I-Psychology ye-Humanistic yabangelwa yimbonakalo enzulu yabantu baseMerika, ejongene nombuzo wokuba umntu uyintoni na, yintoni inokwenzeka kunye neendlela zokuphuhlisa. Ewe, le mibuzo yaphakanyiswa kwangaphambili kwaye yaqwalaselwa ngabameli bezikolo ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, iimfazwe ezimbini zehlabathi zakhokelela ekutshintshisweni kwehlabathi kuluntu, okubandakanya ukubaluleka kweengcamango ezintsha kunye nokuqonda.
Yintoni isifundo seengqondo zesintu?
Isihloko esiyinhloko sokufunda izikhokelo zengqondo kwizinto zengqondo ziphilileyo, zivuthiwe, zikhulile, zizama ukuphuhliswa ngokusisigxina kwaye zihlala kwindawo yokuphila esisebenza. Iingcali zeengqondo zezinto ezikhoyo zangezizinto azichasanga umntu kunye noluntu. Ngokungafani nezinye iindawo, babekholelwa ukuba akukho mbambano phakathi koluntu kunye nalowo mntu. Ngokuchasene noko, kwimbono yabo, yimpumelelo yentlalo eyenza umntu abe nengqiqo yobomi buntu.
Ubuntu kwizengqondo zesintu
Iziseko zeengqondo zengqondo zivela kwizithethe zefilosofi ze-humanism ze-Renaissance, i-Lighting, i-German Romanticism, iimfundiso zikaFuererbach, i-Nietzsche, iHusserl, i-Dostoevsky, iTolstoy, imfundiso ye-existingentialism kunye neenkqubela zefilosofi nezenkolo.
Indlela yeengqondo zesintu ibonakaliswa kwimisebenzi yabalo mbhali:
- A. Maslow, K. Rogers, S. Jurard, F. Barron, abavakalisa izimvo zabo kwimpilo ephilileyo, esebenzayo ngokupheleleyo;
- ekuphuhlisweni kobuntu kwizengqondo zengqondo, ingxaki yokuqhuba umbane kunye nokuphuhliswa komntu ngamnye, malunga neemfuno kunye nezindleko ezibhaliweyo ngu A. Maslow, V. Frankl, S. Bühler;
- Ingxaki yobudlelwano bobudlelwane kunye nokuchazwa kobunye ubudlelwane bachazwa nguK. Rogers, S. Jurard, R. Meyi;
- malunga neengxaki zenkululeko kunye noxanduva, wabhala F. Barron, R. May kunye noVr. Frankl.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubuntu bomntu buqwalaselwa kwimiba enje:
- Indoda ayikho isethi yamalungu, kodwa umntu wonke;
- Umntu ngamnye uyingqayizivele, ngoko kulungele ukufikelela kwimeko ethile ngombala wembono wakhe. Ngokusekelwe kulo mboniso, i-statistical generalization does not make sense;
- Ubomi bomntu yinkqubo enye yokuba ngumntu;
- umntu ungumntu osebenzayo ofuna uphuhliso;
- Ingqinisiso engundoqo yengqondo yimeko yamava;
- umntu unokukhokelwa yimigaqo yakhe kunye nemilinganiselo, eyamnceda ukuba, ngezinga elithile, azimele ezizimeleyo zangaphandle.
Izindlela zeengqondo zesintu
I-Psychology ye-Humanistic iye yaxhaphaka, eyakhokelela ekunyuseni kweendlela ezifanelekileyo ezi khokelo. Phakathi kweendlela ezidumileyo:
- ubugcisa bonyango - ukuzazi ngokwenza umzobo, umculo, ukunyakaza;
- ukuqeqeshwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngendlela ye-I.Shultz - ukucwiliswa ngaphakathi kwakho, ukunxibelelana nomntu ongaphakathi;
- ukubonakalisa nguC. Simonton - ukuqaphela iminqweno, izakhiwo zokwakha
ngokubonakaliswa; - amasu asempuma, okuquka ukucamngca, yoga, hatha yoga, taijiquan, tantrism, njl.
- izityalo ze-B. Reich, esekelwe kwingcamango yokuba izifo ezingapheliyo zibangelwa zizihlunu ze-muscle ezibangelwa uxinzelelo ;
- Iprogram ye-Neuro-language, i-founders are J. Grinder kunye no R. Bandler. Baye baqwalasela ngokukodwa kwiifom zezwi ezingasichaphazela ingqondo yabantu.
Kuya kuba okuchanekileyo ukubiza ingqondo yengqondo inzululwazi. Ngexesha lokubonakala, wathatha inqaku elibalulekileyo ekuqondeni ukuba kukho umntu, kwaye ngokukhawuleza waba yinto eqhelekileyo yenkcubeko.