IiHormone ze-thyroid gland ngobuninzi obuninzi zinika umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wendalo - unondla ngamandla. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba izinga labo litshintsho, iingxaki ziqala ezinokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu. Ukuze uziphephe, kufuneka uqaphelisise impilo yakho kwaye wazi iimpawu eziphambili ze-hypo-hyperthyroidism.
Ziziphi i-hormone eziveliswa yi-thyroid gland?
Iintlobo ezimbini zezinto eziphilayo eziphilayo ziveliswa kwi-thyroid gland:
- triiodothyronine;
- thyroglobulin.
Ezi ihomoni zegciwane le-thyroid zineempawu eziqhelekileyo - T3 kunye ne-T4, ekubeni enye iqulethe ezintathu, kunye nezinye iimolyuli ezine-iodine. Ngaphandle kokugqibela, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo akunakwenzeka. Ukuze uqonde ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba yintoni imisebenzi ye-hormone ye-thyroid. Kwaye banoxanduva loku:
- udidi lweeprotheni;
- umsebenzi oqhelekileyo weeseli (ngenxa yokunyuselwa oksijini);
- ukukhawuleza kwenkqubo yokuhlaziywa kwezicubu;
- ukwanda kwezinga lokutya kwegazi kunye nokuvuselelwa kwe-insulin ekusithekeni;
- ngokuqhelekileyo ukutshintshwa kwamanzi;
- ukwahlula amafutha kunye nokunciphisa inani labo egazini;
- ukukhula;
- ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo kunye ne-CNS;
- ukubunjwa kweeseli zegazi;
- kunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- ukwakha ubushushu;
- ukulawula imisebenzi yokuzala.
Uhlalutya amahomoni e-thyroid
Olu hlobo lokufunda lubaluleke kakhulu, kuba nayiphi iinguqu-nokuba yanda okanye iyancipha-imveliso ye-hormone ibonisa ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwelungu. Iimpawu zokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi kwi-hormone ye-thyroid, njengommiselo, zilandelayo:
- krokreza u-hypo- or hyperthyroidism;
- goiter ;
- ukungabikho ;
- ukuphulwa okanye ukungabikho komjikelezo wesini;
- ukuguqa ;
- ukungasebenzi kwezesondo (ngokukodwa, ukungabikho kwesifiso sesini);
- i-arrhythmias;
- ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni kwabantwana (kokubili kwengqondo kunye nesondo);
- isethi ebukhali okanye ukulahleka kwesisindo.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngehomoni ze-thyroid - ukulungiselela
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziphumo zichanekileyo kwaye zibonise umfanekiso obaluleke kakhulu, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo ambalwa ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi. Ngaphambi kokuthatha uvavanyo lwee-hormone ze-thyroid, ukulungiselela kufuna le nto:
- Phantse inyanga enye phambi kokufunda, kucetyiswa ukuba wenqabe ukuthatha zonke iintlobo zehomoni ze-thyroid (ngaphandle kwalawo asetyenziswayo ngokwemiyalelo ekhethekileyo ye-endocrinologist).
- Ngethuba lokuzikhandla komzimba. Musa ukuzibandakanya kwimidlalo elula.
- Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokuvavanywa kwamahomoni e-thyroid, kufuneka uyeke ukusela i-iodine supplements.
- Ubuncinane ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba uvavanyo lucetyiswa ukuba aluyi kubhema, kungekhona ukusela utywala kwaye ungayinxunguli inkqubo yesantya.
- Kufuneka unike igazi ngegazi elingenalutho. Kule meko, isiguli kufuneka sihlale siphumle.
Ungadlulisa njani uvavanyo lweehommoni ze-thyroid gland?
Inkqubo ye-sampuli yegazi ithathwa ngokuya kwesikimu senkcubeko. Ngaphambi kwenkqubo, i-tourniquet iqhotyoshelwe kwisandla. Kukho neemeko ezithile. Oku akulumkiso kuwo onke ama-laboratories, kodwa kukho imithetho ethile yokunikezelwa kweemvavanyo. Ulwazi ngabo lunceda ukugcina ixesha elininzi kunye neentsholongwane. Nantsi indlela yokunikela igazi kwi-hormone ye-thyroid:
- Amahomoni aqhelekileyo kunye namahhala akayekanga ngexesha elifanayo. Ukuba ibhubhoratri inika oku, kuthetha ukuba abasebenzi bazama nje ukwandisa iindleko zegulane.
- Akukho mfuneko yokumisela kwakhona i-AT ye-TPO (i-immunoglobulins ethile echitha i-enzyme ye-iodine), ekubeni isenzululwazi isiqinisekisile ukuba izinga le-antibodies alifani nesimo sempilo yesigulane.
- Musa ukuvavanya i-thyroglobulin ngexesha loviwo lokuqala. Olu luvavanyo oluthile olokuba oogqirha bangakwazi ukuchazwa ngokucacileyo, bekhohlise isigulane. Njengomthetho, igazi lala ma hormone we-thyroid gland linikezela xa kukho ukukrokra kwe-oncology.
I-hormone ye-thyroid
Iimpawu emzimbeni zinokufumaneka kwiifom ezimbini: ezidibene neeprotheni kwaye zingaboshwa (mahhala). Inani elipheleleyo labo linika isibonakaliso esifanayo. Kuzo zonke iifom zikwasekwe ngokucacileyo iinkqubo zomxholo wazo egazini. Isiqhelo se-hormone ye-thyroid kubasetyhini sibukeka kanje:
- i-T4 iyonke: ukusuka ku-62 ukuya ku-141 i-nmol / l;
- I-T4 yamahhala: 1.5 - 2.9 μg / 100 ml;
- i-T3 iyonke: 1.17 - 2.18 i-nmol / l;
- I-T3 ikhululekile: 0.4 ng / 100 ml.
I-hormone ye-thyroid iphakanyiswa
I-Hyperthyroidism ayifumaneki ukuba kaninzi i-hypothyroidism. Kodwa le meko ithathwa njengengozi kwaye idinga unyango olunzulu. Ama-hormone e-thyroid aphakanyisiweyo yinkinga yekliniki apho inani lemvelo esebenzayo egazini landa, kunye nefuthe labo eliyingozi kwiimfucu kunye nezitho zonyuka. Xa i-hormone ye-thyroid ye-thyroid gland ikhiqizwa ngokugqithiseleyo, zonke iinkqubo zokuxilisa kunye nemisebenzi yezitho zangaphakathi ziphulwa emzimbeni, iinkqubo zenkxaso-mpilo zikhawuleza.
Ukwandisa i-hormone ye-thyroid - izizathu
Njengomthetho, i-hyperthyroidism ihlaselwa kwimvelaphi yezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ukuba isifo se-thyroid siqala ukuvelisa ama-hormone ngaphezu koko, isigulane sifanele sihlolwe izifo ezinjalo:
- Isifo se-Basedova. Ngenxa yokuxilongwa kwe-thyroid gland iyancipha. Kufakwa malunga nama-75% amacala e-hyperthyroidism.
- I-tumor tumor. Enye yezona zinto zinzima kwaye ziyingozi. I-hormone ye-thyroid-stimulating, yokwenza i-T3 kunye ne-T4, iveliswa kuphela kwintsimbi ye-pituitary. Xa i-tumor yenziwe, umsebenzi wale ngxenye yengqondo, kunye ne-thyroid gland, uphazamiseka.
- Ukuvutha. Xa uhlalutyo lwe-hormone ye-thyroid lubonisa ukunyuka kwee-indices, oku kungabonakalisa ukuvuvukala kwintsholongwane kwisigqeba. Kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukuba usulelo lupheliswa, imeko yesigulane iyajongwa.
I-Hyperthyroidism ingaba nefa. Kodwa kungekudala, esi sifo siphucukisiwe ngakumbi kulabo baxhaphaza amalungiselelo e-iodine. Ukutya akukwazi ukugqithisa umzimba ngokugqithisa umzimba, kodwa amayeza - lula. Ngokwenene, igazi kwiimonomyroid ye-thyroid ithunyelwa ukunika abathandi bezonyango. Ngoko ke, ukuze ugweme i-hyperthyroidism, izidakamizwa ezine-iodine-nokuba zilula kakhulu kunye nokuthintela - kufuneka zithathwe kuphela ngokucwangcisa ngokucwangcisa ugqirha.
I-hormone ye-thyroid iphakanyiswa - iimpawu
I-surplus yezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo zinomphumo onamandla emzimbeni. Ngako oko, ungacingi ukuba i-hormone ephezulu ye-thyroid inzima. I-Hyperthyroidism ingabonakalisa iimpawu ezinjalo:
- ukulahleka kwesisindo esinqabileyo kunye nengqiqo;
- ukunganyanzeliseki;
- ukujuluka okukhulu;
- ukubonakala kweenwele ezimvu;
- iinwele ezinqabileyo;
- ukoma olungenakubukeka;
- iingxaki emsebenzini wegciwane lesisu, ehamba kunye nokuqhawuka okanye ukuhlanza;
- Ukwandiswa kwentamo ngobukhulu (kwisigaba esinqatshelwe kakhulu - ukwakheka kwesisu, ubungakanani balo bubonakala);
- ukucaphuka;
- kulala;
- ukubonakala kokuthuthumela ezandleni;
- tachycardia;
- i-arrhythmia;
- ukuphulwa komjikelezo wesini;
- ukukhutshwa kwamehlo;
- ukuvuvukala kweebhokhwe;
- ukukhalaza okungapheliyo;
- kunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- iiplisi ezipihlayo.
Ukwandisa i-hormone ye-thyroid - unyango
Unokufikelela kwizinga le-hormone ye-thyroid ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi. Isetyenziswe kwizigaba zokuqala, xa unyanga izigulana ezingaphantsi kwama-50. Amayeza aqhelekileyo ayenayo: iMethimazol kunye nePropylthiouracil. Ezi zi yobisi zivimbela ukuqokelela iodine. Ulwaphulo lufanele luqhutywe yikhosi kwaye lunokuhlala lude ixesha elide.
- Ukunciphisa ama-hormone kwi-thyroid gland kunceda iodine ye-iodine. Isisombululo esinomsoco esicacileyo siholele ekubhujisweni kweqela kunye nokunciphisa okulandelelweyo kwisixa sezinto ezivelisiweyo.
- Unyango o IiHormone ze-thyroid gland kubasetyhini ngokulandelelana zinokuziswa ngokususa iqumrhu ngokupheleleyo okanye nxalenye.
- Ukuxhasa umzimba nge hyperthyroidism kuya kunceda kunye nokutya. Ivumela ukusetyenziswa kweentlanzi zomlambo, iklabishi, i-zucchini, i-broccoli, isipinashi, iimbotyi, izityalo.
Iormone ye-thyroid gland iyanciphisa
Nge-hypothyroidism, umzimba awukwazi ukuvelisa i-thyroxine eyaneleyo. I-hormone ye-thyroid ephantsi ikhokelela ekunciphiseni kwimisebenzi emininzi emzimbeni, kubandakanywa nenkqubo yokuxilonga. Ukwazi iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-hypothyroidism, isifo sinokufunyanwa ngexesha kunye nokuphathwa. Njengomthetho, emva kwenkqubo epheleleyo yokunyanga, zonke iimpawu zesifo ziyalala.
Unciphisa i-hormone ye-thyroid - izizathu
Isizathu esona siqhelo se-hypothyroidism yintswelo ye-iodine. Kodwa kukho ezinye izinto ezibangela ukuba i-hormone ye-thyroid i-TSH ikhiqizwa kungenani elaneleyo. Phakathi kwazo:
- Down syndrome;
- umsebenzi ohanjiswe kwi-shchitovidke okanye i-radiotherapy;
- i-thyroiditis ;
- I-Turner syndrome;
- ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza athile (njenge-Amiodarone okanye iLitin, umzekelo).
I-hormone ye-thyroid iyancipha - iimpawu
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-hypothyroidism kunokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye kwandezeleke ngokuthe ngcembe - kwiinyanga eziliqela okanye kwiminyaka. I-hormone ye-thyroid ye-thyroid iyanconywa ngeempawu ezifana nale:
- ukukhathala;
- ukushisa komzimba;
- ukungaqondakali kwengqondo (ingqondo yengqondo, ukudandatheka, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa ngokukhawuleza);
- ukuthuthumela kwezandla;
- ukuziva rhoqo kubanda;
- owomileyo kunye nokukhangela kwesikhumba;
- ukukhubazeka kwememori;
- ukwanda kwezandla;
- esesikweni okanye esinzima kakhulu ukuya esikhathini;
- kunciphisa libido;
- ukuvuvukala kweenkophe, izitho kunye neminwe;
- ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumula komzimba;
- ukuwohloka kweenwele kunye nezipikili;
- ukuthoba yonke imisipha yokunyakaza.
I-hormone ye-thyroid iyancipha - unyango
Ekubeni i-hypothyroidism yinkathazo enkulu, idinga unyango olufanelekileyo. Ukuba i-hormone ye-thyroid ephantsi, ndimele ndenze ntoni? Kukho iindlela ezimbini ezibalulekileyo:
- Zixutywe. Kujoliswe ekutshintsheni izinto ezingekho phantsi kwezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo. Kodwa kukho inkcazo ebonakalayo - olu unyango lunokubangela ukuba i-atrophy ye-thyroid igwebe.
- Ku buyiswa. Olu unyango luyakuvumela ukuba uvelise i-hormone level kwizinga eliqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwamachiza. Ingundoqo yonyango yempembelelo yengqondo kunye nesistim se-nerveous autonomic by current current direct in the points of biologically active.