Ingane ene-Down Syndrome

I-Down's syndrome ayisisifo, kodwa i-anomaly anomaly ekhokelela ekutshintsheni okukhulu kumzimba. Akaphilwanga. Yingakho kuchanekile ukuthetha "isifo", kungekhona "ugula".

I-Syndrome ibandakanya isethi yempawu kunye neempawu ezithile. Igama lakhe wafumana umbulelo kumgqirha waseBrithani, okokuqala wayechaza-uJohn L. Down. I-Down syndrome yinto engavamile kakhulu. Kuye kuzalwa malunga nomntwana ongu-700. Ngoku ke, ngokubulela iindlela zokufumanisa abafazi abakhulelwe le mifanekiso ingaphantsi kwe-1: 1000. Indlela yodwa yokufumana ukuba umntwana unomdla ongaqhelekanga ukwenza uhlalutyo lwamanzi ukusuka kwintambo yomlomo. Bonke oomama abasemngciphekweni wendawo, kucetyiswa ukuba bakwenze.

Usana olutsha oluneNtsholongwane ye-Down syndrome

Oogqirha babantwana abanolwazi banokumisela okokusukela kwiintsuku zokuqala zobomi. Ziyaziwa ngeqela lezinto ezibonakalayo.

Iimpawu zomntwana ophantsi:

• ubuso obusisigxina kunye nempumlo ephilileyo;
• amehlo oblique. Kwikona langaphakathi liso kukho ipolisi;
• intloko emfutshane, intloko ephathekayo, iimpembelelo zeendlebe;
• uvule umlomo omncinci. Isibhakabhaka esifutshane, ulwimi aluhambisani, luphuma emlonyeni;
• hypotone - ithoni ebuthathaka. Ukuhamba okuhlangeneyo;
• I-45% yabantwana abanesifo se-Down syndrome banenxalenye enye ejikelezayo entendeni.

Njengomthetho, umntwana ophethe i-Down syndrome unemiphumo yangaphakathi. Ixhaphaka phakathi kwabo:

• ziphosakeleyo zenhliziyo. Zenzeka kwi-40% yabantwana;
• iingxaki ngokujonga. Ubunzima bokuzalwa, i-cataract, i-glaucoma;
• ukukhubazeka kokuva;
• isifo kwinkqubo yokutya;
• maxa wambi umntwana unokufumana ukuphefumula ebuthongweni, oku kungenxa yokungaqhelekanga kwi-oropharynx;
• izifo zenkqubo ye-endocrine;
• iziphazamiso kwisixhobo sokuhlawula (i-hip dysplasia, ukungabikho kombhobho omnye, ukuchithwa kwesifuba, ukukhula okuphantsi).

Nangona kunjalo, ukuxilongwa kokugqibela kwenziwa kuphela emva kweziphumo zohlalutyo kwinani lama-chromosomes. Yenziwa ngumfuzo.

Okona kuninzi, abantwana abane-Down syndrome balala emva kokuphuhliswa kwabo kwiontanga zabo. Kwakusetyenziswa ukuba abantwana abanjalo bayalinda. Kodwa ngoku kuthethwa ngokuncinci nangaphantsi. > Enyanisweni, ukuphuhliswa kwengane phantsi kuphuza, kodwa bayabantwana abafanayo njengaye wonke umntu. Kwaye ukungena kwabo ngempumelelo kwimpilo kuxhomekeke ekubeni abantu abasondeleyo bayakuphendula njani ngoku ngokuqonda.

Kutheni abantwana baka-Downa bezalwa?

I-Down syndrome ibonakala ngenxa yeengxaki zemizimba, apho kuyo yonke iseli yomzimba kukho i-chromosome eyongezelelweyo. Kubantwana abanobuchule, kukho iiyunithi ezingama-23 zama-chromosomes kwiiseli (iyonke 46). Inxalenye enye iya kumntwana evela kumama, enye ivela kwipapa. Umntwana onesifo se-Down syndrome kumabini ama-chromosomes angama-21 anesikhromosome esingekho ngaphezulu, ngoko le nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-trisomy. Le chromosome inokufumaneka kwimbini kunye neqanda ngexesha lokuchumisa. Ngenxa yoko, xa ulwahlula i-oocyte ne-trisomy, iseli ngalinye elilandelayo liqukethe i-chromosome eyongezelelweyo. Ingqungquthela, ama-47 ama-chromosomes avela kwiseli nganye. Ubukho bayo buchaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwendalo yonke kunye nempilo yomntwana.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantwana base-Downa bazalwa, de kube isiphelo singaziwa. Iingcali ziphawula iinkalo eziliqela apho le syndrome ivela khona kaninzi.

Izizathu zokuzalwa komntwana ophantsi:

1. Ubudala babazali. Abadala abazali, ophakamileyo amathuba okuba nomntwana one-Down syndrome. Umama uneminyaka engama-35, ubaba-ovela kwi-45.
2. Impawu zobomi bezobubele zabazali. Ngokomzekelo, kwiiseli zabazali, ama-chromosomes angama-45, i. 21 iqhotyoshelweyo kwenye kwaye ayibonakali.
3. Imitshato ehlobene.

Uphando lweentsholongwane zenzululwazi zaseUkraine luye lwabonisa ukuba imisebenzi yelanga iyakuchaphazela ukubonakala kwe-gene anomaly. Kuphawulwe ukuba ixesha lokukhulelwa kwabantwana abane-Down syndrome lilandelwa ngumsebenzi ophezulu welanga. Mhlawumbi, akukho yingozi aba bana kuthiwa yelanga. Nangona kunjalo, xa inyaniso sele iyenziwe, akukhathazeki ukuba kutheni umntwana ozalwa ne-Down's syndrome wazalwa. Kufuneka uqonde ukuba ungumntu ofanayo. Kwaye abantu abasondeleyo kufuneka bamncede angene kumntu omdala.

Ukuphuhliswa koMntwana nge-Down Syndrome

Ewe, abazali abanomntwana abane-Down's syndrome abayi kuba nzima. Ngethamsanqa, ngoku ngaba abazali abancinci banokushiya abantwana abanjalo. Kwaye, ngokuchaseneyo, bayamkela le meko, benze konke okusemandleni kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuphakamisa umntu onoyolo.

Loo mntwana unyanzelekile ukunyamekelwa ngonyango. Kubalulekile ukuchonga ukuba kukho nayiphi na imiphumo ebantwini, izifo ezithintekayo. Oogqirha banokumisela izidakamizwa ezizodwa ezinganciphisa impembelelo yesifo.

Abazali bahlala bekhathalele ukuba bangaphi abantwana abahlala e-Downa. Ngokomyinge, ukulinda kwabo ubomi iminyaka engama-50.

Umntwana one-Down syndrome ukhula ngokukhawuleza. Kamva uqala ukubamba intloko (ngeenyanga ezintathu), hlala (ngonyaka), hamba (ukuya kwiminyaka emibini). Kodwa le miqathango inokunciphisa ukuba awuyi kutsala kwaye ucele uncedo kwiingcali.

Ewe, kweli lizwe lethu ngoku aba bantwana abadalwanga iimeko ezifanelekileyo. Ukongezelela, ubandlululo lwabantu luyakuthintela loo bantwana ukuba batyelele igadi kunye nezikolo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiidolophu ezininzi kukho amaziko okuvuselela, iziko ezizodwa eziphambi kweziko zihlelwe.

Abazali bomntwana kufuneka benze yonke imizamo ukuqinisekisa ukuqhagamshelana ngokupheleleyo kunye nabantwana, ukuya kwizifundo kunye kunye neholide, njl njl.

Njengomthetho, kubantwana abanjalo inkqubo nganye yezifundo zenziwe, eziquka:

1. Iigymnastics ezikhethekileyo. Kubalulekile ekubunjweni kwamandla emoto. I-Gymnastics kufuneka iqalwe kusencinane kwaye yenziwe imihla ngemihla. Njengoko umntwana ekhula, ubunzima bokuzivocavoca luguquka.
2. Ukuzihlaziya kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokuvuselela umntwana. Ukukhuthaza uphuculo olubanzi kunye nophuhliso lomntwana.
3. Imidlalo kunye nomntwana: ngomunwe, osebenzayo. Imidlalo ebambeneyo ibaluleke kakhulu.
4. Ukufunda i-alfabhethi kunye neakhawunti.
5. Ukufunda nokukhumbula ngeengoma zentliziyo, iingoma zokucula, njl.

Umsebenzi oyintloko kukuba ulungiselele ngokukhawuleza umntwana onesifo se-Down ngokuphila okuzimeleyo. Musa ukuzihlukanisa nabantu, ungazifihli kwiindonga ezine. Uthando kunye nokunyamekela kuya kumnceda ukuba ahambe kuzo zonke iingxaki aze aphile ubomi obupheleleyo.