Ukucinga yinkqubo yomsebenzi womntu oqiqayo, apho ukubonakaliswa okwenziwe ngokubanzi kwanokungaqondakali kwenyaniso kwenzeka. Indlela ephezulu yokucinga yikhono lokungayiqondi kuphela into eyinyani, kodwa kwakhona ukuseka ukudibanisa okunengqiqo phakathi kwezinto eziyinyani.
Imisebenzi yokucinga kunye neendlela zokucinga
Ukucinga kusoloko kuthatha ukuba kukho uhlobo oluthile lweengcamango, ezinokuthi zinyani okanye zinyani. Ngokwakhe isakhiwo, imisebenzi elandelayo ecacileyo iyahluka:
- Ukuthelekisa yintsebenziswano yengqondo, ngexesha apho ukufana nokungafani phakathi kwezinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kusekwa. Oku kwenza ukuba kube nokwenza izigaba - uhlobo oluphambili lokuqonda ukuqonda.
- Uhlalutyo lusetyenziso lwengqondo, ngexesha apho izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zidibene ngokwahlukileyo ezibonakalayo kwaye emva koko ziyafaniswa.
- I-syntheth yintsebenzo yengqondo, kwixesha apho izenzo zichithwa khona: ezivela kummandla ngamnye uphinde uvuselelwe. Njengomgaqo, ukuhlalutya kunye nokuqulunqa ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhutyelwa kunye, okukhokelela ekuneni ulwazi olunzulu.
- Ukukhutshwa kwindlela yokusebenza kwengqondo, kwindlela apho izinto ezibalulekileyo kunye nokudibanisa kwezinto zichongiwe kwaye zahluke kwiimpawu ezingabalulekanga. Iimpawu azikho njengezifundo ezizimeleyo. Ukukhutshwa kukuvumela ukuba ufunde nayiphi na into ngokungakumbi. Ngenxa yoko, kuvelwe iingcinga.
- IsiGeneralization yintsebenziswano yengqondo, kwimeko apho izinto zengqondo zidibene ngokuhambelana neempawu eziqhelekileyo.
Le mi sebenzi enengqiqo iyahlala kunye kwaye ingasetyenziswa kokubili kunye kunye ngokwahlukileyo.
Iifom zeengqiqo (abstract) ukucinga
Cinga ngeendlela ezingabonakaliyo kunye neempawu zabo. Ingqikithi, ezintathu zazo zikhethiweyo, kwaye ngamnye olandelayo unzima kunzima kunokuba ungaphambili - lo mbono, isiphakamiso nesiphelo.
- Ingqiqo yindlela yokucinga apho ukuqonda kuchaza iklasi okanye iimpawu zezinto ezihambelanayo. Ngokomzekelo, imbono "inja" ibandakanya iPekingese, umalusi, kunye ne-bulldog, kunye
nezinye iintlobo. Eminye imizekelo yeengqiqo "ikhaya", "intyatyambo", "sihlalo". - Isigwebo sisitatimende (esilungileyo okanye esibi) malunga nento okanye impahla. Isigwebo sinokuba lula okanye siyinkimbinkimbi. Umzekelo: "Zonke iinja zibomnyama", "isihlalo singenziwa ngamatye". Isigwebo asisoloko siyinyani.
- Impembelelo yindlela yokucinga, apho umntu athola izigqibo ezivela kumgwebo ngamnye. Le yindlela ephezulu yokucinga, kuba kufuna umsebenzi ophezulu wengqondo. Ucwaningo lweengcamango. Umzekelo: "Imvula, ngoko kufuneka uyithathe itralela kunye nawe."
Kuyaziwa ukuba ukucinga kusoloko kunengcamango ethile, kodwa akusoloko iyanjalo. Ingqiqo yeyona yindlela ephezulu yokucinga, kwaye ikuvumela ukuba uqulunqe ukuxhomekeka okucacileyo.