascular dystonia. Esinye isizathu sokuba ukuphambuka kwimiqathango ingaba ukuphuma kwangaphakathi.
Uxinzelelo luyanda
Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lomntu luqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwazo zonke izitho kunye neenkqubo, ukunikezelwa kwazo ngokwexabiso elifanelekileyo le-oksijini kunye nezondlo. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-systolic okanye i-diastolic luphezulu okanye zombini lwandisiwe, ngoko ke iimpazamo zokulinganisa kufuneka zifakwe ngaphandle. Okoku, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ukuba yonke imigaqo yokusebenzisa i-tonometer ibonwa. Ukongezelela, kuyimfuneko ukukhuphela ngaphandle iimeko apho kukho ukunyuka kwexesha elifutshane kwenycinezelo eliqhelekileyo emva kokupheliswa kwezenzo zabo:
- ukuxhalabisa ngokomoya;
- yomsebenzi;
- Ukutya ngokukodwa (ngakumbi emva kokudla ukutya okunamanzi, okunamanqatha, ukutya okumnandi);
- usela utywala;
- ku sebenza;
- imeko zemozulu.
Uxinzelelo olwandisiweyo - izizathu
Uxinzelelo lwegazi olude lwexesha elide (uxinzelelo lwegazi) lunokubangelwa zilandelayo:
- i-atherosclerosis ;
- ukuphulwa kwetoni yeethambo;
- kwandisa i-viscosity yegazi;
- Izifo zengqondo (izicubu, ukuvuvukala, izifo zengxube zengxube yezintso);
- osteochondrosis yomlomo wesibeleko;
- ukuhluleka kwe-hormonal (hyper- and hypothyroidism, i-Conn's syndrome, i-diabetes glomerulosclerosis, ipheochromocytoma);
- ukuthatha amayeza athile (izidakamizwa ezingenayo i-steroidal anti-inflammatory, imichiza yokukhwehlela, i-contraceptive);
- ukulimala kwengqondo;
- imikhwa emibi (ukusela rhoqo, ukutshaya)
- ukuxinezeleka okungapheliyo, ukudandatheka;
- nokukhululeka.
Uxinzelelo oluphakamileyo - iimpawu
Kukho iinqanaba ezi-3 zengxinzelelo yexinzelelo, ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zeetomometer:
- I-degree - ngaphezu kwe 140/90 mm Hg. p.
- II degree - ngaphezu kwe-160/1000 mm Hg. p.
- I-III degree - ngaphezu kwe-180/110 mm Hg. Ubugcisa.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba, iimpawu zomshukela-mzimba zizahluka, kwaye ukuqina kwazo akufani. Kukho imeko xa izigulane zingaboni nayiphi na imiqondiso ephazamisayo nonke, zivakale eziqhelekileyo kwiingcinezelo eziphezulu. Kule meko, sinokwazi ukubona ubuninzi beembonakaliso ezibonwe ngasemva kweengcinezelo ezinyuliweyo kwiimeko ezininzi:
- ingxolo ezindlebeni ;
- "Ukumangalisa" phambi kwamehlo;
- intloko (ngokuqhelekileyo yendalo).
- ukungcola;
- umnqweno wokuhlamba;
- ebomvu ubuso;
- ukuvuvukala;
- iipumpu ;
- intlungu esifuba;
- ntliziyo.
Umxinzelelo wegazi ophezulu - wenzeni?
Ukuba uxinzelelo lukhuphuka, amanyathelo kufuneka athathwe ukuzinzisa ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki zexinzelelo (xa iimpawu zee tonometer zidlulayo kwixabiso le-200/10 mm Hg). Ukuba ukunyuka kwengcinezelo yegazi sele kubhaliswe ngaphambili, kwaye ugqirha umisela isicatshulwa esichaphazelekayo, kufuneka uthabathe. Kwezinye iimeko, enye yeengcebiso ezilandelayo zingasetyenziswa: njani ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwendlu:
- Yenza amabhati okuhlamba amanyathelo ahlukeneyo amaminithi ayishumi, ngokuzenzekelayo ugxininisa iinyawo zakho emagqatsheni emva kokutshisa (imizuzu engama-2), emva kokupholile (imizuzwana engama-30) amanzi.
- Ukwenza unyawo lucindezeleke, yintoni ekuhlambulula i-viniga ye-apleki ngamanzi, kwaye, xa unomsila kwisisombululo ithawula, ukugubungela iinyawo zabo ngemizuzu eyi-10-15.
- Faka isicelo emva kwentamo okanye ithole leetard ye-7-10 imizuzu.
Uxinzelelo luyancitshiswa
Ukuba iinkozo zeetonometer zingaphantsi koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lomntu onempilo, kodwa imeko yonke ayikwaphuli, le nto ingaqwalaselwa njengomntu ngamnye. Ukuba abantu abanjalo baphakanyiswa ngokunyanzelekayo (unyango okanye ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezidumile), bazive behlaselwa kwintlalo yabo. Ngokuqhelekileyo uxinzelelo lwezonyango luyabonakala kwiimbaleki zengcali, zide zivelele kwimithwalo enzima. Ukongezelela, uxinzelelo lungahle lusehlise okwethutyana kwiimeko zokuphakama okukhulu kunye nomoya ongenanto.
Iingcinezelo eziphantsi
Isisombululo se-hypotension kwiimeko ezininzi zilandelayo:
- i-endocrine pathologies (i-hypo-or hyperfunction ye-thyroid gland, ukungazi kakuhle kweengxaki ze-adrenal);
- Ukulahleka kwegazi ngenxa yokulimala, ukutshisa, ukuphuma kwamanzi ngaphakathi;
- ukucima amanzi emzimbeni;
- ukungondleki;
- sepsis;
- ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezithile (izidambisi zokudambisa, i-diuretics, i-adrenoblockers);
- izifo zentliziyo (iingxaki zentliziyo, i-bradycardia);
- iimeko ezinzima.
Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi - iimpawu
Xa isibonakaliso se-tonometer siphantsi koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lomntu, kukho iziganeko ezinjalo zengqondo:
- ubuthathaka obunamandla, ukukhathala;
- intlungu entloko (kaninzi kwindawo yeetempile);
- ukungcola ;
- mnyama emehlweni;
- intlungu kwindawo yesifuba;
- ukuphazamiseka;
- ukuvakalelwa ngomoya;
- ukukhanya kwamalungu.
Umxinzelelo ophantsi - wenzeni?
Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwixinzelelo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo kubantu, ungathabatha isilwanyana esicetyiswa ngugqirha wakho. Ukongezelela, iindlela ezikhethiweyo ezilandelayo zonyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi lunokunceda:
- Yidla i-chocolate ye-dark, i-tablespoon yobusi okanye usele itiye efudumeleyo, ikhofi.
- Yenza i-acupressure, impembelelo kule mimandla elandelayo: indawo phakathi kwempumlo kunye nomlomo ophezulu, iindlebe, isalathiso sesalo sekhohlo.
- Thatha iswahlulo esahlukileyo , uqedele inkqubo ngenamanzi abandayo kwaye unamandla ukugubha umzimba ngomlenze.