Wonke umntu uyazi malunga neenzuzo zama-alimondi kunye neempawu zayo. Kodwa zingaphi iilmond ezikhulayo kwaye ingaba zinokwenzeka ukutshala kwindawo yendawo yokuhlala, kungekhona abaninzi abazi. Ukunyuka kwama-alimondi kuyinkqubo enzima, kodwa awudingi naluphi na ulwazi olunzulu lwe-agronomy okanye izakhono ezithile.
Iphi i-almond ekhulayo?
Esi sityalo sisihlahla esikhulu. Ubekezelela kakhulu ukushisa okukhulu kunye neqabunga. Ukuba ukushisa kwakho akuwa phantsi kwe -25 ° C kwinqanaba lakho ebusika, kwaye iintwasahlobo zentsholongwane azinqabile, unokuzama ukulula ukukhula kwama-almond endaweni yakho. Ekubeni i-almond nut ikhula eCrimea okanye eCaucasus nakweminye imida yasemzantsi ye-USSR yangaphambili, ayithathwa njengento yokungenisa.
Iphuzu elibalulekileyo ekuveleni kwama-alimondi kukukhethwa komhlaba. Ngokufanelekileyo, le mihlaba i-loamy, okanye ingcambu yobumba. Cinga ngeemeko ezisisiseko zokukhula kwama-almond.
- Ukuhla. Unokuqala ukutyala izithombo okanye kwiintsuku zokuqala zentwasahlobo okanye ngasekupheleni kwekwindla. Ukutyala kuya kuba neemeko ezintandathu ezahlukileyo, kuba i-almonds ikhula kuphela xa i-pollination (ngaphandle kokuba, ngokwenene ufuna ukuvuna).
- Ukunyuka kwe-pollination kwenzeka ngokwemvelo. Kwintsimi yakho yomyezo kufuneka ubeke umlenze ukusuka ekubaleni - umlenze omnye kwihektare ngalinye lomhlaba. Khetha iindawo ezikhuseleke kakuhle kwimimoya kwaye zivule kwicala lasezantsi.
- Ukwakhiwa komqhele. Xa ukhula i-almond shrubs emva kokutshala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izityalo ezineminyaka engama-nye zifutshane zibe malunga ne-80 cm ephakamileyo, kunye nesimo sesithsaba silinganiselwe kwi-30 cm. Ukuba kukho izihluma ezinzima, shiya ukuya kwiintlanu eziqinileyo kwaye unqumle. Ngaloo ndlela, senza isithsaba seminyaka emihlanu. Ukwenziwa okuqhubekayo kuncitshiswa ukucocwa kunye nokususwa kwamasebe omisiwe.
- Ukuba kamva ugqiba ukuqhuba ukuvelisa izityalo zomlambo, njengezitshixo ezingasetyenziswa ngazo zombini iintlobo ezinobumnandi nezibuhlungu kunye neminye imithi: ipau, ipereach, nepum iyakulungeleka, kodwa phantsi kwemeko ye-inoculation kwiminyaka emibini.
Indlela yokukhulisa ii-almond kwilitye?
Into yokuqala enokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo yindlela ephezulu yokungazigcineli iimpawu, imveliso kunye ne-biological. Indawo apho i-almond ikhula kakuhle kakhulu ixutywe kakuhle kwaye ikhuselwe ebusika ebusika kunye nemimoya eshushu. Ukuba ihlobo limelile, umhlaba kufuneka uhlale unomanzi.
Ekuqaleni kuyimfuneko ukumba amaziko okulima, kwaye ukulima kuvunyelwe. Unokuhlwayela ngexesha lokusukela ngoNovemba ukuya kuDisemba. I-furrow kufuneka ibe nobunzulu be-10-15 cm.
Ukuba utyala ngexesha lokuqala kwentwasahlobo, imbewu iya kulungelelanisa kwaye ihambe kunye nesihlabathi isilinganisi se-5 cm. Kwiqondo lokushisa lika-0-10 ° C, kuyimfuneko ukucwangcisa izinto zokulima ngale ndlela ukuya kwiintsuku ezingama-40.
Emva koko, sigcina umphumo: iingcambu ezihluma kakhulu zinokubanjelwa kwaye zivusa izimpande zecala. Emva kokuhlwayela, linda ude izithombo ziye zafikelela kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-15 cm uze uzifake iingcambu kwi-cm cm.
Kwizigaba zokuqala zemithi ye-alimondi ekhulayo, kubalulekile ukugcina umswakama lomhlaba kunye namanzi izityalo. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-cortex idibene kakuhle kwaye ububanzi be-trunk sifinyelela ku-1 cm, umzuzu wokufihla ufika.
Ukuba uceba ukumisa umnqweno ngqo kwindawo engunaphakade, thabatha amanqwanqwa amabini kumitha enye yomhlaba. Ukuba le yindawo yesikhashana, unokubeka kwiinqumle ezithandathu kwiimitha zesikwele.
Isigaba esilandelayo sokukhula kwama-alimondi esithambo siphuphuma:
- i-bandage ye-eyeglass ayisuswanga ngexesha lobusika, kodwa iyanciphisa iiveki ezimbini emva kwe-eyepiece;
- Ngokukhawuleza ukuba amaqabunga avela entwasahlobo, i-bandage ingasuswa, ukuba kukho amehlo anameleyo, kuya kufuneka uphinde u-inoculate;
- ngokukhawuleza xa i-oculist ikhula ngo-10 cm, ungayiluma ngomhlaba ovulekile, emva kwesinye i-10 cm iphinda iphindwe.
Emva koko, siyayinyamekela imithi, ingqalelo yonke imithetho engentla.
Kwakhona ulapha unokufumanisa ukuba ezinye iinkukhu zikhula njani, njengama-cashews kunye ne- pistachios .