Impembelelo ye-Dunning-Krueger yinto ekhethekileyo yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Isiseko salo sisebakala lokuba abantu abanesakhono esiphantsi benza iipazamo, kwaye ngelo xesha bahluleka ukuvuma iimpazamo zabo - ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yeziqinisekiso eziphantsi. Bawagweba amandla abo ngokungenangqiqo, ngelixa abo baqeqeshe kakhulu bahlala bengathandabuzeki ubuchule babo kwaye baqwalasele abanye abakwaziyo. Bajwayele ukucinga ukuba abanye baqikelela ubuncwane babo njengabo.
Ukuphazamiseka kwengcamango ngokutsho kweDunning-Kruger
Ngo-1999, izazinzulu uDavid Dunning noYustan Krueger babethelela ingcamango malunga nobukho beli bakala. Ukucinga kwabo kwakusekelwe kwingqungquthela eyaziwayo kaDarwin yokuba ukungazi kubangela ukuzithemba ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokwazi. Umbono ofanayo wabonakaliswa ngaphambili nguBertrand Russell, owathi ngaloo mihla abantu abazizilumko badumisa ukuzithemba , kwaye abo baqondayo baninzi bahlala bengathandabuzeki.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kweengcamango, izazinzulu zaya kwindlela edibeneyo kwaye yanquma ukuqhuba uchungechunge lwezilingo. Kuhlolisiso, bakhetha iqela labafundi bezesayikrasi kwiYunivesithi yaseConell. Injongo yayikukubonisa ukuba kwakungekho nantoni na kuyo nayiphi na intsimi, nokuba yintoni, engakhokelela ekuzithembekeni ngokweqile. Oku kusebenza kuyo nayiphi na imisebenzi, makube isifundo, usebenze, udlale i-chess okanye uqonde isicatshulwa.
Izigqibo malunga nabantu abangenakukwazi ukuzenza zilandelayo:
- bahlala bekhokele ekuhloliseni ulwazi lwabo, izakhono kunye nezakhono;
- abakwazi ukuvavanya izinga eliphezulu lokwazi kolunye uhlanga ngenxa yokungakwazi kwabo;
- abakwazi ukuqonda ukuba abanakho.
Kwakhona kunomdla ukuba ngenxa yokuqeqesha bayaqonda ukuba babengenakukwazi ukwenza oko, kodwa oku kunjalo nakwiimeko xa igosa labo linyanzelekanga.
Ababhali belo sifundo banikezelwa umvuzo wokufumanisa kwabo, kwaye kamva ezinye iinkalo zomphumo weKruger zaphandwa.
I-Dunning-Krueger Syndrome: Ukugxeka
Ngoko, umphumo we-Danning-Krueger uzwakala ngathi: "Abantu abanezinga eliphantsi lo buchule benza izigqibo ezingalunganga kwaye benze izigqibo ezingaphumelelanga, kodwa abakwazi ukuqonda iimpazamo zabo ngenxa yezinga labo eliphantsi loqeqesho."
Yonke into ilula kwaye iyabonakala, kodwa, njengokuba kwenzeka njalo kwiimeko ezifanayo, le nkcazo yabhekana nokugxeka. Ezinye izazinzulu ziye zatsho ukuba azikho kwaye azikwazi ukuba ziindlela ezikhethekileyo ezibangela iimpazamo ngokuzithemba . Into leyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba wonke umntu eMhlabeni uthambekele ekuzicingeni engcono kunomyinge. Kunzima ukutsho ukuba oku kuhlolisisa ngokwaneleyo kumntu osondeleyo, kodwa kubona bulumko kunazo ezi zinto zingabikho kwisakhelo sokunene. Ukuqhubela phambili oku kuvela ukuba okungahambi kakuhle,
Ukongezelela, bekuphakanyisiwe ukuba bonke banikwe imisebenzi elula kakhulu, kwaye abahlakaniphile abanakukwazi ukuvavanya amandla abo, kwaye bengabalulekanga kakhulu-ukubonisa ukuthobeka.
Emva koko, izazinzulu zaqala ukuhlaziya iimpembelelo zabo. Banikela abafundi ukuba baxelele umphumo wabo kwaye banikeze umsebenzi onzima. Ukuqikelela ukuba kwakunyanzelekile ukuba ube nenqanaba elihambelana nabanye kunye nenani leempendulo ezichanekileyo. Okumangalisa kukuba, i-hypothesis yokuqala yaqinisekiswa kuzo zombini iimeko, kodwa abafundi ababalaseleyo baqikelele inani lamaphupha, kungekhona indawo yabo eluhlu.
Olunye uvavanyo lwaluqhutyelwa kwakhona oluye lwabonisa ukuba i-Dunning-Krueger hypothesis yinyani kwaye ilungile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.