Iintsholongwane ezithintekayo zentsholongwane ezibangelwa yizilwanyana ezinezifo ezichaphazelekayo ezibangelwa zizifo ezininzi zeentsholongwane ezilandelayo: iintsholongwane, i-buniavirus, i-filoviruses, i-flavivirus. Ezi zifo zibonakaliswe yimpawu eziqhelekileyo kunye nomonakalo othile kwi-system ye-hemostasis, imisebenzi yayo iqulethe ukugcina imeko yegazi, ukukhupha ukuphuma kwintsholongwane xa kwenzeka umonakalo we-vascular, kunye nokuchithwa kwegazi.
Ndingagula njani?
Umthombo oyintloko kunye nemithombo yezifo ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana, kunye nabathwali, ngokukodwa, zi-suction-sucking arthropods (iikiti, ummiyane, ummiyane). Kwezinye iimeko, usulelo ludluliselwa ngezinye iindlela:
- ukutya;
- amanzi;
- uthuli lomoya;
- parenteral;
- zoonotic.
Ukungaqondakali kwezi zifo ziphezulu kakhulu, kodwa amaninzi amaninzi anesifo esiphezulu kubhalwa ngabantu abahlala beqhagamshelana nezilwanyana, izinto zasendle ngenxa yemisebenzi yobungcali.
Makhe sihlale kwimibonakalo yezinye iintlobo zemfiva ephazamisayo.
I-Congo-eCrimegal isifo somlilo
Esi sifo kubangelwa intsholongwane evela kwintsapho ye-bunyaviruses, eyafumaneka kuqala eCrimea, kwaye kamva eCongo. Utsholongwane ludluliselwa kumntu ngokukhawulwa kwekhakiti, kunye nokuba wenza ntoni ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango ezinxulumene negazi. Amayeza angenelele angaba ngamagundane, iintaka, imfuyo, izilwanyana zasendle. Isikhathi sokutshala kwesifo singapheli ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini. Iimpawu eziphambili ze-Congo-Crimea ephazamisayo ngumkhuhlane:
- ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kwinqempa yomzimba ukuya kwi-39-40 ° C;
- ukuphosa ;
- intloko;
- ukubomvu kwesikhumba sobuso kunye neembumbulu zamanzi;
- ubuthathaka obunamandla;
- isicefe
- intlungu kunye kunye.
Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa elukhumbeni kunye neembumba ezinamaqabunga kuneziqhumane ngeendlela zokuqhaqha, izindawo ezibomvu, izibhamu. Kukho neengcambu eziphaphayo, utyine olunokwenzeka kunye nezinye iintlobo zokukhupha. Kukho iintlungu kwisisu, i-jaundice, ukuhla kwe-excretion yomchamo.
I-Ebola engenayo imfiva
Ukuqhambuka okukhulu kwesi sifo esibangelwa yi- Ebola virus ukusuka kwintsapho ye-filoviruses ibhaliswe kwiGuinea (eNtshona Afrika) ngo-2014 ngoFebhuwari kwaye yaqhubeka de ukuya kuDisemba 2015, iqhubeka eNigeria, iMali, i-USA, iSpeyin namanye amazwe. Olu bhubhane lathi ubomi babantu abangaphezu kwewaka lamawaka.
I-virus ye-Ebola inokusuleleka kumntu ogulayo ngeendlela ezilandelayo:
- nge saliva;
- zesondo;
- xa edibene negazi;
- amaconsi.
Ziziphi izilwanyana ezisuka kwimithombo yokusuleleka, ayiyaziwa, kodwa kucingwa ukuba izinto eziphambili ziyi-rodents. Ngokomyinge, ixesha lokuxubusha lihlala malunga neentsuku eziyi-8, emva koko izigulane zinempawu ezinjalo:
- ukwanda kwinqempa yomzimba ukuya kwi-38-40 ° C;
- isicupunu, ukuhlanza;
- intlungu entloko, emqaleni;
- iitoni ezinyukayo;
- isifo sohudo.
Emva kwexesha elithile, ukugqithisa okuphazamisayo kubonakala, ukuphuma kwegazi kuvela kwindlela yokuxhamla isisu, impumlo, izitho zomzimba, iigums, kwaye kuncipha kwi-kidney kunye nesibindi somsebenzi.
Umkhuhlane wegazi waseArgentine
Igosa elenzayo le ntsholongwane yintsholongwane kaJunin, leyo i-arenaviruses, intsapho yayo ibandakanya izifo ezifana nezifo ezinjengomkhuhlane wegazi waseBolivia. Umthombo oyintloko kunye nomthombo yi-hamster-njengeentonga. Usulelo lwamaxesha amaninzi lwenzeka ngothuli olusenyakatho ngokukhupha uthuli olungcolileyo ngamagundane, kodwa lunokuthi lube khona ngenxa yokutya ukutya okuhlaselwe ngumchamo. Ixesha lokuxubusha
- i-malaise;
- ukucaphuka;
- intlungu;
- ukubola kwamanzi, ukuguguleka kwamanzi emlonyeni womlomo;
- ukwanda kobushushu ukuya kwi-39-40 ° C;
- ebomvu ubuso;
- ukugqithisa okukhulu, ukuphuma kwamanzi.