- Idilesi: Plaza de España, Madrid
Inqabileyo enkulu yeMadrid Square yaseSpeyin iyisikhumbuzo seDon Quixote kunye neSancho Panse - amaqhawe adumeleyo, mhlawumbi, yonke imisebenzi kaMiguel de Cervantes. Enyanisweni, isikhumbuzo asinikeleli kuphela, makabe ngabalinganiswa abadumileyo: oku kudibeneyo, okuquka umthombo, isikhumbuzo kumlobi kunye nezinye izinto ezizodwa kunye nezixhobo eziphantsi.
Isikhumbuzo seDon Quixote asikho kuphela eMadrid - abaseSpain bayayihlonipha loo mpawu kunye nezikhumbuzo zazo ezifakwe eAlcalá de Henares, kufuphi neNdlu apho uCervantes ahlala khona, naseMota del Cuervo (Cuenca) nasePuerto Lápice (Ciudad Real), kodwa iMadrid Don Quixote iyona edumileyo.
Imbali yesikhumbuzo
Ukudalwa kwesikhumbuzo kuCervantes eMadrid kwathatha ixesha elide elaneleyo: ukhuphiswano lwabhengezwa emva kowe-1915, unyaka ngaphambi komhla wokufa kwakhe wama-300. Indawo yokuqala yanikezelwa kwiprojekthi, eyenziwe ngumyili wezakhiwo uRafael Zapatera nomdwebi uLorenzo Cullo-Valera. Nangona kunjalo, kwakungekho nemali yokumisa isikhumbuzo, kwaye ngowe-1920 ukuqokelelwa kweemali kwaqala kuwo onke amazwe apho ulwimi lwesiSpanish luzalwa khona. Imali efunekayo yaqokelelwa kuphela ngo-1925, ngexesha elifanayo, umsebenzi waqala ekumisweni kwekhumbuzo. Baye bakhangwa kumyili wezakhiwo uPedro Muguruso, owenza utshintsho kwiprojekthi (umzekelo, wasusa isibalo esihamba phezu kwesikhumbuzo sodadekazi uVictoria kwaye senza lula ukuhlobisa i-balustrade). Ukuvulwa kwetshe lesikhumbuzo (kungekugqityiwe) kubanjwe ngo-Oktobha 13, 1929.
Kwiminyaka engama-50 umsebenzi wokugqitywa kwesikhumbuzo waqalisa kwakhona - unyana kaLornzo Cullo-Valera, uFederico, wongezelela imifanekiso emininzi kwizinto ezakhiweyo.
Ukubonakala kwesikhumbuzo
Ukubunjwa kwekhumbuzo, njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, kunzima kakhulu: ngaphandle kweCervantes kunye namanani angundoqo (uDon Quixote kunye noSancho Panza, ehleli kwiRossinant kunye nembongolo egama linguGrey), abanye abalinganiswa kunye namanani allegorical abonakaliswe apha. Ngokomzekelo, ngasemva kwe-stle ngumfanekiso kaEstre Isabella wasePortugal ehlezi etroneni, kwiinyawo zaso umthombo. Le ndlela yokugqibela ihlotshiswe ngeengalo zamazwe, apho ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni lwesiSpeyin.
Iqonga lihlotshiswe ngehlabathi, elibonisa ukuba ulwimi lwaseSpeyin luye lwasasazeka kuwo onke amazwekazi ezintlanu, kunye nabameli beentlanga ezahlukeneyo zokufunda iincwadi-mhlawumbi ziyimveliso yeCervantes, enokuphindwa kwimibuzo yesibili kuphela kwiBhayibhile.
Ukongeza, i-stla ihlotshiswe neminye imifanekiso, kuquka izifanekiso "ze-Mysticism" kunye ne "Military Valor" kunye ne-bas-reliefs, phakathi kwazo onokubona u-dance gypsy kunye noRicone kunye neCortadillo. Kwaye kunye neemifanekiso zikaDon Quixote kunye neSancho, unako ukubona ii-2 zezitho zowesifazane-ngakwesokunene nangesinceleni. Le Dulcinea kunye ... Dulcinea: kwinguqu enye - intombazana enentliziyo evuyayo, oko kukuthi, ukuba i-Dulcinea ekhona ngokwenene, okwesibini - mhlawumbi, i-Dulcinea, eyayikho kwiingcamango zikaMnu Knight of the Sad image. Ezi zibophelelo ezimbini, ezifana neRiconee kunye neCortadillo, zongezwa kwintlangano kuphela kwi-50-60 yekhulu lokugqibela.
Ezinye iintlobo zesikwere
Ukongeza kweso sikhumbuzo, kwi-Plaza de España ungayithanda inqaba yaseMadrid, isakhiwo esithi "iSpain", iCasa Gaillardo kunye nokwakhiwa kweenkampani zemizi yase-Asturian, ezijikeleze isikwere, kunye nokuhambahamba epakini kwaye zithenga imemori yokukhumbula inkundla yokuthenga ngaphandle kwesikhumbuzo.
Indlela yokufikelela kwisikwere?
Ukuhamba phakathi kwidolophu, ungakwazi ukufikelela kwi-Plaza yaseSpain ngeenyawo. Kwaye ukuba uhamba ngenjongo apha, ngoko kukulungele ukuthatha i- metro uze uhambe kwisikhululo sePlaza de España.
| | | |
| | | |
