Phakathi koogqirha beemfuno ezihlukeneyo, indawo ye-placebo inomdla othile-oko kukuthi kunye nokuba ungasetyenziswa njani. Eli gama laziswa ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amabini edlulileyo, kodwa ngoku kubekho umphumo we-placebo ukuya ekupheleni awukwazi ukucaciswa. Eli ligama lezinto ezingenasakhiwo esiluncedo, esetyenziswe njengemveliso yonyango.
Impembelelo ye-placebo - yintoni kwi-psychology?
Xa ufunda iimpendulo zezigulane kwiyeza zawo, kwaqaphela ukuba xa umntu ethembele kwisenzo sonyango, umzekelo, ukuphucula ubuthongo, nangona emva kokuthatha amavithamini (placebo), kuya kuba ngcono. Impembelelo ye-placebo yimbonakaliso yesenzo sonyango ngokwalo kunenkolelo yokunyanga. Akunabo bonke abantu abacetyiswayo ngokulinganayo. Uhlobo oluthile lweengqondo luchazwe, apho izidakamizwa zisebenza ngamanzi:
- Kuxubile.
- Yiba neengxaki zengqondo.
- Hinged.
- Masibe nesifo sokulahla.
- Hypochondriacs.
- Xineke.
Ngexesha lovavanyo, apho izigulane zithatha inxaxheba, owaziyo ukuba le nkunkuma yayiyi-placebo, iziphumo ezintle zenziwe. Kwizigulane ezinjalo, xa uthatha isikhokelo esivamile, kodwa ngokubonakala ngathi kufana neyeza zabo, umzimba ufumana utshintsho olufanayo njengonyango loqobo. Indlela ye-placebo ibonise iziphumo ezingcono kwonyango lokugula , isifo sika-Parkinson, ukuxinezeleka.
Impembelelo ye-placebo ingabikho kuphela kumayeza. Inokufumaneka kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, izenzo zesenzo, iiseshoni ezenziwa ngabantu abakude kumayeza. Ngenxa yentsholongwane yesigulane, ngoko ke, umphumo wolu hlobo unyango luchaphazelwa ngamaxabiso enkonzo ezinjalo, iinkqubo zentengiso, ukubonakala nokuthembeka kwamagqirha kunye nangaphakathi kwegumbi.
Iziyobisi zePazebo - yintoni na?
Abanye oogqirha bahlala beyalela izigulane zabo indawo yokuba indawo enjalo inokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo kwi-pharmacology. Kwizigulane ezithatha loo mayeza, kukho ulindelo oluthile lokuba abavelisi beyezabisi basebenzisa:
- Inkulu ipilisi, inamandla ngakumbi.
- Amagciwane anamandla kuneepilisi, kwaye i-droppers iphumelele ngakumbi kuneenjini.
- Amacwecwe amabi anamandla kunokuba amnandi okanye akanakulungi.
- Iipilisi zibuthathaka kunezikhondle.
- I-Blue calms, i-orange iphucula imvakalelo, i-psychotropic imele ibe yimfusa.
Ukongezelela, kunokuba iyeza libiza kakhulu, bhetele. Ukuba le nkunkuma ayinqabile kwaye ayikwazi ukuthengwa kuwo onke amayeza, kuthetha ukuba isebenza kakuhle. Ukuba ukubunjwa kunesithako esingenakuqondakala, kungcono kunemvelaphi yemifuno, kwaye iyeza lingaziphilisa zonke izifo. Oku kukwasetyenziswa ngamagqirha emveli, ukulungiselela imixube kunye neqoqo lezinto ezingaziwa. Kuphakanyisiwe ukuba umphumo we-homeopathy usekelwe kwindawo ye-placebo, ukuba isicatshulwa esifanayo, angangqiniswanga ngonyango.
Indawo ye-Placebo
Amalungiselelo e-Placebo anokuqulethe i-chalk yesiqhelo, kodwa ngokubonakala ngathi kufana nekhoyo. Oku kusetyenziswa kwizifundo ze-pharmacological ekufundeni amaqela amabini wezigulane ukuze afunde umphumo weklinikhi wamachiza amatsha. Kukho iqela lezongezo eziphilayo ezisebenzayo ezipapashwa kwiimidiya. La mayeza achazwa kwiimpawu zonyango, kodwa akukho zifundo zenzululwazi eziqhutywe nazo. Ngokwezinye izazinzulu, njengesiqingatha sezidakamizwa kumashalofu kwi-pharmacy-placebo.
Impembelelo ye-placebo kunye necebo
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-placebo kunye necebo akukho zenzo ezimbini ezichaseneyo kwi-psyche kunye nempilo yabantu. Ukuba unokwenza inzuzo yesilwanyana okanye inkqubo (placebo), unako ukukholisa isigulane ukuba xa uthatha iyeza, uya kuba nemiphumo emibi (nocebo). Kukho iimeko xa umntu exelelwe umhla wokufa kwakhe, kwaye wafa ngokwenene ngaloo mini. Ukuba ubonisa ukuba umnqweno wento uza kuba buhlungu, ulusu luya kubomvu kwaye intlungu ivela. Xa ulinde, ukuphendula okuxhalabisayo kukhula, okwandisa umveliso we-cholecystokinin, obangela intlungu.
I-placebo isebenza njani?
Iziganeko zengqondo kuphela zichaza umphumo we-theory ye-placebo. Ukufunda indlela i-placebo esebenza ngayo ibonakalisa utshintsho kwi-cortex ye-cerebral kumaziko anoxanduva lokuzonwabisa. Ukuqaliswa kwemveliso ye-hormone (endorphins), enokunciphisa intlungu efana ne-opium. Uphando olutshanje lufumene ukuba iimfesane zentlungu zingavinwa kwinqanaba lomgca. Konke oku kukhokelela ekubeni umntu unokukwazi ukuzilungisa, kunye nenkolelo kwilisi, kumgqirha okanye kwintengiso kuyisisongelo sokuqalisa le mpendulo.
Impembelelo ye-placebo ekulahlekeni komzimba
Ekubeni ubunzima bomzimba obuninzi buninzi, kwaye ukulahleka kwesisindo kunomdla omkhulu, iindlela zokuhlawula ezihlukeneyo zenziwa kwaye zaziswa ekulahlekeni kwesisindo ngaphandle kokutya kunye nokuzikhandla. Imfuneko yezo nkonzo kunye nempahla iya kukhula, kwaye iimarike zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ze-biological, amabhande, amacici kunye nezinto ezinjengeli njongo zanda ngokunjalo. Xa uthatha izidakamizwa, kunokwenene ukulahleka kwesisindo sokuqala, kodwa ekugqibeleni indawo ye-placebo yokulahleka kwesisindo ayibuhlungu.
Placebo kwimidlalo
Umgaqo we-placebo usetyenziswa ngempumelelo ngabaqeqeshi phambi kokuncintisana. Ukuzithemba komdlali kumpumelelo kunika umphumo obonakalayo. Izifundo zenziwa xa abagijimi bexelelwa ukuba bathabatha i-anabolic steroids. Izenzo ezifanayo zokunyamezela nokukhula kobunzima bomzimba zaqatshelwa, kunye nokudakwa kweziyobisi ze-hormonal. Kwakukho nemiphumo emibi, uphawu lwe-anabolics. Amachiza amaninzi asetyenziswa ngabadlali njengamandla, ekubunjweni anezinto ezinokuthi zingasebenzi.
Placebo kwishishini
Ukusetyenziswa okuchanekileyo kwe-placebo kuvelisa umonakalo wezentengiso. Oku kwakha i-PR-iinkampani, ukuthengisa, izakhiwo ezimangalisayo, izicwangciso zokuthengisa eziphumelela kuphela abo bathengisi abanokuqiniseka ukuba banokuthenga izinto okanye iinkonzo. Ukuqeqesha ngokubanzi ukukhula komntu siqu, isithembiso sobutyebi nokuchuma kwi-guru feng shui kunye no-esotericism basebenzise ukukholisa njengendlela ebalulekileyo yokukhanga abathengi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba, njengokwamkelwa kwamacwecwe amacwecwe, emva kokuqeqesha kunye neemina, umntu okholelwa kuye ngokwakhe unokuphumelela.