Hyperthyroidism - unyango

I-Hyperthyroidism idibanisa iimpawu ezibonakalayo ngenxa ye-hyperfunction ye-thyroid kwaye ichazwe ngamachiza anyanzelekileyo.

I-hyperfunction ithetha ukugqithisa, ukuvelisa ngokweqile amahomoni e-thyroid - i-triiodothyronine kunye ne-thyroxine. Ezi ihomoni, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-thyroid, zinoxanduva lokukhula nokuphuhliswa komzimba, ukubonelela ngezinga eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ukutshatyalaliswa komzimba kunye nokukhawuleza imisebenzi yengqondo.

Izizathu ze hyperthyroidism

Isizathu esona siqhelo soogqirha be-hyperthyroidism sibiza isifo esisekelwe kwiSiseko. Esi sifo, esibizwa ngokuba yi-goiter isifo esiyingozi, sihamba kwaye sikhokelela kwi-thyrotoxicosis okanye i-thyroid ye-hormone yetyhefu. Uninzi lwamaxesha aqhelekileyo, abafazi abaneminyaka ephakathi-mihlanu abanesifo semfuyo bafumana esi sifo.

Okuninzi kangako nje isizathu, kukho oko kuthiwa isifo sePlummer okanye i- goiteric toiter . Esi sifo sisifo esibuhlungu kwaye sibonakaliswe yimpawu zeklinikhi ze-thyroid hyperthyroidism, unyango esiza kuluqwalasela ngezantsi. Izizathu ezilandelayo zilandelayo:

• ukumkelwa okungalawulekiyo kwamahomoni e-thyroid;
• izicubu ze-ovari;
• izicubu zentsimbi;
• ukungena ngokweqile kwe-iodine emzimbeni;
• nezinye izifo ezizimele.

Iimpawu ze hyperthyroidism

Izimpawu zeklinikhi ze-hyperthyroidism zifana nezizathu ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ziyahlukahluka ngokuxhomekeka kobunzima besifo, kunye nobude bekhosi:

1. Iingxaki ze-neurological:
   • ukwandisa;
   • ukungalingani, ukuguquka rhoqo kwemizwa;
   • ukwandisa ukwesaba;
   • kulala;
   • ukuphulwa kweengqalelo kunye nokugxininiswa.
2. Ukuphazamiseka kwesimo senhliziyo:
   • i-tachycardia (ukungaphumeleli kwesiginyi senhliziyo kunye nesantya senhliziyo ngaphezu kwe-90 beats ngomzuzu);
   • ukujikeleza ngokukhawuleza;
   • imiqondiso yentsilelo yokuphefumula (ukuphefumula okufutshane, ukuvuvukala, i-cyanosis yenxantathu ye-nasolabial);
   • ukuphulwa kwexinzelelo lwegazi (ukwandisa phezulu xa uhlahlisa umzantsi).
3. Ukuphazamiseka kwindlela yokutya:
   • ukukhawuleza kwe-metabolism (kubonakaliswe ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba ngokuqhelekileyo okanye ukwanda kwesidlo);
   • ukuphazamiseka kokugaya (ukunqandwa okanye isifo sohudo);
   • intlungu yesisu esiswini;
   • ukuhlanza;
   • ukwandisa, ububele besibindi.
4. Ukuphulwa kwezenzo zesondo (ukungabi namandla kunye ne-gynecomastia kumadoda, ukuphazamiseka kwemizi kwimiba yabasetyhini).
5. Izifo ze-metabolic (ukujuluka ngokugqithisileyo, iinwele ezinqabileyo kunye ezinqabileyo, ukuchithwa kwesikhumba).
6. Ukuphazamiseka kwamehlo (exophthalmos, sclera eyomileyo, ukuguguleka komzimba, ukukrakra, ukuphikisana).

Unyango lwe hyperthyroidism

Ngaphambi kokuthatha isigqibo malunga nendlela yokuphatha i-hyperthyroidism, ugqirha uchaza izifundo ezithile. Ezi ziquka ukugqiba i-hormone ye-thyroid gland, i-ultrasound kunye ne-CT, i-ECG kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-biopsy ye-thyroid gland nodes.

Kwimeko yokunyamekela, unyameko, amalungiselelo amayeza e-antiithyroid. Isenzo sabo sisekelwe ekuthintekeni ukuqokelela iodine, ngaphandle kwayo imveliso ye-hormone ye-thyroid ayikwazi. Oku kuquka ukutya okukhethekileyo kunye nexabiso elifanelekileyo leeprotheni, amafutha kunye ne-carbohydrates, inani elongezelelweyo lamavithamini kunye neetalcium. Izilungiso zibandakanya iimveliso ezenza umphumo oshukumisayo kwinkqubo yesantya ephakathi.

Ukuba unyango olulondolozayo luyinto engasebenzi, unyango nge-iodine ye-radioactive okanye ukususwa ngokukhawuleza kwenxalenye ye-gland ingasetyenziselwa, okuphumela ekunciphiseni kwe-secretion ye-hormone. Iimpembelelo eziphambili ze-hyperthyroidism zibandakanya ukungabikho komntwana (abesilisa nabesifazana) kunye neengxaki ze-thyrotoxic, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-hyperthyroid coma.