Akuyena wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba i-tortoise yomhlaba, eqhelekileyo kwaye eqhelekileyo njengepilesi, ibhalwe kwiNcwadi eBomvu. Ukuba ngumnini wezinto ezinqabileyo kwimvelo ye-Central Asian reptile inoxanduva. Udinga ukwazi okuninzi ngokushiya nokugcinwa kakuhle, ukutya kunye nezinye izinto. Iimpazamo zabanikazi abaninzi beenqanawa ziphela ngokudabukisayo.
Iintlobo zethutho zomhlaba
Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa uthetha malunga nezihluthulelo zomhlaba, umntu kufuneka agcine engqondweni engapheliyo kuphela emakhaya ethu, ase-Asiya aseMntla. Kwimvelo, kukho iintlobo ezingama-37-abameli beli ntsapho. Uninzi lwabo - abemi baseAfrika. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kuthi iifotshane zomhlaba, iintlobo eziqhelekileyo eziye zazinza njengezilwanyana ezi zifuyo zilandelayo:
- Ihotele yaseMeditera. Amancinci (ukuya kutsho kwi-28 cm), kunye negobolondo eqinileyo, iinkophe ezenza umzekelo obunzima kunye neendandatho ezingaqhelekanga, ezimnyama ngaphesheya komda. Ukukhetha ukutya kwezityalo, ngokwemvelo ngezinye izikhathi kutyisa imifuno yomhlaba kunye nemisipha. Ngomncinci, ii-turtles ezinjalo azihlali ekhaya, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuthatha abantu abadala.
- I-carbon (i-red-legged). Ubude obude buyi-55 cm. Xa ugcina indlu yakhe, i-terrarium engacacanga nesihlabathi kunye nokuhlambela okungaqhelekanga kwamanzi inkqubo kufuneka. Ihlumelo le ntlobo yi-omnivorous - itya izithelo, imifuno, inkukhu okanye inyama yenyama. Iimeko ezikhethekileyo - ukushisa komoya ophezulu (akungaphantsi kwe + 27 ° С) kunye nomswakama ophezulu.
- Ingwenya yomhlaba. Ikhula ukuya kwi-60 cm ubude. Igobolondo layo liluhlaza mnyama, kunye neendawo ezincinci ezimnyama. Xa uhlala ekhaya, kufuneka ukondla utshani obuncini kuphela, nokuba kunjani na ukunika izithelo kunye nemifuno enomhlaza. I-terrarium kufuneka ifakwe kwisixhobo sokufakelwa kunye nesibane sokutshisa.
- Iholide enamandla. Enye yeentlanzi ezintle kakhulu. Enkulu (ukuya kwi-40 cm), eneqabunga eliphezulu, iimbopho ezimnyama okanye ezibomvu ezimnyama kunye ne-yellow patch efana neenkwenkwezi ezinemizila ehlukileyo. Zondla ngeenkuthalo ezinjalo ngokutya kwezityalo - ihluma kunye neengcambu ezihlaza.
- I-Central Asian turtle. Sonke saziwa kakuhle, ngegobolondo elincinci lombala obomvu obomvu kunye namabala amnyama. Ezi ntlanzi zikhula zifikelela kuma-20 cm ubude (abesilisa bancinci kunabesifazane). Ngokwemvelo, bawela kwi-hibernation kabini ngonyaka, ekhaya, kukulungele ukuphepha le nto, ukubonelela ngokutya okwaneleyo nokufudumala emoyeni kubo + 25-28 ° C.
Indlela yokugcina ihlumelo lomhlaba?
I-tortoise yomhlaba ekhaya idinga isimo sengqondo esinoxanduva kwimimiselo yokuvalelwa. Abaninzi bayalikhulula ngokuphosakeleyo "ngesonka samahhala" kuyo yonke indawo. Oku kuyinto engalunganga kwaye ayimkelekanga. Okokuqala, unokuyinyathela kwaye ubangele ukulimala. Okwesibini, i-turtle kufuneka inyuke ekhoneni elimnyama, inyuke apho ngothuli, oluya kwenza umonakalo omkhulu emiphakeni yakho. Okwesithathu, ukuba awufumani indawo yokukhusela, uya kuhlala apho elambileyo. Okwesine, emgangathweni ngokuqhelekileyo "uhamba", kwaye iifudu zifuna imozulu ekhethekileyo efudumeleyo. Ngoko ke, ufuna indlu yakhe-terrarium.
I-Terrarium ye-tortuise yomhlaba
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba zeziphi iindidi, iindawo zokuthutha ii-turtles kufuneka zibe zikhulu kangangokuba isilwanyana sinokuhamba ngokukhululekile, kufuneka sibe ne-substrate yentlabathi, i-gravel, i-straw, i-sawdust enobukhulu obungama-5-7 cm. Umoya kwi-terrarium akufanele iwele phantsi kwe-25 ° C. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba ne-tray engajulile kwi-terrarium ngamanzi, ukuze ngamanye amaxesha i-tortoise yomhlaba ingenza inkqubo yamanzi.
INdlu yefothu
Ekubeni i-turtles ilala ngobuninzi bemihla kwaye ikhetha indawo efihliweyo kunye neyodwa, kuyimfuneko ukuyakhela into enjengendlu. Ingaba ngumpu weentyatyambo ojikiweyo kunye nenqabunga, ibhokisi yeenkuni ibeke ngaphantsi-up okanye idibhodi enobumba ifakwe kwimeko yokukhusela. Ukhetho olulungileyo lunikwa kwizinto ezinokuhlamba, kuba umxholo we-tortoise yomhlaba uquka ukulawula rhoqo ukuhlambuluka kwendawo yokuhlala.
Isitampu se-tortoise
Ngaphezulu kwe-terrarium, isibane sokukhanyisa nokufudumala ngamandla angabi ngaphezu kwama-watts angama-60, kunye nesitrato sokusasaza ukufumana i-ultraviolet efunekayo, kufuneka ivule. Kanye emva kweenyanga ezintandathu kwisibane se-ultraviolet kufuneka ubeke endaweni entsha. Ukugcinwa kweenqabunga zomhlaba ngaphandle kwezibane kungabangela iingxaki ngempilo yepilesi. I-Ultraviolet iyimfuneko yokwenziwa kwe-calcium kunye negobolondo elukhuni, kwaye isibane esiqhelekileyo sisetyenziselwa ukufudumala emoyeni kwiqondo lokushisa elifunayo.
Ukunyamekela i-tortoise yomhlaba
Naluphi na uphutho lomhlaba lufuna unonophelo olufanelekileyo, olubandakanya ukugcina ukucoceka kwendlu yakhe, ngokwayo, ukuqinisekisa indlela efanelekileyo yobomi. Ngoko, unokunyamekela njani i-tortoise yomhlaba:
- rhoqo kunye nokutya ngokukodwa ngokuhambelana nokutya kwesinye;
- ukuhlamba emanzini afudumele rhoqo ngeveki - ihambisa iintlanzi zasemhlabeni zivuyisa kakhulu, ngaphezu koko, zandisa ukondla nokusebenza kakuhle kwezilwanyana;
- ukunyamekela iiflawu - ekuthunjweni abanalo ixesha lokugaya njengoko bekhula, ngoko kufuneka uzonqunyulwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngefowuni ekhethekileyo;
- ukuhamba ukuhamba ngomoya omtsha - kwiintsuku ezifudumele kunye nelanga kunceda kakhulu ukuba unike i-tortle ithuba lokuhamba emoyeni ovulekileyo, okukuphela kokubukela kuyadingeka ukuba ungaphazamiseki, ngenxa yokuba iyanyamalala ngaphandle kwamehlo enkcenkceshe ingaba ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu.
Yintoni ongayondla ithotho?
Umbuzo wendalo wokuqala ukuhluthwa - yintoni ongayondla ihlumelo ekhaya? Ukutya kwabo okuphambili kukutya ukutya - amajikijolo, iziqhamo, imifuno, ingca. Indlela eyona ndlela kukubondla umxube wezithako ezahlukeneyo-ngoko ukutya kwabo kuya kuhluka kunye nokulinganisela. Unokubeka ukutya kwi-saucer ephathekayo, into ephambili yinto yokukhwela ukuba ukhululekile nayo. Imifuno kunye nemveliso yeziqhamo ehlotyeni kwaye ifanele idibanise ne-clover, i-dandelions, i-sorrel, ihlume i-oats, iifama ze-pea.
IiVithamini kwiintlanzi zasemhlabeni
Izongezelelo ze-vitamin-mineral ziyinqweneleka ekudleni kweemfudu zomhlaba ezigcinwe ekhaya. Njengoko izithako zeemigodi zingenza i-carbonate, isidlo sesithambo, i-eggshell yomhlaba, i-glycerophosphate. Kufuneka ubenike ngesantya se-100 mg nge-1 kg isisindo sezilwanyana. Ngokuphathelele iivithamini, i-turtle yase-Central Asia ifuna imithombo yemvelo yamavithamini A, i-B12 ne-D3. Musa ukulungiselela ioli kunye ne-vitamin D2. Kumele athole yonke into ayifunayo ekudleni.
Indlela yokuchonga ngesondo sesiphuthu?
Kunokwenzeka ukuba uchane ngokuchanekileyo ngesondo se-turtle xa bekuyiminyaka eyi-1.5-2 ubudala, oko kukuthi, kwakukho ukukhula. Nazi ezinye iinkalo ezahlukileyo apho umntu angawagweba ngesondo sesidlova:
- Amacwecwe. Kwindoda zinyame kakhulu kwaye zinzima. Oku kuyimfuneko yokulungisa umzimba wabo ngexesha lokutshatisa. Amacwecwe amabhinqa afutshane kwaye adumber.
- Shell. Kwindoda, inxalenye engezantsi - i-plastron - inomxholo wokudibanisa, ngokungekho, kwinqumlo yabo baye bahluma (ukukhula koluhlaza). Konke oku kungenxa yesidingo sokuhlala kwintombi ngexesha lokubambana. Ubume begobolondo buyahlukahlukileyo: nakwabasebhinqa bujikeleziweyo, kwindoda ibude.
- Umsila. Iqumrhu lozalana le-turtles lisemsila. Ibhinqa likhulu, libanzi kwisiseko, kanti iwesifazane inomsila omfutshane kunye nomsila.
- Ubukhulu bezilwanyana. I-tortle yomhlaba ekhawuleza ngesondo kwaye ngenxa yobukhulu bayo. Ubume budale ibhinqa elikhulu, kuba kufuneka lithwale inzala. Xa i-aquarium ihlala ngabantu abaningana malunga nobudala obufanayo, lo mmahluko uyabonakala.
- Umbala wamehlo. Amabhinqa anamehlo aphuzi, abesilisa banamabala omdaka.
Izifo zethutho zomhlaba
I-tortle yomhlaba ekhaya inokujamelana nezifo eziqhelekileyo:
- Rickets. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-vitamin D3 kunye ne-ultraviolet, ii-turtles zihlala ziqala ukuthobisa, kwaye igobolondo iphosakele. Kwisigaba sokuqala, kufuneka uhlaziye ukutya kwayo kwaye uthenge isibane se-UV kwi-terrarium. Iingxube ezihamba phambili zifuna injection ye-calcium yezilwanyana, kwaye i-curbature yekhebolum iyahlala ingenakwenzeka.
- Ukuvuthwa, ukubetha, ukuvuvukala kwamehlo kukubonakalisa ukungabi nalutho lwe-vitamin A. Ukuba uyayibona le meko, hlanza endaweni kunye nesisombululo se-chamomile, ukuhla kwamanzi we-Albucide okanye i-Sofrax. Ukongezelela, iilungiselelo ze-multivitamin ziyimfuneko.
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezidumbu. I-Glistov ixothwa yi- Albendazole .
- Imihlathi, imiphunga. Ibonakalisa njengengcambu ye-runny kunye nokuphefumula okufutshane. Iimbumba ezinamaqabunga ziba mhlophe, zambethe iingubo ezimhlophe, i-foam. Ezi zifo zinyangwa ngamayeza.