UBrugmansiya - ukutyala nokunyamekela, imithetho ebalulekileyo yokulima

Abaninzi ukuhlobisa amakhaya abo bakhetha izityalo ezitshatyalalisayo ezifuna ukunyamekela, kodwa ubuhle babo buhlawulela yonke into. UBrugmansiya, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela okubandakanya imigaqo emibini ebalulekileyo, i-shrub ehlala isitshalo kwaye iyaziwayo ngeentyantyambo zayo ezingavamile.

Yintoni ekhangeleka ngayo?

Kukho inani leenyaniso ezisetyenziselwa ukuchaza le nkcubeko yeentyatyambo:

1. Kwintlango, izihlahla zikhula zibe yi-5 m, kwaye ekhaya, iintlobo eziphantsi zebrugmansii ziyasetyenziswa.
2. Amagqabi awona mkhulu kwaye anesimo se-oval kunye nemigca. Ekude, bangafikelela kwi-0.5 m.
3. Iintyatyambo ziyi-bell-shaped and bell-shaped. Ziyahlukana kwaye zikhulu, ngoko ububanzi bazo bufikelele kwi-20 cm, nobude-ukuya kwi-50 cm. Ngokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu ezihlukileyo zi no kupenda kwi-green, ebomvu, ephuzi, e-orange kunye ne-cream shade. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini kunye nemibala emithathu. Iphunga libizwa kwaye ngokukodwa liqinisa ngokuhlwa. Abaninzi banomdla xa ientyatyambo ziqhakaza, kwaye ngoko unokuyonwabela ubuhle kunye nephunga lemifuno ngonyaka ozayo emva kokutyala ukususela ngoJulayi ukuya kuDisemba.
4. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba isiqithi sinetyhefu, ngoko kufuneka iveliswe ngokucokisekileyo kwaye ihlonywe.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-bruggmansia, ezahlukileyo kwizinga eliphezulu lembali. Phakathi kwezona zinto ziqhelekileyo zabelwe ezi zikhethiweyo:

1. "Unomlilo" . Iintyatyambo zifikelela ubude obufikelela kwi-30 cm, kwaye zifakwe kwi-shade emhlophe okanye emhlophe.
2. "Golden" . Ubungakanani bude ubude bufike kwi-30 cm, kwaye banobumba obubanzi. Kukho zonke i-shades eziluhlaza. Iqabana leqabunga lincinci kule klasi.
3. "I-Snow White" . UBrugmansiya ubude bufikelela kumitha engama-3. Ubude beentyantyambo buyi-25 cm kwaye zimhlophe. Amagqabantshintshi ayavakala.
4. "Igalelo" . Olu hlobo lwe-bruggmansia, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela okwenziwa ngokubhekiselele kwimimiselo eboniswe ngezantsi, i-frost-resistant. Iibhonji zifakwe kwi-hue ephuzi, e-orange kunye nobomvu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iphunga alinamandla kangangoko kwezinye iintlobo.
5. "Imibala emininzi" . Phakathi kwabanye, le ntlobo iboniswe yimifuno ende, ngoko iyakwazi ukufikelela kwi-0.5 m. Yayifakwe kwi-shadow shade, kodwa ineminyaka yobudala, ingaba yi-peach.

Kuchaneka njani ukutshala i-бругмансию?

Kubalulekile ukukhetha ibhokhwe elungileyo eliya kutyala kwaye likhule isityalo. Ungasebenzisa itywala okanye iplastiki, kodwa kwimeko yesibini, yenza imingxuma ephantsi ukwenzela ukuba amanzi amaninzi aphume ngexesha lokunkcenkceshela. Ukuphuhlisa kakuhle i-brugmansia, ukutyala kufuneka kwenziwe kwitobi ephakamileyo, njengoko inkqubo yengcambu ikhula ngokukhawuleza.

Ukutshala imbewu ye-brugmansii

Izinto zokutyala kufuneka zibe zintsha. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba imbewu ikhululekile, ngoko amahlumela aya kufuneka alinde ixesha elide. Ukukhuphula i-brugmansiya yembewu ekhaya, ukuhlawulela kuphunyezwa ngokwemiqathango elandelayo:

1. Okokuqala, hlwayela izinto zokutyala usebenzisa ukukhula okukhuthazayo . Ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokuhluma, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqalise imbewu kuqala ukuphula igobolondo.
2. Gcoba umhlaba ngokuzeleyo uze uwuthulule. Ubunzulu bokutyala kwembewu bube ngu-1 cm.
3. Ukuhluma i-brugmansia, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela kufuneka kufake iifake isithinteli kunye nefilimu okanye iglasi ukwenzela ukudala imeko yokubumba. Xa kuvela amahlumela, susa indawo yokukhusela. Zichitha kathathu ngosuku, kodwa qaphela ukuba umhlaba akufanele unqunywe ngamandla.
4. U-Brugmansiya ukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye athathe kwelinye ibhodlo kufuneka kwenziwe, emva kokubonakala kweqabunga elithandathu leqabileyo.

Indlela yokutshala i-brugmansiyu cuttings?

Olu hlobo luyinto eqhelekileyo, njengoko isityalo sikhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhawuleza kwenzeka ngonyaka omnye. Kukho imithetho yokutshala i-brugmansiyu cuttings:

1. Ukususela kwi-shrub yomama ekunqunyeni amahlumela, ubude obungafanelekanga ngaphezu kwe-20 cm. Sika kufuneka sibe yi-cutical cuttings kunye ne-almatic arrangement of leaves.
2. Umsuka kumhlaba olungiselelwe kunye nococekileyo. Gubungela isitya kunye nengxowa okanye ibhotile. Kwiiveki ezimbalwa, amaqabunga kufuneka avele aze asuse indawo yokukhusela.

Brugmansiya - ekhula ekhaya

Kule ndawo yokutshala iindlovu ebaluleke kakhulu kukukhanya okuhle kwaye kwixesha lokubanda ngaphandle kokwenza ukukhanya okongeziweyo akunako ukwenza. Ukongezelela, i-hygrophilous, ngoko ifuna umhlaba omanzi kunye nomoya. Imiyalelo yendlela yokukhuphula i-brugmansiyu, kuboniswa ukuba ngexesha lehlobo, ibhokhwe ingafakwa kwi-balcony, kodwa kukhethwa ukuba kuyimpuma okanye ecaleni lasentshonalanga. Ukulungelelaniswa nophuhliso olufanelekileyo kukushisa kwe-13-26 °.

Umhlaba we brugmansii

Ukukhulisa le nkcubeko yeentyatyambo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe i-substrate yezondlo, okufuneka ichithwe ukuze kuvunyelwe umswakama. Kungcono ukulungiselela umxube womhlaba ngokwakho, ngoko ukutyala kungenziwa ehlabathini, okubandakanya iinxalenye ezimbini ze-peat kunye nxalenye ye-loam kunye ne-humus. Umxube olungeleyo uphakanyiswa ukuba uphathwe ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate yokukhutshwa kwe-disinfection. Ukuba akukho ndlela yokwenza umhlaba onjalo, ngoko isityalo brugmansiya sinokutyalwa kwisitoreji somhlaba, kodwa kufuneka sihlanjululwe kunye nomgquba .

Unokunyamekela njani i-brugmansia?

Imithetho yokunisela, ukusika izicathulo kunye nokucoca izakuxubusha ngezantsi, kodwa kufuneka sinake ingqalelo ekunyamekeleni isiqithi ebusika. Ekupheleni kwekwindla, ixesha eliphumayo liqala, ngoko kufuneka uyanciphise ubushushu bomoya ukuya kwi-7-12 ° C. Ukuze "ulale" brugmansiya, unyamekele utshintsho lwakhe, oluya kubandakanya ukuthambisa okungaqhelekanga, kodwa ukutyiswa akukhatywanga ngokupheleleyo. Musa ukuxhalaba xa isiqithi silahleka isiqwenga samaphepha, sithathwa njengesiqhelo.

Iifomflethi ze-brugmansii

Ukuchumisa isityalo siphendule kakuhle, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuyenza ngexesha, ukuqala entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Yongeza isichumisi nganye iintsuku ezi-7-10. Ukususela kwisichumisi kuxhomekeke ekubeni unamandla kangakanani kwaye uya kubaleka. Nangona iimeko zokunyamekela kunye nokugcinwa kwazo azifani ngexesha lonyaka, ebusika nakwindla yokugqibela akudingeki ukuba usebenzise izongezelelo. Ihlala ifuna ukufumana umquba we-brugmansiyu, ukwenzela ukuba ungasebenzisa zombini i-fertilizer kunye ne-fertilizer eqinile. Kungcono ukutshintshela amaminerali kunye nezichumiso eziphilayo, ukhetha ukunyusa i-phosphorus-potassium.

Brugmansia kwi-pot-watering

Umhlaba omanzi ngumqathango obalulekileyo wokukhula okufanelekileyo nophuhliso lwesityalo. Ukuba umhlaba umile, amaqabunga kunye neentyantyambo ziya kuwa. Ukuphucula i-brugmansiya, ukutshala kunye nokunyamekela ehlotyeni kungekho nje ukutyilisa kwansuku zonke, kodwa kwakhona ukutshiza amaxesha amathathu ngosuku. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kuyenziwe xa uluhlu oluphezulu lomhlaba lubomile. Ukuze ukhule kakuhle brugmansiya ekhaya, kufuneka unqume kabini ngexesha lobusika. Xa iibhetri ikhona, khumbula ukubeka iliso kumanzi, okungekho ngaphantsi kwe-75%.

Ukutshintshwa kweBrugmansiya

Xa isityalo sikhula kwaye amaqabunga aqala ukuwomisa, uyifake kwisitya esikhulu, ngaphandle koko iingxaki zingenzeka. I-pot entsha kufuneka ibe ngu-5 cm ububanzi kunaphambili. Gcwalisa itanki ngokucoca kunye nocingo lwe-substrate efanelekileyo. Ukukhula kakuhle kweentyatyambo ze-brugmannia ngaphambi kokufudlulela kwindawo entsha, kufuneka ususe amacandelo ambalwa aphantsi ukuze uhlaziye ihlathi. Kuhlala kuphela ukufaka isiqithi ebhodweni, engeza umthamo opheleleyo womhlaba uze uthele kakuhle.

Brugmansiya - izihlahla

Ukuba ufuna ukubona indlela izityalo ezinqabileyo ngayo, ngoko unonophelo kufuneka uquke izihlahla, eziphunyezwe ngokwemiqathango:

1. Inkqubo kufuneka ibe ngoFebhuwari okanye ekuqaleni kukaMatshi. Ukuba isithombo kumanyathelo okuqala asaphumeli asizange sibe neqondo lokukhula, okokuqala ukusika iziqhamo kwenziwa kuphela emva kokuqala kwezimbali.
2. Ukuprintwa akufanele kuthinte iiplagi eziyi-Y.
3. Xa uqhuba unonophelo oluchanekileyo, intyatyambo ye-brugmannia kufuneka ihlale kunye namasebe amancinci, amaqhina, athile. Bavunyelwe ukuba bancishiswe kuphela 1/3.
4. Ukucwangcisa izihlahla kuyenziwa kuphela ukuze kuphuculwe ukukhula.

Brugmansiya - ukuzaliswa

Ukufumana esinye isityalo, ungasebenzisa iindlela ezininzi:

1. Ukusika. Ngethuba lokucwenga, kukho amasebe amaninzi anokuba sisiseko sokuvuna izinto zokutyala. Ukusika i-brugmansii yinto efanelekileyo eyenziwa ngamasebe anenophu ene-branching. Qiniseka ukuba unqumle onke amaqabunga. Ukuphela kwesinqunqwana kufefa nge "Kornevin" kwaye kunzulu kumhlaba omanzi okanye ukufaka emanzini. Xa iingcambu zivela, tshintshela kwi-pot efanelekileyo.
2. Izixhobo zomoya. Ukuze kuqhutywe le nkqubo, kubalulekile ukuthatha udumo oluphucukileyo olunomntwana oneminyaka elilodwa, apho kukho ukukhankanywa kwindlela yokwahlula. Ubunzulu abufanele bube bukhulu kunelo. Phula le ndawo nge "Kornevin" kwaye uyifake nge- sphagnum emanzi. Faka "i-sleeve" ye-polyethylene kwindawo yokunqunyulwa kwaye uyigxininise ngee-bands elastically ekupheleni. Ukuba isebe liyaqhawula, sebenzisa inkxaso. Kubalulekile ukuba i-moss ihlale imanzi, xa iyomile, sebenzisa i-syringe ukuze utyilise. Emva kweenyanga 1-1.5. Ukuhluthwa kwemihlaba kuya kwenzeka kwaye unako ukuhlawula.
3. Imbewu. Imbewu yokutyala ayihlukanga kwezinye izityalo. Okokuqala, baphathe ngokukhula okukhuthazayo. UBrugmansiya uya kukhula ngokukhawuleza, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekelwa kwayo kuya kubandakanya iinkqubo ezi: ukukhusela ngefilimu, ekudalweni kweemeko ze-hothouse, ukuthambisa rhoqo kunye nokuhamba ngexesha eliqhelekileyo.

Izifo ze-brugmansii kunye unyango

Ngokunyamekela, unokujamelana nezilwanyana kunye nezifo, apho kufuneka ulahle khona ngokukhawuleza, ukwenzela ukuba intyatyambo ingafi.

1. Abantu abanomdla wokuthi kungani brugmansii amaqabunga aphuzi, bafanele bazi ukuba oku kungasabela kwisenzo se- spider mite . Ukongezelela, baya kuqhubeka bome baze bajike. Uphawu olucacileyo lukho ubukho bewebhu. Ukukrazula i-disest, yenza i-3-4 yonyango kunye nokulungiswa kwe-acaricidal. Njengomlinganiselo wokuthintela, kucetyiswa ukuba uthathe ibhokhwe emoyeni omtsha, kwaye ukuba ukushisa kunamandla, uphefle ihlathi.
2. UBrugmansiya, ukuhlaselwa kunye nokunyamekela okwenziwa ngaphandle kokuthotyelwa kwemithetho, kunokuchaphazeleka ngokubola kwegrey okanye isikhumba se powdery . Kule meko, iingubo ezimhlophe okanye ezibomvu zivela kumaqabunga kunye namaqabunga. Ukuze unyango, phatha isityalo ngefungicide. Inani lezonyango likhethwe ngokuxhomekeka kumlinganiselo womonakalo, kodwa kufuneka kube ncinane ezimbini.
3. Xa ukutyilisa ngokugqithiseleyo kunye nokugqithisa kwe-fluid kwakha ingcambu yefungus ukubola. Ukujamelana nesi sifo, kubalulekile ukususa iingcambu ezichaphazelekayo kwaye uphathe i ntyatyambo ngeziyobisi ze-fungicidal.