Ngenkulungwane yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, isazi sengqondo seFransi uPeter Janet sakha ingqondo yengqondo yobuntu-ingqondo yengqondo.
Ingqiqo yaba yinto yesiqhelo kwisikolo saseFransi esikolweni, apho umntu wabonakala njengento yentuthuko yentlalo. Kuze kube ngulo xesha, ingqondo yengqondo ibonile isithuba esithile phakathi kwe-psyche kunye nokuziphatha komntu, okwakuthatyathwa kakhulu yi-psychology ye-associative. Kodwa ekubeni siphila kuluntu, sinyanzeliswa ukuba sihlale sisebenzisana nabanye abantu abanomdla ngezinye iinkanuko. Siyicombulula zonke iimbambano eziye zavela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: umntu wenza izinto ngokunyaniseka, umntu uhamba ngokungqubuzana, kwaye umntu ubonisa ulwaphulo .
Ingcamango yokuziphatha kwengqondo iqhube ngokuqhubekayo, ingathethi nje impendulo kwintliziyo ethile, kodwa ukusebenzisana rhoqo kwendalo yethu kunye nehlabathi elijikelezayo.
I-Psychology njengenzululwazi yokuziphatha komntu inokuchazela ukuphulwa kwezinto ezininzi kwi-psyche enxulumene nodlova lwentando ekunqobeni ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi: i-neuroses, hysteria, psychasthenia, njl. Indlela yokuziphatha, njengesihloko sengqondo, ivumela iingqondo zengqondo ukuba zilungise indima yezigulane.
Ukususela ngoko, akukho ncwadi enye ebhaliwe malunga neengqondo zezenzo zomntu kunye nomsebenzi. Enye yeencwadi zezifundo eziphambili ezibandakanyiweyo kwinkqubo yeeyunivesithi, kunye nokucetyiswa ngokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo ngabasebenzi bezentlalo, ootitshala kunye neengqondo zincwadi yi-V.Vendelevich ethi "The Psychology of Deviant Behavior ". Kuyo, unokufumana iindidi eziqhelekileyo zokuziphatha zabantu, ukongezelela, ekupheleni kwecandelo ngalinye uluhlu lweencwadi ezinconywayo luboniswe. Ukuba nomdla kwi-psychology yokuziphatha komntu, umntu akufanele akhiphe kwiqela labantu. Isihlwele sishukunyiswa ngumbutho ohluke ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ke i-psychology yokuziphatha kakubi iyahluke kwi-psychology yokuziphatha komntu ngamnye.
Kule nqaku, siza kujonga iintlobo ezintathu zokuziphatha zokusebenzisana kwethu nabanye abantu.
Indlela yokuziphatha
Ukuziphatha okungapheliyo kubangelwa ngumlingiswa wethu. Abantu abanamava abazi indlela yokuchaza ngokucacileyo iimfuno zabo kwaye, ngokusemthethweni, qhubeka malunga nabanye. Iziganeko zihlala zingenakuqinisekiswa, ukungabi namandla okuhamba nazo kunokuhamba kunye nomvakalelo wokungaphantsi. Ubugqithisi abuyinto yokuphila, ngamanye amaxesha sikhetha uhlobo lokuziphatha olufanayo, sinquma ukuba umphumo ongenjongo awufanelekanga umzamo kunye nomzamo. Abo baziphatha ngokungaqhelekanga, bahlala behlushwa ngumbuzo: ngaba benza ngokuchanekileyo kwimeko ethile.
Ukuziphatha okubi
Ukunyanyiswa kuthetha ukunyanzeliswa kwamalungelo omnye umntu kunye nokuzimela ngokunciphisa ukufaneleka kwabanye. Le ndlela ibhekisela kwisimo esisebenzayo, kodwa ubugwenxa bujoliswe kuphela ekutshatyalaliswa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuziphatha kakubi kuhambelana nokusebenza kwengqondo yabantu, ngoxa ukunganakwa nokunyaniseka kuyimpawu yabasetyhini. Ukuzifeza ngenxa yokuthotywa - ubungqina bokungabi nantembelo.
Indlela yokuziphatha
Ukukhangela ukulungelelanisa akuthethi ukungabi nantoni, kulo mzekelo umntu uzama ukufumana indlela yokulawula oko kwenzekayo. Ukuncintisana kubonisa ukuzithemba ngokwaneleyo, kunye nokucinga okulungileyo. Kulo hlobo lokuziphatha lubonakalisa isabelo esinamandla sokugxeka kunye nokukwazi ukuthatha uxanduva malunga nezigqibo zabo. Ngendlela yokuziphatha engahambelani kunye nobudlova, ngandlela-thile sidala ubunzima ngabanye abantu, ngelixa ukuziphatha kakubi akubandakanyi umzabalazo wokuphila, kodwa ukusebenzisana okunengqiqo.
Kukwazi ukulawula ukuziphatha komntu okubhekiselwe kwingqondo yendlela yokuziphatha kuba ngumlinganiselo ophezulu wokuphuhlisa ubuntu bethu.