I-Alissum - ityala kunye nokunyamekela kwintsimi evulekile, iingcebiso zokukhula

Ukuhlobisa amakhaya, izityalo ezahlukeneyo zemihlobiso zisetyenzisiweyo. Abalimi beliveli baya kuba nomdla ukwazi ukuba yintoni i-alissum, ukutshala kunye nokunyamekela emhlabathini ovulekileyo, kunye nezinye izinto ezinobungakanani ngokuphathelele le nkcubeko enobungozi, kungenjalo akunakukwazi ukufumana ukubunjwa kwimihlaba enhle.

I-Alissum - Iindidi

Zininzi iintlobo zezityalo ezimilayo kunye nezonyaka. Le ntsimi yenkcubeko yenkxalabo enemibala emininzi, ukuze ukwazi ukukhula iintyatyambo zepinki, obomvu, ezimhlophe, ezimfusa kunye nezinye izinto. Ukufumanisa ukuba i-alissum ibonakala njani, kuyafaneleka ukuhlala kwiindawo ezithile:

1. Intyatyambo ifinyelela kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-10-40 cm. Ngokunyamekela okufanelekileyo, unokufumana i-tappe enqabileyo okanye isicathulo se-ampel.
2. Amaqabunga e-alissum amade kwaye amancinci, kwaye umbala wabo uluhlaza-luhlaza. Ama-Inflorescences amancinci kunye namagumbi amane. Ziphambile kwaye zineqholi elimnandi, elinolwazi lwezinyosi.
3. Emva kokususwa kweentyatyambo, iziqhamo zenziwa ngendlela yepod. I-Alyssum inesistim esisisigxina se-shape, njengesihlunu.
4. Kwi-horticulture, amanye amagama asetyenziswa - ilitye okanye i-borax.

Alyssum

Uninzi lwabalimi lusebenzisa iintlobo zonyaka, ngoko unokutshintsha rhoqo udidi lweendawo. Iifom zokuqala zinjalo iintlobo ze-alissum: "Bentama", i-compact, variegated kwaye iqubuda. Ababelethi, ukudibanisa nabo, baye bafumana ezininzi iifom ze-hybride ezikhulile ukusuka kwimbewu. Ngenkcazo ye-alissum kuboniswa ukuba izityalo zonyaka kufuneka zihlwayelwe kwindawo yomhlaba okhanyayo phakathi no-Apreli.

Alyssum

Izityalo ezinobungozi, ezinokutshala iminyaka emininzi, zixhamle ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kuyakwazi ukukhula iifom ezixakekayo ezifikelela kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-8 cm, kunye ne-semishrubs, apho iziqu ziba nobude obuyi-80 cm. Iifom eziphambili ezinokukhula kwimihlaba evulekile ziquka iintlobo ze-alissum: iGmelina, i-pyrineus, ulwandle, inwabuzelayo kunye neerha. Kukho iinguqu ze-hybrid, kunye namabakala. Ukuba unomdla kwindlela i-alissum blooms, ke iintyatyambo zizincinci kwaye zininzi zazo. Ukuzaliswa kungaqhutyelwa yimbewu kunye nezityalo.

Alissum - landing

Inkcubeko yimiyezo ingathobekanga kwaye ingahlwayelwa kwiindawo ezivulekileyo zelanga. Iindawo ezixhasiweyo nazo zifanelekile, kodwa isiqhamo asiyi kukhanya. Ukufika kwe-alissum kunye nokunyamekela kwindawo evulekile emva kwayo kubonisa ukhetho lwesayithi elomileyo nelomileyo. I-acid kunye nenhlabathi enamanzi ayifanele ukulima. Ukukhula, ungasebenzisa imbewu, izithombo kunye nokusika.

Indlela yokutshala imbewu ye-alissum?

Izinto zokutyala zingaqokelelwa ngokuzimela okanye zithengwa kwivenkile. Inketho yesibini iphumelele kakhulu, kuba imbewu iqeqeshiwe. Ukuqonda indlela yokuhlwayela i-alissum, kufuneka uqwalasele inani leengcebiso:

1. Yenza ukufika ngexesha apho umhlaba ovulekileyo usufudumele ngokutsha, ngoko kuya kufuneka ulinde de ngoMeyi.
2. Kungcono ukuphatha phambili imbewu, apho ixutywe khona iiyure eziliqela kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate. Siyabulela oku, unokuzikhusela kwiintlekele nezifo.
3. Ukuhlwayela i-alissum, ukutyala okufanelekileyo kunye nokunyamekela kumhlaba ovulekileyo kuthetha ukudala i-grooves, ubunzulu obungabi ngaphezu kwe-1.5 cm. Kunokwenzeka ukuhlwayela ngokukhululekileyo, kuba abantu abambalwa baya kufumana imbewu encinane ukuba isetyenziswe ngokwahlukileyo. Xa kukho amahlumela, kufuneka uhlaziye iindawo.

Indlela yokutshala i-alissum yembewu?

Abalimi abaninzi banqwenela ukukhula kwamahlumela, njengoko le ndlela iyithembekileyo. Ukuba unomdla wokutshala i-alissum kwizityalo, ke qwalasela iingcebiso ezininzi:

1. Kubalulekile ukuthenga umhlaba ococekileyo kunye nococeko, omele ube nexabiso elincinci, ukuze i-pH ibe ngu-5.5-6.2.
2. Imbewu ihlwayelwe izityalo ngoMatshi-kuApreli. Thatha ibhokisi ye-seedling, uzalise ngomhlaba kwaye usasaze imbewu phezu komhlaba. Musa ukwenza oku, ngokuba oku kuya kunciphisa ithuba lokuhluma. Ngaphezulu, ufeze ngokukhawuleza ngomxube womhlaba okanye ucinezele ngomnwe kwimbewu.
3. Gubungela phezulu ngeglasi okanye ifilimu ukudala imeko yokutsalwa kwe-greenhouse kwaye uyibeke kwindawo edibeneyo. Isondlo kuthetha ukugcina ubushushu ngaphakathi kwe-10-15 °. Ukuhlutha kufuneka kulungelelanise kwaye ungakulibali ukuphucula ixesha. Ukuba zonke ezi zidibeneyo, ziyahluma ziya kwenzeka ngeveki, nangaphambili.
4. Iipaki zigcinwe xa kuvela amaqabunga ama-2-3. Ukuba kukho ukukhula okukhawulezayo, loo nkqubo inokuba yinto engeyomfuneko kuzo zonke kwaye ngokukhawuleza i-alissum ityalwe kwindawo evulekile.

Kuphi umgama apho i-alissum ityalwe khona?

Iintlobo zezityalo kwiindawo ezithile kumnye kunzima, ngenxa yokuba zincinci, ngoko emva kokuvela kwembewu, kubalulekile ukuzincipha. Ukuhlaliswa kwe-alissum emhlabathini ngamadaka kufuneka kudlule kangangokuba umgama phakathi kwabo awukho ngaphantsi kwe-20-30 cm, kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ukufika kungenxa yokufumana i-curb ephilayo ngenxa yoko, umgama phakathi kwehlathi kufuneka ungabi ncinane. Izibongo zicetyiswa ukuba zilungiselelwe kwangaphambili, kwaye zimele zibe yinto encinci ye-rhizome kunye neloyile. Musa ukungena kakhulu kwisityalo.

Ukuhamba kwe-alissum kwindawo evulekileyo - imiqathango

Konke kuxhomekeka kwindlela inkcubeko yokwanda ngayo. Ukukhulisa i-alsom, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela kwindawo evulekileyo kuthetha ukutshala izityalo, xa kuya kubakho amaqabunga ama-2-3 amaqabunga apheleleyo. Ixesha elifanelekileyo liphuma ekupheleni kukaMeyi ukuya ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ukuba unomdla, xa utshala i-alissum yezityalo kwindawo evulekile, kufuneka uyenze oko ngoMeyi, xa umhlaba ushushu. Ekutyaleni kwentwasahlobo, isityalo siya kuqhakaza ekupheleni kwehlobo, kwaye ukuze ubone iintyatyambo ngoMeyi, ukuhlwayela kwenziwa ngekwindla ngoNovemba. Ngebudeni busika, imbewu iya kuba namandla, kwaye amahlumela aya kuba nokunyamezela.

Izimo ezikhulayo zeAlissum

Omnye akakwaziyo kodwa uyavuya ngenxa yokuba esi sityalo sithobekile kwaye sinokukhula kwimihlaba eyahlukeneyo. Ayesabi iifrikhthi, inhlabathi yomhlaba, indawo ezinomileyo, ilanga kunye nommandla kunye nezinye izityalo. Ukufumanisa indlela yokukhulisa i-alissum, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukuba ufuna ukuthanda imibala eqaqambileyo, kufuneka uhlawule umgangatho womhlaba kwindawo ekhethiweyo.

Umhlaba we-alissum

Ngaphambi kokufika, kubalulekile ukulungiselela umhlaba.

1. Xa ukhula isityalo se-alissum entsimini, kufuneka uqale usebenzise i-humus okanye i- compost . Le nkqubo kufuneka ilandelwe inyanga ngaphambi kokuhlwayela.
2. Abalimi abanolwazi bancomela ukuphucula izakhiwo zamanzi zomhlaba, apho kubekwe i-keramzit, isanti yomlambo okanye amacwecwe amancinci.
3. Emva koko, ukumba nokulinganiswa komhlaba ngama-rakes kuyimfuneko. Ukuze i-alissum iphuhlise kakuhle, ukutyala kufuneka kwenziwe kwimihlaba engekho-acid, apho i-pH ifanele ibe kwinqanaba lika-6-6.3.

Ingaba bayicoca i-alissum?

Ukuba izityalo zilula, ngoko ke kunconywa ukuba uqukumbe udonga oluphambili. Susa i-1/3, kwaye kwezinye iimeko 1/2 inxalenye yesitshixo, ushiye ama-3-4 amaqabunga amaqabunga okwenene kunye nama-axillary buds. Oku kwenzeka ukuba izityalo zikhule kunye nokungabikho kokukhanya okanye ukushisa okuphezulu. Emva kwenkqubo, isityalo siya kuqalisa kwaye siza kwenza amahlumela aso.

I-Alissum, ukulima kunye nokunyamekela okufuneka kwenziwe ngokwemiqathango, kubandakanya ukusika i-pruning kwaye kufuneka kwenziwe rhoqo. Ndiyabulela kule nkqubo, ukukhula kuya kwanda, kunye nokugquma kuya kuba nzima. Kubalulekile kuzo zonke iindidi zale nkcubeko ukususa ukuya kuma-8 cm amahlumela. Okukuphela kwendawo e-alissum elamatye. Ukuze uhlaziye uhlalutye emva kokususa i-inflorescence, onke amahlumela ancishiswe yi-1/3.

U-Alyssum

Kukho iingcebiso ezininzi zokuqwalasela ukuze ugcine ubuhle bale ntyatyambo.

1. Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Emva kokudlulela emva kweiveki ezintlanu, kucetyiswa ukuba amanzi amanzi kunye nesisombululo se-potassium kunye ne-fertilizer nitrogenous. Xa ixesha lokukhula okusebenzayo kunye neentyantyambo ziza, qaphela isondlo somhlaba. Unokusebenzisa oku kulungiselelwa: kwi-10 ilitha amanzi, qhawula i-tbsp e-1. i-sporea ye-urea kunye ne- "Agricola-7". Iintlobo zonyaka zifuna ukusebenzisa izichumisi ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nexesha lehlotyana kufuneka kube neyongezelelo elongezelelweyo elinesibini, kwaye okokuqala kuqhutyelwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Ungasebenzisa isichumisi esiyinkimbinkimbi, 20 g ngalinye nge-10 ilitha amanzi. Ukugcina ii-alissum zezimbali zide, xa zitshala kwaye zihamba emhlabathini ovulekileyo, zithetha ukusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwezithako eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kule ngxaki i-40 g ithathwa ngama-10 ilitha.
2. Ukunisela. Ukuba umhlaba ovuthiweyo kunye nococeko ukhethwa ngenxa yokukhula kweentlobo ezingapheliyo kunye neqondo lokunyusa ehlotyeni alingaphantsi komyinge, kwaye ukunkcenkceshela okongeziweyo kunokupheliswa ngokupheleleyo. Into leyo kukuba ngokugqithiseleka kokunyamezela, inkqubo yeengcambu iya kuba yimanzi kwaye i-shrub iya kufa. Kwixesha lesomiso, ukuze ugcine uhlobo lokubhabisa lweentyantyambo ze-alissum, ukunakekelwa kubandakanya ukuthambisa okongeziweyo. Xa kutyalwa iindidi zonyaka kungakhathaliseki imeko yemozulu, kubalulekile ukucwangcisa umhlaba ngokubanzi.

Ukuze kungabikho ukulimaza i-alissum, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela emhlabathini ovulekileyo kufuneka kuqhutywe ngokwemiqathango yonke, ngaphandle koko ekungabikho kwezichumisi okanye ukuhlanjululwa kwegazi, kunye nokutyhala ngokugqithiseleyo, ukubonakala kwezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo kunokuthi kwenzeke:

1. Ingxaki eqhelekileyo yintsiba ephawulezileyo okanye i-brown brown. Le ngxaki iyenzeka ukuba iingcebiso zokunkcenkceshela azilandelwa kwaye umhlaba uqala ukonakala. Ngenxa yoko, i-collar root decays, kwaye i-alissum iyabuna. Ukujongana nale ngxaki, uyiphathe ngokupheleleyo ngefungicides, umzekelo, usebenzisa "Ordan" okanye "Kuproksat." Ukususela ekutyileni kwexesha kufuneka ubaleke.
2. Enye ingxaki ye-alissum i- powdery mildew , ebonakalayo kumagqabi kwaye ibenze iingubo ezimhlophe kubo. Ngenxa yoko, baba mnyama baze bafe. Ingxaki ivela xa ukutsalwa kwezihlumela kwakugqithiseleyo okanye inani elincinci le-nitrogen fertilizer longezwa phantsi. Esinye isizathu-ukuguquka okubukhali kunye nobushushu obunzima. Ukujongana ne-powdery mildew, ungasebenzisa i-Bordeaux liquid okanye fungicide, umzekelo, "Fundazol".
3. Ukuze ukhule kakuhle, i-alissum, ukutyala kunye nokunyamekela emhlabathini ovulekileyo kuthetha ukusetyenziswa kokukhuselwa kwiintlekele. Intyatyambo iya kutshabalalisa kwi-flea ye-cruciferous, iibhubhu zeklabishi okanye i-bryanka. Kubalulekile ukuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, usebenzisa iikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo.

Alissum kwi design design

Ukuthandwa kwale nkcubeko yintsimi kubangelwa ukuba ibukeka bukhulu kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. I-Alissum kwibhede leentyatyambo kwindawo evulekileyo idibeneyo kunye neminyaka emininzi yonyaka kunye nezidalwa zokuphela, kunye ne-ampel kunye nezityalo zomhlaba. Ukutshala izityalo ezinobungozi kwindawo evulekile eyenziwa kwiintaba eziphakamileyo , iindawo zokugubungela kunye nama-mixborders . Amabanga aphakamileyo anqunywe kwaye adibene ne roses, irises kunye nama-tulips.