Umsebenzi oqhelekileyo we-myocardium unikezwa yi-oksijeni, ezayo negazi ngeemithalo ze-coronary. Ukuba zonakaliswe, ukuhanjiswa kwe-biological fluid kuyingozi kwaye i-ischemia iyaqhubeka. Ngaphandle kokunikezelwa kwegazi okwaneleyo, izicubu zomzimba zibuthathaka okanye i-atrophies.
Ischemic heart disease - izizathu
I-pathology ephantsi kwengqwalasela ivela kwi-atherosclerosis yamathambo e-coronary of degrees. I-lumen yesitya segazi sinokuncipha ngenxa yecala le-cholesterol okanye ivalwe ngokupheleleyo. Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi ye-lesirosclerotic lesion, ezinye izimbangela ze-coronary disease (coronary disease disease) zongezwa:
- i-spasm yeerterotic coronary;
- thromboembolism;
- cardiospasm;
- ukukhutshwa kweenqanawa zeeronon.
Ischemic heart disease - udidi
Esi sifo sinenkinga enkulu kwaye engapheliyo. Ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko kunye nobuqili beempawu, kukho iintlobo zesifo senhliziyo esicacile:
- angina pectoris;
- i-infyoction ye-myocardial kunye ne-postinfarction cardiosclerosis;
- ukufa ngokukhawuleza;
- ntlungu okanye isilumko.
Ischemic heart disease - angina
Uhlobo oluthile lwe-pathology luhlukaniswe ngamaqela amaninzi ngokuhambelana neemeko ezibangela ukuhlaselwa okubuhlungu. Isifo senhliziyo esisifo esingapheliyo sibhekisela kwi-angina (ukuxhatshazwa). Ziye zahlula kwiiklasi ezine ezisebenzayo ngokwemigangatho yobunzima (I-IV). Izibonakaliso zolu hlobo lwe-angina ekuphenduleni ukukhathazeka ngokomzwelo okanye ngokomzimba.
Isifo senhliziyo yesichemiksi sentsapho engazinzile:
- qhubela phambili;
- kuqala kuvela;
- kwangoko emva kokusebenza;
- postinfarction.
Ezinye iindlela ze-angina pectoris:
- vasospastic;
- ngokukhawuleza;
- uguquko (stenocardia of Prinzmetal).
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuhlaselwa okubuhlungu kuyinkimbinkimbi nge-arrhythmia. Kuqwalaselwa njengemeko efana ne-angina ehleliyo kunye neyoqobo. IArrhythmia idibanisa ukubonakaliswa kweklinikhi yokuhluleka kwentliziyo yekhohlo:
- ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- isifuba;
- ukuvuvukala kwemiphunga.
Ischemic heart disease - myocardial infarction
Olu hlobo lwesifo lunokuba lukhulu kwaye luncinci, ngokuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo we-necrosis weethambo zomzimba. Izifo zesifo senhliziyo okanye i-heart attack ifuna ukulaliswa kwezibhedlele, ngaphandle koko kunzima kakhulu, kuquka ukufa, ukukhula. Esinye seziphumo eziqhelekileyo zokuhlaselwa okunjalo yi-cardiosclerosis (ukutsalwa kwe-myocardium). Ufumaneka malunga neenyanga ezi-2 emva kokuphazamiseka.
IHD - ukufa ngokukhawuleza
Isimo esingalindelekanga, esifanele siphumeze ukungazinzi kombane we-myocardium. Ukuba isifo senhliziyo esisisigxina siphumelele ekufeni okanye ngokufa kwangoko emva kweeyure ezingama-6 emva kokuhlaselwa, ukufa ngokukhawuleza kwe-coronary death is diagnostic. Kwezinye iimeko, imbangela yengxaki inokusebenzisa ezinye i-pathologies ye-myocardium-infarction, cardiosclerosis okanye i-angina pectoris enzima.
Ifom-free ifomic disease yesifo senhliziyo
Olu hlobo lwesifo alubanga naziphi na iimpawu kwaye izikhalazo azikho. Kunzima ukufumana ngaphezu kwezi zihlomelo ezingentla apha ze-IHD, ngoko ukukhubazeka kuqhubela phambili kwaye kaninzi kubangela ukuba kube nemiphumo eyingozi. Kubalulekile ukutyelela i-cardiologist rhoqo ukukhusela. Isifo esingafihlayo ischemic isifo esiyingozi, esafunyanwa ngengozi nakubantu abaselula. Ngaphandle kokonyango, kunokukhokelela ekufeni ngokukhawuleza.
Imiba yengozi yokugula kwesifo senhliziyo
Kukho imeko ebeka phambili ekubonakaleni kwentsholongwane. Ukuphuhliswa kwesifo sengqondo senhliziyo ishukunyiswa yizinto ezilandelayo:
- imfuza;
- ubudala;
- ngokwesini;
- ngxinzelelo lwegazi ;
- isifo sikashukela;
- dyslipidemia;
- ukunyanya;
- ukungasebenzi kwesibindi;
- i-atherosclerosis.
Isifo senhliziyo saseCoronary siqhelekileyo kubantu abaphila ngendlela engafanelekanga. Kuvela ngasemva:
- ukutshaya;
- ukutya okunengqiqo;
- usela utywala;
- i-hypodynamia;
- ukungabikho komsebenzi wokuhlala kunye nokuphumula.
Ischemic heart disease - iimpawu
Ubonakaliso obunjalo beklinikhi yesifo esichazwe ngumzimba wesifo sesifo esifumaneka kwindawo yangasemva. Impawu eseleyo ye-coronary disease isifo esithile, ngoko ke ayisoloko idityaniswa nesifo esichazwe. Ngendlela engenabuhlungu yokukhubazeka, izikhalazo azikho ngokupheleleyo, kwaye imeko yoluntu jikelele ihlala isesigxina ixesha elide. Ezinye iimpawu zesifo se-ischemic:
- ukuphefumla okufutshane, ngakumbi ngokuzikhandla;
- buthathaka;
- ukuvakalelwa kwesitenxo kwimisebenzi yentliziyo, ukuphulwa kwesigqi sayo;
- utywala kunye nesicathulo;
- ukuvuvukala kweemida eziphantsi;
- ukukhupha;
- ukuphazamiseka okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Ubuhlungu kwisifo senhliziyo yesichemicic
I-pathology echazweyo ihamba kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kuphela kwindawo yesifuba. Ngokuqhelekileyo isicikim isifo sibangela ukuba ubuhlungu buhlungu kwezinye iindawo zomzimba:
- sandleni, ngokuyininzi sishiya;
- buyela;
- umhlathi ophantsi;
- ihlombe;
- scapula.
Iimvakalelo ezingathandekiyo zinokuba nawuphi na umlingisi (ukubhoboza, ukudonsa okanye ukucindezela). Ekuqaleni, intlungu ayihlali ixesha elide, imizuzwana emibini, kwaye iyancipha. Kancinci, isifo senhliziyo siphumelele, kwaye iindawo ezininzi ze-myocardium zonakaliswe. Oku kukhokelela ekubanjweni kwexesha elide, ngexesha apho umbuzo onombuzo ukwanda.
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo senhliziyo
Kwamkela, i-cardiologist iqokelela ngokucophelela i-anamnesis. Kubalulekile ukuseka uhlobo kunye nobude be-syndrome yeentlungu, ukuhambelana nokusebenza ngokomzimba kunye nokwenzeka kokucoca ngamalungiselelo e-nitroglycerin. Ngethuba lovavanyo lwangokwenyama, ugqirha ufumene izibonakaliso zesifo se-ischemic:
- ubukho be-edema;
- ixhambile xa iphefumula;
- ukubetheka (isandi esiqhekezayo) emiphakeni;
- ukwanda kwintsholongwane yesibindi (hepatomegaly).
Ukugqatswa kokugqibela "kwesifo senhliziyo yesischemic" kusekelwe kwiindlela zeseyili kunye neebhoratri:
- i-electrocardigraphic standard or transesophageal;
- echocardiography ;
- Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-protein ze-enzymes, iswekile, i-cholesterol nezinye izikhombisi;
- i-coronary angiography.
Ischemic heart disease - unyango
Unyango lwaloo ntsholongwane luxhomekeke kubuqili balo nobunzima bawo. I-cardiologist ngokwayo ikhetha iindlela zokuphatha unyango lwesifo senhliziyo, kodwa kukho iziphakamiso eziqhelekileyo kuzo zonke izigulane:
- Ukunciphisa ubunzima bobuphi umsebenzi. Kancinci, zinokunyuswa ngexesha lokuvuselela.
- Nceda ubuyeke ubunzima.
- Nciphise ukungenisa ityuwa namanzi.
- Lungisa imenyu. Kuyithandeka ukuba ungabandakanyi ngokupheleleyo iimveliso ezifaka isandla ekuphuhliseni i-atherosclerosis - amafutha ezilwanyana, iimveliso ezibhekiweyo, ukutya okuthosiweyo, i-pickles, i-dessert.
- Ukuyeka ukusela nokutshaya.
Ukumisa iimpawu ze-IHD nokubuyisela umsebenzi we-myocardium, uphando lugqitywe ngekhosi yeyeza unyango. Ukuba kudibaniselwano namanyathelo aqhelekileyo akenzi ukuveliswa kwefuthe eliyilindelekileyo, unyango olungxamisekileyo luyacetyiswa:
- i-coronary artery bypass grafting (i-myocardial revascularization);
- angioplasty ibhaluni;
- Ukuqhawula;
- i-bougie yeempahla zecononary (ibhaluni dilatation).
Unyango lwe-coronary heart disease - iziyobisi
Ulwaphulo lwe-Conservative luphuhliswa ngokwahlukileyo kwisigulana ngasinye se-cardiologist, kodwa kukho isicwangciso esiqhelekileyo se-ABC, esibandakanya ukudibanisa amaqela amathathu amayeza:
- ama-antiplatelet agents - iThrombopol, Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Acecardol;
- beta-blockers - Niperten, Egilok, Dilatrend, Concor;
- i-statins kunye ne-fibrates-iSimvastatin, i-Lovastatin, i-Atorvastatin, i-Fenofibrate.
Ekubeni kubonakaliso lwezilwanyana ezihambelanayo, izidakamizwa ezongezelelweyo zichazwe. Ischemic - unyango:
- i-anticoagulants - i-Heparin, i-Fenilin;
- nitrate - isosorbide mononitrate, i- nitrolycerin ;
- i-diuretics - iLasix, iFurosemide;
- iziyobisi ezinciphisa i-lipid - polikozanol, i-Nolipid;
- izidakamizwa ezichaseneyo - i-Amiodarone, iCordarone;
- i-inhibitors ye-enzyme yokuguqula i-angiotensin - iCaptopril , i-Enalapril;
- i-cytoprotectors ye-mettolic - Mexicor, Coronater.
Ismicic disease - unyango kunye nezilwanyana zabantu
Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zeyeza kuvunyelwe kuphela ngemvume ye-endocrinologist njengonyango olumqondiso. Ngoncedo lwabo, izifo zesichekemic iyancitshiswa - izilwanyana zabantu ziyanciphisa uxinzelelo olunyukayo, ukukhawuleza ukususwa kobuthakathaka obuninzi emzimbeni kunye nokuphucula imetabolism . Ukulungelelanisa imisebenzi ye-myocardium kwaye ikhusele i-necrosis, ayikwazi.
Ukuvuna isityalo kwi-heartchem isifo senhliziyo
Izithako:
- iintyatyambo ze-hawthorn - 100 g;
- umquba uLeonurus - 100 g;
- umbala we-chamomile - 100 g;
- amanzi abilayo - 120-150 ml.
Ukulungiselela, sebenzisa :
- Dry materials raw to grind and mix.
- I-teaspoon yokuqokelela kufuneka ichithwe ngamanzi abilayo kwaye igutyungelwe.
- Ukumisela isisombululo imizuzu engama-20.
- Gxininisa umbane.
- Phuza lonke isixa semithi kusasa ngesisu esingenalutho.
- Qhubeka unyango uze uphuculwe ngokuqhubekayo kwintlalo.
Tincture ngentliziyo
Izithako:
- i-garlic entsha - 50 g;
- vodka - 120-140 ml.
Ukulungiselela, sebenzisa :
- Igrafu yegrafu, musa ukuyifaka ijusi.
- Thela i-gruel ne-vodka, gubungela.
- Ukugxininisa kuthetha iiyure ezingama-72.
- Izihlandlo ezintathu ngosuku, thabatha amaconsi amachiza ama-8, wongeze kwi-teaspoon yamanzi apholileyo, ahlanzekileyo.
- Inkqubo yonyango iintsuku ezingama-7.
Ukuphilisa i-decoction
Izithako:- Iziqhamo ezomileyo ze-hawthorn - 20 g;
- Amanzi angama 200-220 ml.
Ukulungiselela, sebenzisa :
- Ubilise amanzi, ufake amajikijolo kuwo.
- Ubilise isithelo imizuzu emi-2, cima umlilo.
- Ukunyanzelisa i-remedy phantsi kwesiqhekeza okanye kwi-thermo iiyure ezingama-2.
- Nciphisa isisombululo.
- Isiqingatha iyure ngaphambi kwesidlo ngasinye, siphuze iipunipoli ezi-2. iipuni zeyeza.
Yintoni eyingozi yengqondo yesifo senhliziyo?
Ukuhlolwa kwezilwanyana kungasigxina kwaye kuqhubela phambili, kubangela ukuba umonakalo ongenakuguquka kwi-myocardium kunye nemiphumo eyingozi. Ukuba isifo senhliziyo yesichemicic siphuthuma, iingxaki ezinokuthi zibe zilandelayo:
- cardiosclerosis ;
- ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwamandla emitha;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-automatism, ukuqhuba nokukhutshwa kwe-myocardium;
- ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi ye-systolic ne-diastolic;
- ukuphazamiseka kwekhontrakthi ye-ventricle engasekhohlo ("i-myocardium").
Isifo senhliziyo ye-Ischemic kwiimeko ezininzi kukhokelela ekunciphiseni ngokunyanisekileyo kwintsebenziswano ye-coronary circulation. Ngokudibanisa neenguqu ezichazwe kwiimpawu ze-atherosclerosis ze-arteries, oku kubangela ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo engapheliyo. Esi sifo sisoloko siyimbangela yokufa kwangaphambili, ngakumbi amadoda angabantu abadala.
Iprophylaxis ye-coronary disease
Ukuthintela ukuphuhliswa kwe-pathology echazwe, kuyimfuneko ukuthatha amanyathelo okugcina ukujikelezwa kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo kunye nokuthintela i-atherosclerosis.
Iprophylaxis yesifo senhliziyo:
- Ukuthobela kwimithetho yokutya okunempilo, ukhetha ukutya okuphantsi kwezilwanyana zezilwanyana kunye ne-cholesterol.
- Ukuyeka ukusetyenziswa kotywala nokutshaya.
- Ukuzibandakanya rhoqo kunye nokwemgangathweni kwimisebenzi yomzimba.
- Gcina ulawulo lwemihla, ukulala ngokugcwele.
- Ukugcina ubunzima obukhulu.
- Gwema ukukhutshwa kwengqondo kunye nomoya.
- Jonga uxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Qhagamshelana ngqo neengcali kwiimviwo zokukhusela.
- Yenza i-electrocardiography minyaka yonke.
- Ukutyelela i-sanatoria ekhethekileyo, ii-resorts.