- Indawo: Iphondo leNxweme, eKenya (phakathi kweNairobi neMombasa)
- Ummandla wendawo yonke: iikhilomitha ezingama-22 zeekhilomitha. km.
- Unyaka wesiseko: 1944.
- Iindleko zokutyelela: abadala - ama-dollar ayi-65, abantwana-30
I-National Park ye-Tsavo yenye yezona zikhulu kakhulu kwihlabathi, elikulo lizwe eliqhelekileyo laseKenya . Ummandla wayo uhlala kwi-4% yendawo yonke yelizwe kwaye i-22,000 square kilometer. Indawo yokugcina indawo yindawo eninzi yolondolozo, elisezantsi-mpuma yelizwe, kwaye iquka iWestern Tsavo kunye ne-Eastern Tsavo. Ngowe-1948, zombini iziza zakhuselwa.
Apha zikhona iimpawu ezinqabileyo zezilwanyana ezidweliswe kwiBlack Book. Kwipaki yesizwe nayo ifumaneka ezininzi izilwanyana ezinkulu ezifakwe kwi "Big Five". Ngoko, apha uhlala kunabantu abaninzi kakhulu indlovukazi yaseAfrika, efikelela kumawaka angamawaka asixhenxe. Ezi zilwanyana zithanda ukuthululela ubumba obomvu, ngoko zibizwa ngokuthi "izindlovu ezibomvu" (Indlovu ebomvu). Kwalapha kukho iindawo ezinamakhulu amahlanu ezintaka, kuquka iintaka ezifudukayo. Ininzi yonyaka, ngaphandle kwe-Oktobha-Novemba kunye no-Ephreli-Meyi, kushushu kakhulu kwimozulu. Ngethamsanqa, ngokusebenzisa indawo yokugcina amanzi ephuma emfuleni iGalana, eyindawo yokucebisa iintaka neentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Eastern Tsavo
Intsimi yaseMpuma ye-Tsavo, eqinisweni, yi-savannah eyomileyo, ehlanjululwe kunye namahlathi amaninzi. Ukuhambela kuphela inxalenye esezantsi kwendawo yokugcina indawo, apho umlambo ugeleza khona, uvulekile. Ngoko ke, abahanjethi abathandi ukuqhubela kule mimandla, beyithintela ukuzonwabisa ngezinto ezizodwa zeendawo. Nantsi inqanawa enkulu kunazo zonke eplanethi - i-Yatta plateau, eyakhiwe kwi-lava ecolile.
Ukuze iindwendwe zixhamle ngokusisigxina indalo yasendle, inkampu ekhethekileyo isondele, apho ungasichitha ubusuku kwaye ubukele izilwanyana zaseAfrika: i-bhotile, i-impala antelope, i-kudu, iibhokhwe zamanzi njalonjalo. Kwaye emthunzini "weemfesane zemithi" abavakhenkethi baya kuvezwa ngokusuka entliziyweni eluhlaza kunye nesithsaba (iiblue).
Ngexesha lesomiso, idama lase-Aruba, apho izilwanyana zifika kwindawo yokucwityisa, ziphantse zome. Kule meko, izilwanyana ziya kumlambo i-Athi, apho amanzi apheleleyo (ngoMeyi, ngoJuni, ngoNovemba) ubonakala kuyo yonke ubuqaqawuli bawo kwaye iphelela ngamanzi aphelayo aseLugarard. Kwiindawo zamanzi zihlala ezininzi iinambuzane ze-Nile, ezizingela izilwanyana ezingenakulingela zizama ukucima ukoma kwazo.
EMpuma ye Tsavo unokubona izindlovu, izitho, iimbumba, i-cheetah, iingonyama, iigrafes, umhlambi weeyubhra kunye ne-antelopes. Ephantse kwimpompo kuyindawo yokugcina i-rhinoceroses. Zonke iimeko zokunyusa uluntu lwale zi lwanyana zidalwa apha, kuba inani labaphangi liye lahla ukuya kuma-50 abantu ngenxa yabalimi. Kule nxalenye epaki kuneendawo zokuhlala kuzo iintaka ezininzi ezifudukayo zifika apha ekupheleni kwe-Oktobha ukusuka eYurophu. Apha kukho abakhi bamanzi, ama-palm vultures, abathambileyo kunye nezinye iintaka.
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Yintoni iWestern Tsavo?
Intsimi yaseNtshona Koloni, xa kuthelekiswa neMpuma, incinci kakhulu. Bahlukaniswe yinqwelo-mkhulu ye-A109 kunye nomzila. Ummandla wale nxalenye yepaki yesizwe iikhilomitha ezili-7 zeekhilomitha. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iiflethi kunye nezilwanyana ezihlukeneyo, kulezi ziindawo kukho iindidi ezingama-70 zezilwanyana. Kwiintsuku ezinqabileyo ezikhanyayo ukusuka apha unokuzibona indawo emangalisayo yeMount Kilimanjaro . Ukuma komhlaba kweNtshona Koloni kuyindawo enamaqhina kwaye kukho nezinye iintlobo zezityalo kwiindawo ezingasempuma.
Nayi kukho iChulu - ezi ziintaba ezincinci ezenziwe kwintsimbi ephoxisiweyo ngenxa yokuqhuma kwe-volcanic. Ziyakhula ngokuphakama kwamawaka amabini amabini kwaye zithatha umswakama, kwaye emva koko, ukubuyisela imithombo engaphantsi komhlaba, ubuyisele emhlabathini. Ngokomphandi, ubudala beentaba ezincinane kuneminyaka engamakhulu amahlanu. Le nxalenye ye-park ye-Tsavo kunye nemithombo yamanzi engaphantsi komhlaba ye-Mzima Springs yaziwa kakhulu, eguqulela ngokuthi "iphila". Ngokukhutshwa kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba, i-reserve yabumba amaninzi amaninzi yamanzi, anika izilwanyana ezinobuncwane obubalulekileyo. Apha uhlala ufumana amaqabunga, kunye nakwiindawo eziluhlaza ezijikelezileyo echibini, zizulazula ezimhlophe kunye nama-black hinoceroses. Oku kubonakala kuphela ebusuku, ngexesha lomsebenzi wabo, njengoko ezi zilwanyana zilindele emthunzini wemithi ngexesha lokushisa kwemini.
Izilwanyana ezinkulu zihlala zihamba kunye nababizwa ngokuba yi-birds cleaners, eziza kuqala ukunqanda ama-parasites neekhaksi ezihlala phezu kwesikhumba. Kuba ezi zinambuzane ezinamazinyo zihlala zihlala. Kwaye i-savanna engapheliyo nabemi bayo abaninzi bavula. Apha, ngaphandle kwabemi baseAfrika, kunye nezinye iintlobo ezinqabileyo, ezifana ne-antelope gerenuk kunye ne-giraffe gazelle, eyandisa intamo yayo engapheliyo ukufikelela kumaqabunga ezityalo ezikhulayo, iphinda iphile. Abadla ngokudla bahlala besondla kwizilwanyana ezifileyo kwaye ezibuthathaka, ngoko "ukhetho lwendalo" luvela - kuphela abantu abanempilo kunye abanamandla abanokuphila kwaye bavelise. Kwakhona, "oongikazi" basekhaya bahlambulula umhlaba wokufa kwezidumbu kunye nezifo ezichaphazelekayo.
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Iingonyama-i-cannibals ezisuka e-Tsavo
Ngowe-1898 ukwakhiwa komzila weloliwe kwafika kumlambo weLwandle i-Tsavo. Inkqubo yomsebenzi iphule ukulahlekelwa ngabasebenzi abaningana. Ngokukhawuleza abantu bafumanise ukuba bazingelwa ngeengonyama ezimbini ezinkulu ngekampu. Ubude bezilwanyana ezixhamlayo zazingamamitha amathathu, izilwanyana zazinqunyulwa ngabantu, nangona bobabini babesilisa. Ezi zilwanyana zilandelwa ngokukhethekileyo, zaza zabulala amaxhoba abo, kungekhona ngenxa yokuba zalambile, kodwa zibavuyisa nje. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu, ngokwemithombo eyahlukahlukeneyo, kwabulawa abantu abangamashumi amathathu ukuya kwekhulu. Abasebenzi bashiya yonke into baza ekhaya. Emva koko umphathi wezokwakha wanquma ukubeka izitya, ezizikhuselekileyo iingonyama. Emva koko, uJohn Patterson waqala ukuzingela izilwanyana kwaye wabulala kuqala, kwaye emva kwenkomo yerhamncwa yesibini.
Iingonyama ezivela e-Tsavo ixesha elide zangena kwiingxelo zendawo kunye neengcamango. Ngokuphathelele ababulali bendawo, kwaneentlobo ezininzi zeefilimu ezidutshulwayo:
- Ngo-1952, "Nkosi Bwana";
- ngo-1996, "uMoya nobumnyama";
- ngo-1959 "i-Killers ye-Kilimanjaro".
Indlela yokufikelela kwi-Tsavo National Reserve?
Ukuhamba ngomgwaqo omkhulu ukusuka kwisixeko saseMombasa ukuya eNairobi okanye ngasemva, uya kudlula ngesango eliphambili lommandla. Zonke iindibano kunye nemibhikano imakwe ngempawu. Unokungena kwibhasi (ixabiso li malunga namahlanu shillings) okanye uqeshisa imoto, kunye nangoko kunye nohambo olulungelelanisiweyo.
Abakhenkethi, abaye ba tyelela le ndawo yokugcina indawo, beza apha kwakhona. Ixesha elisetyenziselwe kwintsimi yase-Tsavo eKenya ayinakwanela ukubona zonke iindawo ezikhangayo. Intengo yetikiti ngamashumi amathathu anamanci mathandathu anesihlanu ama-dollar kubantwana kunye nabantu abadala ngokulandelanayo.
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