Phakathi kwabagadi begadi, igadi yegadi iyakuthandwa, ukutshala nokunyamekela kungenziwa kwimizi kunye nasekuhleni kwaye kufuna ukuphunyezwa kwemithetho ethile. I sityalo sithathwa njengento efanelekileyo kwaye ngaphandle kokuqwalasela i-agrotechnics ethile kunzima ukufumana amaqabunga amahle.
Ukhangeleka njani umyezo wasegadini?
I-garden gerbera enemibala iyinkcubeko engapheliyo kunye ne-stem ne-rosette yamaqabunga amakhulu amakhulu kunye namacebiso acacileyo. I-inflorescences zayo ezinkulu, eziqhekezayo iindawo ezininzi ezixakekayo ngeebhasikiti ezininzi kunye neziko eliphuzi, elifana ne-chamomile. Umbala weziseko zizona zininzi-ezivela kumhlophe ukuya kumfusa (ngaphandle kobhakabhaka). Ukuphakama kwamahlathi kufinyelela kwi-30-50 cm, ububanzi be-corolla ngu-15 cm. Izimbali zegadi zaseGerbera zisuka entwasahlobo kuze kube yindla kamva, ngeli xesha kufika ama-buds angama-20 kumzekelo othile. Izimbali ezinemibala ekunqunyeni ifomu azilahlekelwa ngumtsalane wazo ixesha elide.
Iintlobo zegadi zegrabera
Kukho iintlobo ezili-80 ze-gerberas, ezahlukileyo ngobukhulu kunye neentlobo zeebhakethi, zahlula zibe ngamaqela amakhulu amabini - kunye neentyantyambo ezinkulu kunye ezincinci. Iindidi ezidumeleyo:
- UJameson - ukhokho wazo zonke iintlobo. Le gerbera ibheka ngokukhethekileyo kwintsimi, njengoko inesiqu esikhulu kunye namaqabunga amakhulu - ukuya kwi-15 cm ububanzi. Imibala eyahlukileyo, iibhasiki zi-terry, ezilula okanye ezinjengeenaliti;
- I-Wright- grown for cutting and creating bouquets, iqhakaza kude kube yubanda;
- I-Abhisssini , ngaphandle efana ne-chamomile - emhlophe ngeyona njongo ebomvu;
- iintlobo ezincinci-ezinamanzi ezinqabileyo kunye ezinqamlekileyo, ezifana no- Alcor kunye nombala omnyama we-cherry kunye ne- Aldebaran enebhokisi ebomvu ebomvu;
- iintlobo ezinqamlekileyo-ezivuthwe ezinkulu ze-American uhlobo lweVega okanye iMigar eneepinki zepinki;
- iintlobo eziphakathi kwamanzi amakhulu-aphakamileyo- iMars kunye nombala obomvu obomvu we-inflorescences;
- iintlobo ezinkulu ezinamaqabunga amacembe amaninzi - iDelios , uPetros , Romeo ;
- iintlobo eziphindwe kabini kunye nemizuzu emibini kunye neepalals ezincinci - uKalinka , Sonia , Viola ;
- iintlobo eziphindwe kabini kunye neenxalenye eziphindwe kabini kunye neepalals ezinkulu - i- Spark ebomvu emnyama;
- Iintlobo ezinomxholo omnyama - i- Vincent okanye i- Arendgost zithandwa kakhulu .
Umyezo waseGrabera - ukufika
Igadi ye-gerberas yokuhlobisa i-photophilous, ukutshala kunye nokunyamekela kwayo yenziwa kwiindawo ezifikeleleka kwimisebe yelanga ixesha elide kunokwenzeka ngeli xesha. Emva koko i ntyatyambo ayiyi kutyalwa ngamandla, iya kufinyelela ubungakanani obufunwayo kunye nombala wemibala eyahlukileyo. Ukukhula i-gerbera engadini, ukutyala kunye noongikazi kuqhutyelwa yimbewu ngokusebenzisa izithombo. Emva koko, ukuba ubeka imbewu ngokucacileyo kwindawo evulekile, abayi kuba nexesha lokuhlala kwiqhwa baze bafe. Ngokuveliswa kwembewu, isityalo esiphumela sichasene nomzali wakhe ngombala. Ukulungiselela amahlumela kuqala entwasahlobo.
Indlela yokutshala i-gerberas engadini?
Indlela yokukhulisa imbewu yegadi yase-gerbera engapheliyo:
- I-substrate engcono iqabunga, i-turf kunye ne-humus kwi-concentration: 1: 2: 1;
- Imbewu ihlwayelwa emhlabeni, iqondo lokushisa elingekho ngaphantsi kwe-18 ° C, eligqityiweyo isisombululo se-potassium permanganate;
- Ukuhlwayela kwenziwa kwibhokisi ekhethekileyo. Kwi-substrate ubeke imbewu, ufafaze i-peat, igubungele ngeglasi, udale izimo zendawo yokutshisa i-mini;
- Ukutyala okuxutywe ngamanzi afudumele kunye nomoya wonk
- ngomhla we-8 imbewu ihluma, ngoko iglasi ingasuswa;
- xa imbewu ihluma ebusika, ukukhanya okungeziwe kunye nezibane ze-fluorescent zinikezelwa;
- xa amaqabunga ama-3-4 avela kuwo, amahlumela afakwa kwiipateni ezahlukileyo;
- xa izityalo ziqiniswa kwaye amaqabunga angama-4-5 avela kuwo, anokutshintshwa kwiindawo ezisigxina. Xa ukutyala kubalulekile ukukhusela intamo yentamo emhlabathini.
Ukutyalwa kwexesha gerberas engadini
Ukuba ufuna igadi yegrabera ukuba iqhame kwisayithi, ukutyala kunye noongikazi kwenziwa kwintwasahlobo-ngoMeyi okanye ekuqaleni kukaJuni ebhedini okanye embhedeni, xa usongelo lwamaqabunga. Umhlaba ngeli xesha kufuneka ulungele ukufudumala. Imbewu iyakulungiswa ngo-Matshi-uEpreli. Enyanisweni, iintyatyambo zegadi zegerberas ezivela kwimbewu zingatsalwa naliphi na ixesha lonyaka, kuba izityalo zikhulile ngaphakathi. Ixesha likhethwa ukusuka ekubaleni ukuba iifom zokuqala ziya kubonakala kwiinyanga ezili-10-11. Ukutshala emva kwesityalo kwisityalo kunciphisa ixesha lokuvuna kwesityalo.
Gerberas kwintsimi - ukulima kunye nokunyamekela
Inkcubeko inothando-luthando kunye ne-thermophilic, ayinyamezeli isithwathwa. Indlela yokukhulisa i-gerberas engadini:
- Kwimimandla esezantsi ebusika, isiqithi sihlanganiswe ngoluhlu olubanzi lwamatsha okanye amaqabunga owomileyo. Ngentwasahlobo, xa iqhwa lihla, imveliso yokufudumala kufuneka isuswe.
- Kwiindawo ezibandayo ekupheleni kukaSeptemba, i-gerbera iyakucandwa kwaye ihanjiswe kunye nenqatha ebhodweni eneemithombo ezifanelekileyo ebusika. Faka isiqulatho osifunayo kwindawo eyomileyo nepholile, unakho kwisiseko. Oku kuyimfuneko, kuba kwisimo sezulu esinzima, izinto ezigubungelayo emhlabathini ovulekileyo aziyi kugcina i-gerbera.
- Bandisa isityalo ngokuhlukanisa isiqithi eneminyaka eyi-3-4. Inkqubo eyenziwa entwasahlobo ngo-Ephreli-Meyi. Ngexesha elifanayo, shiya 2-3 iincwadana ezincinci kwicandelo ngalinye. Ukutshala iintlobo ukwenzela ukuba i-rosettes iphakame kwi-1.5 cm ngaphezulu komhlaba.
Umhlaba wegadi yegerbera
Igadi yase-gerberas yokuhlobisa ukukhula kweemfuno ezikhulayo zomhlaba. Ukutyala, unokuzilungiselela umxube ngokwakho, uthathe inxalenye efanayo ye peat, amahlamvu kunye nesihlabathi. Ku luncedo ukongeza i-pine encinane okanye i-bark ye-wood kwi-substrate, eya kuyenza i-acidify the mix. Ungathenga i-primer eyenziwe ngokulungele kwisitoreji i-rose - iyafaneleka kakhulu.
Iintyatyambo zegadi zeGerbera - ukuchelela
Ngethuba lokukhula okusebenzayo kweentyatyambo, udinga ukunkcenkceshela okunzulu. Igadi yaseGerbera - unonophelo olufanelekileyo ngokucwiliswa:
- Ukuhlanjululwa kufuneka kube ngokumodareyitha - akukho kumiswa, akukho manzi aphantsi komhlaba akuvumelekanga. Xa kukho ukunganelanga okwaneleyo kumagqabantshintshi, kushiya umile, xa kuninzi - iziqu ziqala ukubola.
- Emva kokuphela kweentyantyambo, ukunyuka kuncitshiswa, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukunyamezela ukomiswa kweengcambu.
- Xa kutyiliswa, kufuneka sijonge ngokucophelela ukuba amanzi awela phantsi phantsi kwengcambu kwaye engahlali emaqabini, akazange aphumelele kulo mhlaba. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuhleni kwebhola nokufa kwesityalo.
- Ukuxutywa ngamanzi amile kwindawo yokushisa lokubanda, isiqabunga esibandayo singagula kwaye sivunwe.
- Kwiintsuku ezishushu, isithsaba sinokufuthwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Igadi yegrabera - eyongezelelweyo yokuchumisa
Ukuba iintyatyambo zikhula ngokukhawuleza, zidinga ukugqoka okuphezulu kunye nokushiya. Igadi yaseGerbera - indlela yokunyamekela nokutya:
- Kanye emva kweeveki ezimbini, isityalo sitsalwa. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa isichumisi samaminerali esityuliweyo kunye nesethi epheleleyo yezinto zokulandelela. Ngexesha lezityalo ezisebenzayo, ukuzenzela kukukhuthaza ukukhula okukhulayo kunye nokukhawuleza kweentyantyambo.
- Ukutya kuqhutyelwa ukususela entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla, ukususela ngoSeptemba bancitshiswe kube kanye ngenyanga, kubusika bayayeka.
- Kuphikisana nokusebenzisa amaqulatho ane-chlorine, ihashe, inkukhu okanye inkomo yenkomo. Zichaphazela kakubi ukuphuhliswa kwegerbera kwaye zikhokelela kwizifo ezingcambu.
Izimbali zegerberas - izifo kunye nezinambuzane
Umbala wegrabera enemibala, ukutshala kunye nokunyamekela okuveliswayo emhlabathini ovulekileyo, obangelwa zizifo kunye nezilwanyana ezinambuzane. Umgadi wezolimo unoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa kwakhe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze agcine ukubonakala okubonakalayo kunye nokubonakala kakuhle. Iingxaki eziphambili zokulima:
- Intamo engcolisa intamo. Isizathu sifungus emhlabathini kunye nokunyuka kwamanzi. Njengomlinganiselo wokukhusela, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise umhlaba ococekileyo kwaye ugcine urhulumente wokunkcenkceshela.
- Isifo sobunzima. Ingubo emhlophe kumagqabi ayichaphazela i-gerberas xa ikhulile engadini ebudeni behlobo lasebushushu. Khusela kwaye ululame kuyo kungaba neziyobisi ze-fungicidal ezisusela kwisulfure- "iTazz" okanye "Fundazol."
- Grey kubola. Ukubonakala kwayo kubangelwa ukunyuka kwamanzi, eso sifo sichaphazela iingcambu. Ukutshabalalisa ukubola kunye namalungiselelo akhethekileyo, umzekelo, "Fitosporin" okanye "Roval". Ukucwangcisa ihlathi kukho imfuneko ngokuchanekileyo - ngokubetha kumaqabunga isisombululo kubangelwa ukubunjwa kwamathambo. Isisombululo sinconywa ukuba sisetyenziswe kwinkango kunye nokukhusela.
- Aphids, spider mite . Izidumbu zingabangela ukufa kwesityalo. Inkqubo yokubonakala kwayo yilephuza yamagqabi, ukubola kweentyatyambo. Ungasindisa isityalo ngeinambuzane.