- Idilesi: iGran Vía, 28013 iMadrid, iSpain
Mhlawumbi, kwisixeko ngasinye kukho izitalato ezibalulekileyo, iindlela zendlela, iindlela eziqhelekileyo ezinjengeJardin Garden Ring eMoscow, eWall Street eNew York, eSitalital Street eTokyo, eMadrid, "inye indlela" ebizwa ngokuba yi-Via Gran Via, . Kuyathakazelisa, nangeminyaka engama-150 edlulileyo kwakungcikiva, kwaye namhlanje - ukuzikhukhumeza kwesixeko sasendulo. Oku akusiyo isitalato esisitalathini, kungekhona indawo ebanzi, esi sikhokelo esiphakathi kwesi sixeko, sidibanisa kakuhle indawo zeRoyal Palace kunye nePrado Boulevard. Ngaphandle kwesitalato, ngakwelinye icala okanye ngakwelinye icala, izakhiwo ezintsha kunye nezakhiwo zendawo zakhula ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo.
Umlando
Ingcamango yokwakhiwa kweGran Via Madrid yavela ngowe-1862, loo mzi wawucala ngokungafaniyo, kwaye kude kude neendonga kunye neenqaba zabantu ezikhutshelwe kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye nemizila. Phakathi kwekhulu le-XIX kwakubonakala kungenakwenzeka ukuba kuqhutywe uphuhliso olukhulu lweendawo zokuhlala ezininzi, ngaloo ndlela ukujika indawo empofu ibe yinto efanelekileyo. Kodwa emva kweminyaka engamashumi amane, umphathi-dolophu weso sixeko noMninimzi waseFransi uMartin Albert Silver wasayina isivumelwano malunga nokuqala kokwakhiwa kwakhona. Ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngokuvulwa okukhulu ngo-Ephreli 5, 1910.
Njengomphumo womsebenzi, izindlu ezingaphezu kwama-300 kunye nezitalato ezili-14 zadilizwa, ngoko iGran Street Street, ububanzi beemitha ezingama-35 kunye ne-1315 yamitha ubude, kwavela. Isitalato esisezantsi sasePeresa sanciphisa inxalenye malunga nemitha engama-4, kuba le izindlu ezininzi zazinqandwa ngeendonga, zakhiwa ezitsha zokuqala kunye neziseko zokuhlala kunye nesiseko. Eminye imithi ayinqunywanga, kodwa iqhutywe kufuphi namakhaya abo. I-Gran Via ihlukaniswe ngamacandelo amathathu: isitala sezindlu ezingezizo zokuzalwa, ngoko isitayela saseFrentshi kunye nesimanje, kwaye okwesithathu yi-American rationalism. Kwakukho ixesha apho ngalinye iqela lesitrato lalinalo igama, kwaye iindlebe zokunyamezela zesitrato zabuyela emva nje.
Ukwakhiwa ngokupheleleyo kwagqitywa kuphela ngo-1952; Isitalato esitsha siqala ukusuka kumsebe kunye ne-Alkala Street kwaye sihlala kwi- Plaza yeSpain .
Iindawo ezithakazelisayo kwiGran Via Madrid
Ngokuqhelekileyo, isitrato sinokuqwalaselwa njenge-encyclopedia yezokwakha, ngenxa yokuba yakhiwe ngaphezu kweeminyaka emininzi, nganye leyo yazisa indlela yayo kwaye ibonakalisa kwisitayela kunye nokuyila kwezakhiwo, ezona zidumileyo zizo:
- Isakhiwo sokuqala kwinqanaba le-Alkala Street isakhiwo seMetropolis . Yakhelwe ngo-1911 kwinkampani yomshuwalense yiprojekthi ekhethekileyo evela kubazalwana abaFree. Ukwakhiwa kwezinto ezintle zokwakhiwa kweklastiki kuhlotshiswe ngumbumba, kwaye yena, ngumfanekiso wokunqoba kukaNicky. Kuze kube ngo-1972, endaweni yalo yayiyiNtaka Phoenix.
- Elandelayo kuye yindlu enguNombolo 1 Gran Vía - isakhiwo seGreyss , esakhiwe ngo-1917 ngenxa yegama elifanayo negama legolide. Isakhiwo sihlotshiswe ngombala omhlophe weenxa zonke. Njengamanje, umgangatho wokuqala uhlala kumyuziyam
- Inombolo engaqondakaliyo ye-13 ingeyendlu yabamagosa, ngaphandle kwalokho - kwiziko lemveli lemikhosi kunye ne-navy. Ngaphambili kwakukho i- Casino Militar , uhlobo lweqela legosa. Isakhiwo savulwa ngowe-1916 kwaye sidumiwe ngeendawo zangaphakathi ezizityebi.
- Ukulandela ecaleni kwesitalato uza kudibana nesakhiwo esikhulu kunazo zonke zezitalato - icawa yamaKatolika e-Oratorio del Caballero de Gracia (Oratorio del Caballero de Gracia). Ngomnyaka we-1795, ibandla laphinde lavuselelwa ngemali kwiRoytri yokuqala yokuqala.
- Umhlathi we-21 ungowesiCwangciso seSenethi ye-Hotel . Ihotele inikezelwa yinkwenkwezi zeenkwenkwezi ezine, entendelezweni encinci yehotele yakha i-elevator eyokuphakamisa wena eluphahleni kunye nedama kunye nembono ye-chic.
- Ukuchasene nehotele yindawo yokuqala yaseYurophu yaseTelfonica , eyavela ngo-1930, indlu yowunombolo 28, ekuqaleni kwecandelo lesibini leGran Via. Ukuphakama kwayo ngamamitha angama-81, okwamnika iminyaka emininzi isakhiwo sezakhiwo ezide kunazo zonke eYurophu. Iwashi kwinqaba yavela kuphela ngo-1967, kwaye kwiminyaka emibini eyadlulayo yayihlotshiswe ngokukhanyisa. Ukwakhiwa kweefowuni, umakhi waseMelika wayekhutshwe ngokukhethekileyo.
- Kwelinye icala ngaphesheya kwesitalato iGran Via, indlu 35, yakhiwa i-palace ye- musical-Palacio de la Música . Xa kwakukho ihholo le-cinema kunye neklasi yekhonsathi, kodwa ngo-2007 kwavalwa ukuvuselelwa kwakhona, kwaye emva koko kucetywayo ukuqasha zonke iindawo.
- Enye indlu enomdla kwisitrato iGrran Via-high-rise i- Los Sótanos ; Unamagumbi amaninzi kanye kanye: I-53, 55, 57 no-59. Yakhelwe phakathi kwe-1940, enye inxalenye ithathwa phantsi kwehotele yase-chic "uMlawuli", enye - iTeatro Lope de Vega, ngoku iyaziwa yonke iYurophu kwimveliso yayo .
- Elandelayo kwisitrato ngoku i- square pedestrian of Callao (Plaza del Callao). Kwizakhiwo kwesikwere kukho izitolo ezininzi, le ndawo iyintandokazi yokuthengwa kwezokhenketho. Ukongeza, unokuhlangabezana nabathengisi abathetha isiRashiya, into enhle kakhulu.
- Kwinqanaba leCallao kukho izakhiwo ezintathu eziphawulekayo: iCine Callao (i-complex cinema complex), iCapitol kunye nePalacio de la Prensa (iThala leNdwendwe). I-Capitol yindawo yokuthenga, ihotele kunye ne-cinema, indlu yakhiwe kwisitayela saseJamani sase-Art Deco, inxalenye yayo emncinci ihlotshiswe nge-turret enekratshi. Igumbi lokunyusa linikezelwa inani le-46 lendlu, lakhiwa kwaye yavulwa ngokomthetho ngo-1930 ngokomyalelo weMedia Press Association. Iholide yeofisi kunye neendonga ezintle zazihlala ngabavakalisi ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, igumbi lokuqala laligcinwe kwi-cinema.
- Indawo yokugqibela ye-boulevard yiPlaza yaseSpain , ifumaneka kwiinkampani ezimbini: i-Madrid ephakamileyo (i-142 metres ephezulu yokuhlala) kunye ne-TV Tower yaseSpeyin (i-Torrespaña). Kwinqanaba elikufuphi kwidangxube isicatshulwa sebhasi elimnandi kubalinganiswa abakhulu baseCervantes .
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Kwaye le yinto yecandelo lezakhiwo zembali. KwiGran Via kukho iihotele ezininzi ezidumileyo, iivenkile, imivalo kunye neevenkile. Kukho ixesha elihlala ligcwele abavakhenkethi nabahamba ngeedolophu. Isikhumbuzo se-centennial yesitrato ngo-2010 sasibhiyozelwa ngobubanzi obubanzi, kubandakanywa kwiGran Via yayo ifakwe imodeli yayo yobhedu.
Ndingafika njani?
Unokufikelela kwisitalato esidumileyo ngezothutho loluntu :
- kwi- metro eneemigca L1, L2, L3, L5 kunye ne-L10 kuxhomekeke kwisikhokelo sakho kwizikhululo: iSanto Domingo, Callao, iGran Via;
- ngebhasi inombolo 1, 2, 3, 44, 46, 74, 133, 146, 148 kunye no-202.