Ukulima kwegalikhi kwintsimi kuyinto eqhelekileyo kubalimi. Le nkcubeko yezolimo engenakuthobeka iyimfuneko phakathi kwabantu abahlukeneyo behlabathi, isebenza ngempumelelo ekuphekeni nasezikhuselweni. I-Garlic inetyevitham ecebileyo, i-microelements, iioli eziyimfuneko, ezibangela ukunambitheka kwayo.
Iindidi zegalikhi kwindawo evulekile
Iindlela zokulima kunye nexesha lokutshala livumela ukuba sihlule iintlobo zegalikhi zibe ngamaqela amabini-
- izityalo zasebusika;
- entwasahlobo.
Iintlobo zasebusika zityalwa inyanga ngaphambi kokuqala kwimozulu ebanda, zineentloko ezinkulu, ubomi obufutshane bhedlele, ukuvuthwa kwangaphambili. Iindidi ezaziwa kakhulu zasebusika zi:
- Izinyo ezincinane. Iintloko ezinkulu, isivuno esicebileyo.
- Alkor. Umyinge wesayizi yombhobho enezipeki ezimnyama kunye nezibomvu.
- Lyubasha. Iiphakamileyo eziphezulu kunye namabala amaninzi afakwe.
- Herman. Ubomi obude obude, iintloko eziphakathi.
- Mphilisi. Eyona nto ibekezelela ukuhamba, ayiyikudubula, iintloko ziquka ukuya kuma-16.
Iintlobo zentwasahlobo ziyahlukana ngokusilela kweentolo, ixesha lokutshala, ubukhulu beentloko kunye nobude bokugcina. Ukutyala i-garlic entwasahlobo entwasahlobo, ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, isivuno sivunwa kamva. Xa kuthelekiswa nezityalo zasebusika, iintlobo zentwasahlobo zinamakhanda amancinci angagcinwa ubusika kunye nentwasahlobo. Eyaziwayo phakathi kwabalimi beloli emva kweentwasahlobo ezahlukeneyo zegalikhi:
- EMoscow. Ngokungafaniyo kunye nabalingani babo abaneentloko ezinkulu ezimhlophe.
- Gulliver. Iintloko ezityinyiweyo, ezinokugcinwa malunga neenyanga ezi-8.
- Victorio. Ephakathi ngobukhulu, ngeenxa zonke, iintloko ezimhlophe zinamazinyo aphuzi. Iindidi ezichasene nezifo kunye nezinambuzane.
Ukutshala igalikhi kwindawo evulekile
Ukulima kwegalikhi kwiimbewu akunakwenzeka, kuba imifuno iphindaphinda kuphela izityalo - amazinyo okanye ama-bulb air. Ezi zilandelayo ziintloko kunye neengqungqutyana ezincinci, ezikhula kwitolo. Amazinyo zombini kunye nama-bulbs anokuba yinto yokutyala ebeka phambili ukulungiselela, ixesha lokulima kunye nomjikelezo okhulayo. Isivuno sokuqala se-bulbs ziintloko kwizinyo, zijoliswe ekutyalweni kokulandelelana.
Indlela yokutshala igalikhi kwindawo evulekile?
Ukulima okufanelekileyo kwegallic kuthetha iindlela zokuqala ukuqeqeshwa kunye nokuthobela iteknoloji. Injongo ephambili yomyezo wegadi yinto yokukhethwa kwesiza. I-garlic iyakhethwa:
- intsimi;
- umhlaba ocebileyo, ogcwele umxholo;
- Ukukhulisa imifuno engcono kwimyezo, apho izityalo, izambatho, iklabishi yakhula;
- Abamelwane abahle kakhulu baya kuba yi-strawberry, i-strawberries, i-currants, i-gooseberries.
Umsebenzi wokuqala kwisayithi kufuneka uqhutyelwe kwangaphambili:
- Ekwindla kufuneka iguqulwe kwaye igqitywe ;
- Kwintwasahlobo (iintlobo zentwasahlobo), iiveki ezimbini ngaphambi kokutyala, umbhede kufuneka uphinde utywe kwaye utyilwe - i-humus, i-superphosphate kunye netyuwa ye-potassium;
- Umhlaba oqingqiweyo kufuneka ungatshatyalaliswa (i-lime, ufulawa wama dolomite).
Ukulima kwegalikhi kwindawo evulekileyo kuya kunika iziphumo ezifanelekileyo, ukuba ngaba izinto zokutyala zifanelekile kwaye zilungiselelwe:
- Ukutyala ukhetha iintloko ezifanelekileyo, kungekho zibonakaliso zentsholongwane;
- Amazinyo ayahlukana ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokuba atyalwe, ke iindoda eziphezulu zisuswe;
- Ukukhusela izifo zefungal, ama-denticles afakwe kwisisombululo se "Phytosporin" okanye i-manganese - ukukhetha.
Nini ukutshala igalikhi kwindawo evulekile?
Ixesha lokutyala igalikhi lichongwa yiindidi:
- Kubalulekile ukubeka i-garlic yasebusika ngenyanga ngaphambi kokuqala kwimozulu ebanda. Ngelo thuba amazinyo aya kuthatha ingcambu, kwaye ubunzima obuluhlaza abuyi kuba nexesha lokukhula.
- Ukufika kwegalikhi yasentwasaweni kwindawo evulekile eyenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (kuba umsebenzi awukwazi ukulinda ukufudumala okupheleleyo komhlaba).
- Iibhulebhu zomoya zohlobo lwebusika zityalwa, njengamazinyo.
Ukulima kwegalikhi kweli lizwe - icebo lokuhlawulela
I-teknoloji yokukhangela igalikhi inika isicwangciso esiqhelekileyo sokutyala kuzo zonke iintlobo:
- phakathi kwemiqolo - 20-25 cm;
- Amazinyo atholakala kumgama we-8-10 cm;
- ubunzulu benyosi nganye ngu-5 cm;
- emva kokutyala umbhede udibaniswe kwaye udibene;
- xa ityalalwa ebusika - umyezo uhlanganiswe ngamasebe okanye amaqabunga awele.
Unakekele igalikhi kwindawo evulekile
Ukulima kunye nokunakekelwa kolonki kwindawo evulekile kuncitshiswe ukuchumisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukukhulula umhlaba kunye nokuthambisa rhoqo. Unokuqala ukukhulula umhlaba kwiisitela emva kokuvela kwamacembe ama-2-3, ngoko inkqubo iya kuphinda emva kokunkcenkceshela. Ngethuba lempuma, inkcubeko yemifuno idinga ubuninzi bomswakama, ngaphandle koko akufaneleki ukubala kwisityalo esisityebi. Kudinga igalikhi kunye nokugqoka okuphezulu-nitrogen kwisigaba sokuqala, kunye ne-phosphoric-potash ngexesha lokuvuthwa.
Kuchaneka njani ukuhambisa amanzi egalini kwindawo evulekile?
Ukungabikho kobumswakama - kuyingozi kwigalikhi, kwiimeko ezinjalo iintloko zakhiwa kakuhle kwaye ziyekeke konke ekukhuleni. Ngoko ke, umbuzo wokuba utyilise njani igalikhi entsimini ufuna ucingisise ngokubanzi. Ngentwasahlobo, xa amazinyo eqala ukunika amahlumela okuqala esityalo, unako ukuwasebenzisa. Xa kungabikho imvula, kubalulekile ukuhambisa umhlaba ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngeveki (ngesantya seelitha ezili-10 nganye). Ehlotyeni, njengemifuno yemifuno, ukunyusa kuncitshiswa kwaye iintsuku eziyi-14 ngaphambi kokuvuna kupheliswe ngokupheleleyo.
Ukugqoka ephezulu kellic evulekile
Ukulima kwegalikhi kuthetha ukongeza ukutya. Isicelo sokuqala sesichumisi (humus) siwela kwisigaba sama-2-3 amaphephancwadi. Kancinci kamva, amahlamvu ahlanjululwa ngesisombululo se- urea (ngesantya se 1 litre nge-10 ilitha amanzi). Kwiiveki ezimbini kamva, isisombululo se-nitrofoss (i-2 tablespoons nge-10 ilitha amanzi) yongezwa. Ehlobo, ukucoca nge-nitrogen fertilizer kufuneka kumiswe - ngoJuni isityalo siphendule kakuhle ukutyilisa isisombululo se-superphosphate (2 iipunipoon nge-10 litres zamanzi).
Iigallic - izifo kunye neentsholongwane ngexesha lokulima
Amaqabunga aphuzi egalikhi xa ekhulile ngaphandle kubonisa uphawu lwesifo (ukuba akusikho ixesha lokuvuna). Izifo eziqhelekileyo zemifuno kunye nezinambuzane zayo zi:
- fusariosis;
- ukubola kwebhakteria;
- isikhunta esimnyama;
- i-anyan
- stem nematode.
Ukulwa nokusuleleka kwefungal kungenziwa ngeziyobisi ezikhethekileyo (i-Bordeaux fluid, i-Fitosporin). Kodwa akusoloko i-fungicides inika umphumo oyifunayo, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiselela kakuhle, ukucwangcisa nokukhetha imbewu. Ukulima kwegalikhi kwindawo evulekileyo yimithetho, kuthetha ukulwa nezilwanyana. Amaqabunga achaphazelekayo ngamaphuphu ayibonakaliso ecacileyo yomsebenzi we-anyanisi fly. Ukuze uyisuse, unokususa umsila obuluhlaza nge-saline.